Basic

Biological
Safety
or Why I Cant Drink My Coffee While

Playing With Bacteria

Frank A. Cantone, Ph.D., CBSP Biological Safety Officer

Environmental Health & Safety

Biohazard
An agent of biological origin that has the capacity to affect the health of humans, animals, and or plants . Included are:
Microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites Toxins Human blood and products Infected animals and tissues Recombinant products Allergens

Goals of Biological Safety

Protect students/employees from acquiring workrelated infectious diseases Prevent contamination of the environment Provide guidance and principles for the safe use of biohazardous materials and infectious agents

Chain of Infection
Practices/Equipment Reservoir and concentration of infectious agent Portal of escape Transmission

PPE Incubation Susceptible host Route of entry/ infectious dose

Immunization/Preventive Therapy

Risk Assessment

Conservative approach, Universal Precautions

Identity and pathogenicity of the agent

disease

incidence and severity agent stability origin

Route of transmission- aerosol, percutaneous, ingestion, contact

Risk Assessment

Concentration and infectious dose

host-pathogen interaction

activity/volume

Availability of treatment and/or preventative measures

vaccines, antibiotics medical surveillance

Experience, skill, and condition of lab personnel

immune status

ENGRI 1310 Risk Assessment

C6 rat astroglial cell line. Non infectious. Low risk. Cell lines pose low risk. Any potential viral or other pathogenic risk factors would be subcultured out. Primary cells (cells extracted directly from an organ) carry the highest risk since they could have existing viruses and pathogens Cell lines from non-primate sources have lower risk factors. Handle as a Biosafety Level 2 material.

BME 3020 Risk Assessment

C6 rat astroglial cell line. Non infectious. Low risk. Handle under Biosafety Level 2 requirements. Human HeLa cells. Risk increases with human cell lines, however, still low noninfectious. Handle under Biosafety Level 2 requirements Human Neutrophils. Will be handled by instructional staff that has been trained in handling blood borne pathogens. Biosafety Level 2

BME 4020 Risk Assessment

Crawfish Low risk level. Biosafety level 1 Handle as you would handle any meat product in your home. However, we will handle as a Biosafety level 2 material. Pancreatic cells (mammalian-hamster). Low risk level. Handle under Biosafety level 2 requirements

Hazard Management

Biosafety Level 1 (BSL1) Agents not ordinarily associated with disease Basic level of containment Standard microbiological practices No special primary or secondary barriers

Hazard Management
BSL2
Indigenous,

moderate-risk agents Percutaneous, ingestion, or mucous membrane exposures BSL1 practice plus: Signage Sharps precautions Biological safety cabinet if splash or aerosol hazard Personal protective equipment as needed

Laboratory Practices & Techniques

Standard laboratory practices

DO NOT eat, drink, smoke, apply cosmetics or handle contact lenses in work areas Avoid contact with mucous membranes Use mechanical devices when pipetting Use designated refrigerators to store food or beverages

Laboratory Practices & Techniques

Handwashing
Every time you remove gloves, handle infectious material Ordinary soap OK Waterless antiseptic hand cleanser OK

Laboratory Practices & Techniques

Decontaminate work surfaces

Selection

Degree of microbial killing required Nature of item/ surface to be treated Safety, ease of use, and cost Type and number of organism Amount of organic material present Type and concentration of germicide Time, environmental conditions

Efficacy

Personal Protective Equipment

Use of PPE

Appropriate for the task

gloves, masks, eyewear, and impervious gowns for splash hazards

Use each time you perform task If damaged or contaminated, remove as soon as possible Remove all PPE before leaving workplace

Disposal of Regulated Medical Waste

Segregation of RMW into:

red biohazard bags

sharps containers

treated liquid waste- sanitary sewer

BME 1310, 3020, 4020 Labs

Crawfish, C6, HIT pancreatic cells, HeLa Gloves to be worn at all times when handling tissue or cells. All solid material in contact with cells to be disposed of in red biohazard bags. Liquid waste should be placed in bleach containers Clean all surfaces with 70% ethanol