TRANSFORMER OILS

Pemantauan dan interpretasi DGA dalam pemeliharaan transformator

PT.ADIKARI WISESA INDONESIA

Jl. Pemuda No 61 Kav. 19 Jakarta Timur 13210 Telp : 021-47864302 support@extreme-maintenance.com

PENDAHULUAN

FUNGSI MINYAK TRAFO - Insulasi - Pendingin - Peredam busur api - Pelarut gas gas

DGA (Analisis Gas Terlarut)

Suatu metoda uji untuk mengetahui gas terlarut dalam minyak trafo pada trafo yang sedang beroperasi.

- Sebagai alat untuk deteksi dini - Memperkirakan kondisi operasi trafo

TDCG
Total dissolved combustible gas

Gas yang timbul pada operasional trafo - H2, CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, CO - CO2 (bukan combustible gas) Akibat dari degradasi isolasi minyak dan isolasi kertas Gas Kromatografi : alat untuk menguji TDCG

Diagnosa trafo menggunakan TDCG

Status Kondisi 1 TDCG (ppm) 720 Indikasi
Operasi trafo memuaskan

Kondisi 2
Kondisi 3

721 1920
1.921 4630

TDCG normal, fault mungkin ada. Resampling dan hitung rate TDCG / hari
Dekomposisi tingkat tinggi isolasi minyak/ kertas, fault mungkin ada. Resampling dan hitung rate TDCG/ hari Dekomposisi minyak/ kertas berlebihan. Kemungkinan akan terjadi Failure bila meneruskan operasi trafo

Kondisi 4

> 4.630

Sumber : IEEE C-57-104-1991

Action Based
Sumber : IEEE C-57-104-1991

Kondi TDCG si ppm < 720 1

2 3 4
721 1920 1921 4630 > 4630

Rate
ppm/day
< 10 10 -30 > 30 < 10 10 -30 > 30 < 10 10 -30 > 30 < 10 10 -30 > 30

Sampling interval
Setiap tahun 3 bulanan bulanan 3 bulanan bulanan bulanan bulanan mingguan mingguan mingguan harian harian

Action
- Kontinyu normal operasi
- Hati-hati ,cek individu gas
-Hati-hati

gas

,cek individu

-Kondisi

Extrim, Cek individu gas, hubungi pabrikan

Extrim,Cek individu gas, hubungi pabrikan

-Kondisi

- Pertimbangkan keluar dari sist em, hubungi pabrikan

Dissolved Key Gas Concentration limit (ppm)

Sumber : IEEE C-57-104-1991

Kon disi 1

H2

CH4

C2H2

C2H4

C2H6

CO

CO2

TDCG

100

120

35

50

65

350

2500

720

101700

121400

35 50

51100

66 100

351 570

25014000

721 1920

701 1800
>1800

401 1000
>1000

51 80
>80

101 150
>200

101 150
>150

571 1400
>1400

4001 10000
>10000

1921 4630
>4630

FAULT TYPES
Key Gases Possible Faults Possible Findings

H2, possible trace of CH4 and C2H6. Possible CO. H2, CH4, (some CO if discharges Involve paper insulation). Possible trace amounts of C2H6. H2, CH4, C2 H6, C2H4, and the key gas for arcing C2H2 will be present perhaps in large amounts. If C2 H2 is being generated, arcing is still going on. CO will be present if paper is being heated. H2, CO.

Partial discharges (corona) Low energy discharges (sparking). (May be static discharges) High energy discharges (arcing)

Weakened insulation from aging and electrical stress. Pinhole punctures in paper Insulation with carbon and carbon tracking. Possible carbon particles in oil. Possible loose shield, poor grounding of metal objects Metal fusion, (poor contacts in tap changer or lead connections). Weakened insulation, from aging and electrical stress. Carbonized oil. Paper destruction if it is in the arc path or overheated. Discoloration of paper insulation. Overloading and or cooling problem. Bad connection in leads or tapchanger. Stray current path and/or stray magnetic flux.

Thermal fault less than 300 C in an area close to paper insulation (paper is being heated). Thermal fault between 300 C and 700 C High energy electrical arcing 700 C and above.

H2, CO, CH4, C2H6, C2 H4.

Paper insulation destroyed. Oil heavily carbonized. Same as above with metal discoloration. Arcing may have caused a thermal fault.

All the above gases and acetylene in large amounts.

Sampling DGA

Example of a Reclamation transformer DGA: Example 1 Hydrogen (H2) 9 ppm Methane (CH4) 60 Ethane (C2H6) 53 Ethylene (C2H4) 368 Acetylene (C2H2) 3 Carbon Monoxide (CO) 7 Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 361 Nitrogen (N2) 86,027 Oxygen (O2) 1,177 TDCG 500

Rogers Ratio Analysis Code C2H2/C2H4 = 3/368 = 0.00815

CH4/H2 = 60/9 = 6.7

C2H4/C2H6 = 368/53 = 6.9 This code combination is Case 8 in table 4, which indicates this transformer has a thermal fault hotter than 700 C.

0 2 2

Sampling DGA

Power supply RS-232 Cable

Laptop computer (optional)

Getting an oil sample from the field:

Syringe must be filled so that metering pin is completely outside of syringe cap.