Intercultural Education

- A dynamic perspective that spreads over education as a whole, which teaches knowing and appreciating the differences between individuals - A response to the challenge of providing Education for All (EFA) in response to UDHR in 1948

Intercultural Education
- As a learning process that addresses human rights, it is focused on changing the negative preconceived knowledge of people against another cultural group; rejecting all forms of discrimination and encouraging full participation among all groups

Reasons for Teaching IE

- One, it celebrates and recognizes that diversity in all facets of human life is a basic reality of humanity

Reasons for Teaching IE

- Two, it fights all forms of discrimination and advocates genuine equality, justice, human rights, as well as equitable and just learning environment

Reasons for Teaching IE

- Three, it encourages cultural sensitivity and positive communication among students of diversity especially acting in culturally tolerant ways

Reasons for Teaching IE

- Four, it empowers one to be culturally adept by actively participating in the social interaction with a feeling of pride of his own identity and cultural group

Language and Culture

- Language and culture is inseparable. Language is part of every culture, a product of culture while culture is understood through the use of language.

Intercultural Communication
- It studies cultural variation in communicative interaction and interpersonal relationships among peoples of diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds, with the endview of developing and improving relationships

Intercultural vs. Cross-cultural

Cross-cultural - There is emphasis on the study of language and situations where people from different cultural background interacts.

Dimensions of Intercultural Communication

- Perception of time (chronemics) - Perception of space (proxemics) and haptics - Verbal communication - Non-verbal communication - Cultural style, norms, and etiquette

Chronemics
- The value given by members of culture to the passage of time
- Past-oriented culture - Present-oriented culture - Future-oriented culture

Chronemics
- The way individuals observe, organize, and respond to time is a potent tool in the communication process
- Punctuality and patience

Chronemics
Monochromic time schedule - Activities are structured, planned and fixed, thus, can be organized, synchronized and quantified
- Monochrons

Chronemics
Polychromic time schedule - Activities are done without planning and without exact time in doing things. Time is continuous, cyclical and infinitively flowing
- Polychrons

Proxemics and Haptics

Proxemics - The ways of relating to space and territory in interpersonal relationships across cultures

Proxemics and Haptics Haptics - The study of touching in the process of communication or the means of communication through touch

Proxemics and Haptics Haptics - Handshake - Embrace - Kiss in greeting

Verbal Communication The way an individual communicates fundamentally stems from his or her culture.

Verbal Communication A person can learn and adopt more than one culture or a combination of cultures, but communication is a product of culture.

Different Types of Communication

Direct vs. Indirect Restrained vs. Expresive

Direct Speech The language used is precise or explicit and the speaker says what he/she means and means what he/she says.

Indirect Speech The language uses roundabout statements, metaphors, and analogies. It utilizes hints on what one means, and relies on the receivers inference to clarify misunderstanding.

Restrained Communication It occurs when real emotions are concealed for the purpose of maintaining good interpersonal relationship.

Restrained Communication Filipinos believes in what we call Smooth Interpersonal Relationships (SIR), i.e. Utang na Loob.

Restrained Communication Filipinos believes in what we call Smooth Interpersonal Relationships (SIR), not hurting the feelings of others by conformity to the majority.

Expressive Communication It occurs when there is straightforward and precise use of words and much use of body language.

Non-verbal Communication Actions speak louder than words. They determine the senders emotions, attitudes, feelings and thoughts through movements.

Culture style, norm, and etiquette

Norms and etiquette are culture-bound or culture specific.

Eight Basic Behaviors for Intercultural Competence

Display of Respect Emotional Expression Orientation of Knowledge

Tolerance for Ambiguity

Basic Behaviors

Empathy

Relational Role Behavior Task Role Behavior

Interaction Management

Barriers to Intercultural Communication Anxiety Assuming similarity instead of difference Ethnocentrism Stereotype and Prejudice Non-verbal misinterpretation Language