Plenary Discussion

st 1

week

Presented By 13B

Member
1.Nissa Audiva(1110312012) 2.Try Purwo Fandoko(1110312013) 3.Hadi Rifki Ramadhan(1110312048) 4.Embun Dini(1110312053) 5.Nidya Yunaz(1110312100) 6.Andika Budhi Rahmawan(1110312118) 7.Dwi Novilolita(1110312130) 8.Aisha Triani(1110313029) 9.Fadhli Ardhian Syukri(1110313035)

1.

Terminology
1. Ambiguous genitalia : a birth defect of the sex organs that makes it unclear whether an affected newborn is a girl or boy 2. Undescended testes : a congenital condition characterized by testicles that do not extend to the scrotum 3. Bifid Scrotum: scrotum splitting up into two 4. Microphallus : a stretched penile length of less than normal 5. Chordae: fibrous tissue that surrounds the meatus to the penis glans

6. Hypospadia : a birth defect in which the opening of the urethra, which is normally found on the tip of the penis, is located instead on its underside. 7. Chromosome analysis : microscopic examination of chromosomes in dividing cells 8. Genitography : the radiography of the urogenital sinus and internal duct structures after injection of a contrast medium through the opening of the sinus 9. Sex of rearing: a foster parent to the child's sex

Problem Identification
1. Why can happen ambiguous genitalia and undescended testis? 2. Why doctors recommend delaying sex determination? 3. What causes Ambi squat when urinating? 4. Why doctors ask about a history of birth? 5. How is the interpretation of urogenital examination? 6. What is the purpose of the initial actions performed by a doctor? 7. Whether ambi could have normal genit alia after treatment 8. What will happen if Ambi not treated?

Problem Analysis
1. Why can happen ambiguous genitalia and undescended testis? Ambiguous genitalia can develop if the process that causes fetal tissue to become "male" or "female" is disrupted. The genitalia makes it difficult to easily identify the infant as male or female. For example, an enlarged clitoris that looks like a small penis. The labia may be fused and look like a scrotum

 It's not known exactly what causes undescended testicles, but they are thought to occur if something disrupts the normal development of the testicles. The descent of the testicles is a complex process that is influenced by a number of factors, including certain hormones and the pressure within the abdomen. If there are any problems affecting these, there is a risk of the testicle not descending.

2. Why doctors recommend delaying sex determination? Because in some cases, undescended testes at birth can decrease spontaneously into the scrotum without any intervention in the first year of birth. 3. What causes Ambi squat when urinating? Because the meatus uretra externa is not located at the end of the penis, but at the base of the penis. 4. Why doctors ask about a history of birth? Because there are several things that increase the risk of undescended testis, include low birth weight, being born prematurely, having a family history of undescended testicles.

5. How is the interpretation of urogenital examination? The scrotum bifida, scrotum splitting up into two so make it doubts with the labia majora There is chordae, which is both exciting scarring and wrinkles surrounding tissues so the penis bends to the ventral. Not palpable gonads at the left skrotum, there is an interruption in gonad at the left so that only the right testis that descend into the scrotum. 6. What is the purpose of the initial actions performed by a doctor? Chromosome analysis to look at the composition of chromosomes and sex determination and genitography to see the visualization of the urogenital tract.

7. Whether ambi could have normal genit alia after treatment? Yes, she can. The treatment should be done at the time of pre-school. 8. What will happen if Ambi not treated? Undescended testes remain in the abdominal cavity. The temperature in the abdominal cavity 1C higher than the temperature in the scrotum. The testicles that are always exposed to higher temperatures can damage cells and testicular changes in the direction of malignancy.

Scheme

Learning Objective
Students are able to describe: 1) Epidemiology of congenital anomalies in the urogenital system 2) The etiology and risk factors of congenital abnormalities in the urogenital system 3) Pathophysiology and pathogenesis of congenital anomalies in the urogenital system 4) The clinical manifestations of congenital abnormalities in the urogenital system 5) Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of congenital anomalies in the urogenital system 6) Management of congenital abnormalities in the urogenital system 7) Complications and prognosis of congenital anomalies in the urogenital system