COMMUNICATING WITHIN ORGANIZATIONS

Communication

The process of exchanging information by the use of words, letters, symbols, or nonverbal behavior.

ENCODING

COMMUNICATION MEDIA

DECODING

ENCODING

The process of organizing ideas into a series of symbols designed to communicate with the receiver.

DECODING

The Communication stage in which the receiver interprets the message and translates it into meaningful information

FEEDBACK

The communication stage in which the receiver responds to the senders message.

NOISE

These are the unwanted interferences that can distort or block a message.

NONVERBAL COMMUNICATIONS
Hand and Body Gestures Facial Expressions and Movement Posture Body Placement Voice Quality Clothing

ORGANIZATIONAL CHANNELS AND DIRECTIONS OFCOMMUNICATION

FORMAL COMMUNICATION CHANNELS

The official pathways for sending information inside and outside an organization.

INFORMAL COMMUNICATION CHANNELS

An unofficial network that supplements the formal channels in an organization.

CAPITALIZING ON INFORMAL NETWORKS

Focus on issues important to the organization Establish community goals and deliverables Provide real governance Set high management expectations

GRAPEVINE

Informal means by which information is transmitted in organizations. Tangled pathways that can distort information.

GOSSIP

Fueled by the need of affiliation and helps people bond

Usually spread by word of mouth.

RUMOR

False rumors can be disruptive to morale and productivity and can create employee stress. Rumors can be combated by enhancing formal communication.

COMMUNICATION NETWORK

A pattern or flow of messages that traces the communication from start to finish. Downward Communication Upward Communication

Four Approaches:
Open-door policy Town hall meetings Complaint program and Hotlines Blogs

Horizontal Communication Diagonal Communication

Learning Organization

An organization that is skilled at creating, acquiring, and transferring knowledge.

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

The ways and means by which a company leverages is knowledge resources to generate business value.

BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION
Low Motivation and Interest Inappropriate Language Defensive Communication Insufficient nonverbal communication Information overload Poor communication skills Electronic communication problems

OVERCOMING COMMUNICATION BARRIERS

Understand the receiver Communicate assertively and directly Use two-way communication and ask for clarification Elicit Verbal and Nonverbal feedback Enhance listening skills Unite with a common vocabulary Be sensitive for cultural differences Engage in metacommunication

HOW TO CONDUCT AN EFFECTIVE MEETING

Meet only for valid reasons. Start and stop on time, and offer refreshments. Keep comments brief and to the point Avoid electronic distractions Capitalize on technology when appropriate

HOW TO CONDUCT AN EFFECTIVE MEETING

Encourage critical feedback and commentary. Strive for wide participation. Solve small issues ahead of time with e-mail. Consider huddling when quick action is needed. Ensure that all follow-up action is assigned and recorded.

ORGANIZATIONALPOLITICS

Informal approaches to gaining power or other advantage through means other than merit or luck.

USEFUL AND RELATIVELY TACTICS

Develop power contacts. Be courteous, pleasant, and positive. Create a positive image. Ask satisfied customers to contact your boss. Be politically correct. Send Thank-You notes to large number of people.

UNETHICAL POLITICAL TACTICS

Backstabbing. Setting up someone to fail. Playing territorial games. Being unpredictable.

DONE