Rail Traffic Control

Metro Rail Transit

services commuters of EDSA

Light Rail Transit

services commuters of Taft Avenue-Rizal Avenue and Ramon Magsaysay BlvdAurora Blvd.

Rail Traffic Control

RAIL TRAFFIC CONTROL
Block Signal Control System- are commonly used safety devices on rail trains. Their purpose is to warn train operators of the presence of the other trains and other hazards such as broken rails

Conventional Block Signal- Control System- for non electrified lines consists of a series of blocks- track sections of about 0.8 to 3.2 km in length which are electrically insulated from each other.

In version used by most freight systems, information on the positions of trains and the conditions of switches is displayed by means of moving lights on a board at some central location.

Air Traffic Control

The primary purpose of this is to prevent conflicts between aircraft, but also routes aircraft around adverse weather, manages traffic to reduce congestion at key airports and aids pilots in the precise navigation required on approaches to runways. 1920s Air navigation and traffic control are controlled and was governed through International Agreement s.

Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)- it controls the air navigation and traffic in the United States. Very High frequency Omni range (VOR) Sends out directional signals in 1 increments. Often combined with distance measuring equipment (DME), which allows pilots to determine the distance from their position to the stations or with a combined azimuth distance measuring system known as Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN).

VORTAC- Station combining VOR and TACAN Long Range Aerial Navigation (LORAN)- it provides continuous information for the pilots over water.

On runway the conventional navigation system is the instrumental landing System (ILS) it consists of a localizer signal in a vertical plane along the extended centerline of the runway, a glide slope signal , and three marker signals, which indicate distance from the runway. Two Sets of Flight Rules 1. Visual Flight Rules (VFR) - are used in less crowded airspace when visibility is good. 2. Instrument Flight Rules (IFR)- are originally intended for bad weather conditions, but have since been extended permanently to certain types of airspace.

For Purpose of Control air Space are divided into six Classes Class A- Airspace from 5,500 m from Mean Sea Level (MSL) Class B Terminal Control Areas Visual Flight Rules Class C Air Space Radar Service Areas Class D- Control Zones or the Airport traffic Areas Class E- Air Space from 4, 400 MSL Can be used by any General Aviation flights. Continental Control Zone Class G- Uncontrolled air Space