Pengantar Teknologi Informasi

Introduction to
Computers
and
Networks
DATA – KOMPUTER - INFORMASI

DATA

Aplikasi Komputer
Informasi Hasil Analisis
 What is Data ?
Data merupakan kumpulan/himpunan
fakta dari suatu obyek

Fakta yang mungkin dikumpulkan

• Nama pohon
• Jenis pohon
• Umur pohon
• Jumlah produksi
• Harga per kilogram dipasaran, dll
 What is Data ?
Fakta dari sebuah obyek jumlahnya
tak terhingga, shg umumnya tidak
mungkin semua fakta yg ada
dapat terkumpul
Fakta yang mungkin dikumpulkan
• Data Personal
Nama, jenis kelamin, tgl lahir,
alamat, No Telp
• Riwayat Pendidikan
Jenjang studi, thn masuk, thn lulus,
nama institusi pendidikan
 What is Data ?

Untuk menggambarkan realita, kita

hrs mendefinisikan satu set data yg
dpt mewakili situasi yg
sesungguhnya
• Fakta 1
• Fakta 2

?
• Fakta 3
• Fakta 4
• Fakta 5
• Fakta 6
• Fakta 7
 What is Data ?
Hanya data yg dibutuhkan saja yg
diolah dalam sebuah aplikasi
komputer
Contoh: Aplikasi Stok Barang

Jenis Barang

Harga Beli

Kwantitas
Distributor App. Stok Barang
Hanya data yg relevan dng aplikasi saja yg digunakan
Information System

A system is a group of connected entities and

activities which interact for a common
purpose
An information system is a set of processes,
executed on raw data, to produce information
that will be useful in decision making

Sistem
Database Informasi
Informasi

Pengambilan Keputusan
What Is a Computer?

How is a computer defined?

 Electronic device operating under the control of
instructions stored in its own memory

Processes data into

Accepts data information
Raw facts, figures, and
Data that is organized,
symbols
meaningful, and useful

Produces and stores results

What Is a Computer?
What is the information processing cycle?
 Input
 Process
 Output
 Storage
 Communication
The Components of a Computer
What is an input device?
 Hardware used
to enter data
and instructions
The Components of a Computer
What is an output device?

 Hardware that
conveys
information
to a user
The Components of a Computer
What is the system unit?
 Box-like case
containing
electronic
components
used to process
data
The Components of a Computer
What are two main components on the motherboard?

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Also called a processor
Carries out instructions that tell computer what to do

Memory
Temporary holding place for data and instructions
The Components of a Computer
What is storage?
 Holds data, instructions, and information
for future use

Storage
Storagemedia
media
Physical
Physicalmaterial
materialon
onwhich
whichdata,
data,instructions,
instructions,
and
andinformation
informationare
arestored
stored

Storage
Storagedevice
device
Records
Recordsand
andretrieves
retrievesitems
itemstotoand
andfrom
from
aastorage
storagemedium
medium
Why Is a Computer So Powerful?
What makes a computer powerful?

Reliability
Storage and Speed
Consistency

Accuracy Communications
Networks and the Internet
What is a network?
 Collection of computers and devices connected together

Communications
Communications
Device Communications
Communications
Device Media
Media
Enables Satellites
Enablesaa Cables
connection
connection Telephone Cellular
between
between lines radio
computers
computers
One type is
a modem
Networks and the Internet
What is a server?
 Manages the
resources on
a network
 A client accesses
the resources
on the server
Networks and the Internet
What is the Internet?
 Worldwide collection of networks that connects
millions of computers
Categories of Computers

What are the categories of computers?

Personal computers (desktop)

Mobile computers
and mobile devices

Midrange servers

Mainframe computers

Supercomputers
Servers
What types of servers are there?
Midrange server Powerful, large
computer that supports up to a few
thousand computers

Mainframe Very powerful,

expensive computer that supports
thousands of computers

Supercomputer The fastest, most

powerful, most expensive
computer. Used for applications
requiring complex mathematical
calculations
Computer Applications in
Society
What are some examples
of computer applications
in society?
 Education
 Finance
 Government
 Healthcare
 Science
 Publishing
 Travel
 Industry