Tomislav Skrai, MA

Undergraduate English Course for MARINE ENGINEERS

3nd Semester
Essential reading:
SPINI, A., PRITCHARD, B., An English Textbook For Marine Engineers 2., Pomorski fakultet, Rijeka 2009. LUZER, J., SPINI, A., Gramatika vjebenica engleskog jezika za pomorce, Pomorski fakultet, Rijeka 2003.

Lesson 3 Connecting Rods

Lesson 3 Connecting Rods

KEY WORDS piston rod - klipnjaa, stapajica connecting rod - ojnica: kod crosshead engine gdje su povezani piston rod crosshead connecting rod crankshaft connecting rod - klipnjaa, stapajica: kod trunk piston engine gdje je njome direktno povezan piston crankshaft crosshead (n.) - krina glava in essence - u biti, u sutini thrust (n.) - potisak, poriv channel section - U-profil I-section - I-profil "marine" type design - ojnica s "brodskom" izvedbom donje glave, tj. leaj u dvodjelnom kuitu privrenom za petu ojnice fixed centre design - ojnica s fiksnim sreditem

Lesson 3 Connecting Rods

KEY WORDS

"crankpin end" - glava leteeg leaja = big end bearing bolted - spojen vijcima rod shank - tijelo ojnice rod foot - peta ojnice distant piece - podloka, distancioni element (npr. "shim") shim (n.) - podlona ploica, podloak za reguliranje zranosti top dead centre (TDC) - gornja mrtva toka (GMT) thickness (n.) - debljina compression ratio - omjer kompresije clearance (n.) - zranost, razmak piston (n.) - klip, stap trunk piston - klip (s produenim platem kod motora bez krine glave)

Lesson 3 Connecting Rods

KEY WORDS bearing metal groove (n.) bush (n.) bushing (n.) interference (n) fit (n.) fit (v.) rod eye bored bore (n.) - leajni metal - lijeb, utor, kanal - klipna oica, stapna oica, bukola - rupa, otvor za osovinicu. "Bolcen" ulazi u bushing. - rupice koje se nalaze i na bukoli i na osovinici moraju se poklopiti radi podmazivanja - pristajanje, prijanjanje - postaviti, podesiti, ugraditi "it fits perfectly" - oko ojnice - izdubljen - provrt, otvor, kalibar

Lesson 3 Connecting Rods The connecting rod connects the crankshaft directly to the piston or, as in some other designs, to the crosshead. It is a running component connecting the crankshaft to the piston (in trunk piston engines) or to the crosshead (in crosshead engines). It has both linear (reciprocating, up-and-down) and rotational (rotary) motion.

Connecting Rods

The connecting rod does this important task of converting reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion of the crankshaft. It consists of an upper forked section which fits on the crosshead bearings while the lower part fits on the crankpin bearing.

Connecting Rods
1. DEFINITION A running component connecting the crankshaft to the piston (in trunk piston engines) or to the crosshead (in crosshead engines). It has both linear (reciprocating, up-and-down) and rotational (rotary) motion. 2. FUNCTION Primary function: to transmit the push (pressure, thrust) of the piston to the crankshaft, either directly or indirectly. Secondary function: (in most designs) to convey cooling oil to the pistons which demands for a quite a large diameter passage.

Connecting Rods
TYPES a) Marine type: The large end bearing is seperate from

the rod which has a palm end (T-shaped end)

b) Fixed centre design: The upper half of the crankpin box makes part of of the connecting rod.

c) Fork and blade type: Vee engine connecting rods.

d) Articular type: Vee engine connecting rods.

Types of Connecting Rods MARINE DESIGN

In the marine type design the rod large end, called crankpin end, consists of a separate bearing housing (or box) divided in two parts, bolted to a foot on the rod shank. A distance piece, known as compression plate or shim, is interposed between the foot and the box to permit the piston to be moved nearer to or farther from the cylinder head at top dead centre. Its thickness is chosen so as to ensure correct compression ratio.

Types of Connecting Rods MARINE DESIGN

Types of Connecting Rods MARINE DESIGN

Types of Connecting Rods FIXED CENTRE

The simpler construction of the fixed centre rod does not have this adjustment and relies on accuracy to ensure correct clearances. With a few exceptions medium speed diesel engines have trunk pistons with the result that pistons and connecting rods have to be fitted together before being assembled into the cylinder. The methods of assembly and overhaul tend to influence the design of the large end.

Connecting Rods

Exercise 1 Complete the sentences:

The connecting rod does the important task of ____________ . It consists of an upper forked section which fits on ____________ while the lower part fits on ____________ .

Connecting Rods

Exercise 2 Complete the sentences:

The connecting rod connects the crankshaft directly ____________ or, as in some other designs, to ____________ . It connects the crankshaft to the piston (in ____________ piston engines) or to the crosshead (in ____________ engines). It has two motions: ____________ (reciprocating, upand-down) and _____________ motion.

Connecting Rods

Exercise 3 Complete the sentences:

In the marine type design the rod large end, called crankpin end, consists of a ____________ divided in two parts, bolted to a foot on the rod shank. A distance piece, known as ____________ or shim, is interposed between the ____________ and the box to ____________ the piston to be moved nearer to or farther from the cylinder head at ____________. Its thickness is chosen so as to ensure correct compression ____________.

Connecting Rods

Exercise 4 Complete the sentences:

The simpler construction of the fixed centre rod does not have this adjustment and relies on accuracy to ensure ____________ . With a few exceptions medium speed diesel engines have trunk pistons with the result that pistons and connecting rods have to be fitted together before ____________ . The methods of assembly and ____________ tend to influence the design of the large end.

Connecting Rods

Exercise 5 Complete the sentences:

The primary function of the connecting rod is to transmit _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , either directly or indirectly. Its secondary function is to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , which demands for a quite a large ____________ passage.