MANAGING
DATA RESOURCES
7.1
Why do businesses have trouble finding the information they need in their information systems?
How does a database management system help businesses improve the organization of their information?
7.2
How do the principal types of database models affect the way businesses can access and use information? What are the managerial and organizational requirements of a database environment?
What new tools and technologies can make databases more accessible and useful?
7.3
2003 by Prentice Hall
7.4
7.5
Record: Group of related fields File: Group of records of same type Database: Group of related files
7.6
7.7
Figure 7-1
7.8
Figure 7-2
7.9
2003 by Prentice Hall
Lack of flexibility
Poor security Lack of data-sharing and availability
7.10
7.11
Figure 7-3
7.12
7.13
Figure 7-4
Components of DBMS
7.14
7.15
Figure 7-5
Types of Databases
Relational DBMS
Hierarchical and Network DBMS Object-Oriented Databases
7.16
Relational DBMS
Represents data as two-dimensional tables called relations Relates data across tables based on common data element Examples: DB2, Oracle, MS SQL Server
7.17
7.18
Figure 7-6
7.19
7.20
Figure 7-7
Hierarchical DBMS
Organizes data in a tree-like structure Supports one-to-many parent-child relationships Prevalent in large legacy systems
7.21
Hierarchical DBMS
Figure 7-8
7.22
2003 by Prentice Hall
Network DBMS
Depicts data logically as many-to-many relationships
7.23
Network DBMS
Figure 7-9
7.24
2003 by Prentice Hall
Disadvantages
Outdated Less flexible compared to RDBMS
7.25
Object-Oriented databases
7.26
Designing Databases
7.27
Designing Databases
7.28
An Entity-Relationship Diagram
7.29
Figure 7-10
Figure 7-11
7.30
Figure 7-12
7.31
Distributing Databases
Centralized database
Used by single central processor or multiple processors in client/server network
7.32
Distributing Databases
Distributed database
Stored in more than one physical location
Partitioned database Duplicated database
7.33
Distributed Databases
7.34
Figure 7-13
7.35
7.36
Figure 7-14
7.37
7.38
Figure 7-15
Data warehouse
Supports reporting and query tools Stores current and historical data
7.39
Figure 7-16
7.40
2003 by Prentice Hall
Data mart
Subset of data warehouse Contains summarized or highly focused portion of data for a specified function or group of users
7.41
Datamining
Tools for analyzing large pools of data Find hidden patterns and infer rules to predict trends
7.42
Improved and easy accessibility to information Ability to model and remodel the data
7.43
7.44
A Hypermedia Database
7.45
Figure 7-17
Database server
Computer in a client/server environment runs a DBMS to process SQL statements and perform database management tasks
Application server
Software handling all application operations
7.46
Figure 7-18
7.47
2003 by Prentice Hall
Chapter
MANAGING
DATA RESOURCES
7.48