HOW PURE IS THE POWER BEING USED WITH

OUT ANY ABNORMALITIES

WAVE SHAPE SHOULD BESAME THROUGH OUT

THE ELECTRIC NETWORK

WITH OUT ANY SAGS SURGES SPIKES AND P

OWERFAILURES

 DUE TO THE MANNER WHICH IT IS CONSUMED

INDUSTRIAL ,DOMESTIC & COMMERSIAL

FACILITIES HAVE COMPLETELY CHANGED THE NATURE &PROFILE

HIGH FREQUENCY COMPONENTS CALLED

HARMONICS

 Types:

Less then fundamental (sub harmonics) Greater than fundamental Multiple of fundamental harmonics i.e. odd & even Non-multiple of fundamental (Inter harmonics)
Nature of Occurrence :
Steady Intermittent

 Switched mode power supplies (SMPS)

Electronic fluorescent lighting ballets

Variable speed drive Uninterrupted power supply (UPS)

Magnetic cored devices.

Power converters and rectifiers Electric arc furnaces and welders

Induction furnace Transformer magnetization non-linearity

 Communication noise.
Light flickers T.V. interference

Computer mal-operation
Transformer noise Reduction of equipment life

Increased cost

 Improvement in power factor is basically done by

capacitors. The amplification of harmonics by capacitors is caused by the electrical phenomenon of Resonance. Elimination of capacitance is impossible, as it would reduce PF below acceptable limits.

Harmonic pollution causes a number of problems. A first effect is the increase of RMS value and the peak value of distorted waveform.

All fuses may blow and capacitors may get damaged. KWH meters may get fault readings. The winding and iron losses of motors increase

 In order to improve power factor without causing

harmonic amplification, harmonic filters are to be used. which are specially designed to improve power factor and suppress harmonic amplification.

 Active filters are a relatively new technology and overcome

the disadvantages of passive filters. They make use of IGBT semiconductors with various control loops to increase power factor They reduces harmonics, thereby reducing ,amperage, KVA, circulating currents, harmonic resonance, line voltage imbalance and closed delta-winding losses. The active filter measures the harmonic currents and generates actively a harmonic current spectrum in opposite phase to the original distorting current that was measured. The original harmonics are thereby cancelled.

 The compensating currents created by a 3 phase

Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) inverter We use IGBT because they offer high switching frequencies that allow the generation of high frequency harmonic currents, and relatively low on state losses when compared to MOSFETs. The PWM reactors transform voltage source inverter into current source Finally the output filter absorbs the high frequency components introduced by the PWM switching action.

Reduced energy costs Elimination of higher and lower order harmonics Improve load power factor Voltage improvement and stability Surge and transient protection Reduce voltage unbalance Reduce power line losses.

Considering all the above facts, . These days when industrial efficiency standards

are being continuously improved, the concept of power quality management is going to play a very significant role in the near future.
So, new ideas should be improved in power quality

management also

THANQ

QUERIESSSS