Partial coverage and intracoronal restorations

Partial coverage restoration is an extra-coronal restoration that covers only part of the clinical crown. Partial veneer can be used as a single tooth restoration or it may serve as a retainer for short span fixed partial denture. Partial veneer can be used on both anterior and posterior teeth.

Partial veneer restoration is indicated in cases of: 1. Good oral hygiene and low caries index. 2. Long normal, bulky mesio-distally and labio-lingually abutment to accommodate the necessary retentive features.

3.

Whenever esthetics is needed and the buccal or labial wall is intact and well supported by sound tooth structure.

4. Splint retainers for periodontally involved anterior teeth.

5. Severe lingual abrasion on incisors or canines.

1.

2.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Teeth with short clinical crowns. Thin teeth of restricted labio-lingual dimension. Teeth that are proximally bulbous. Poorly aligned tooth. Bad oral hygiene and high caries index. Retainers for long span bridges. Endodontically treated teeth. Malformed teeth. Teeth with enamel hypoplasia and hypocalcification

Conservation of tooth structure Reduced pulpal and periodontal injury Good accessibility as margins are supragingival Better seating due to escape of cement Better checking and verification due to better visibility Electric pulp testing is possible due to intact buccal wall

Less retention and resistance Difficult preparation that needs operator skill and dexterity Metal display which may be objectionable for patient with high esthetic demands

I. Maxillary posterior preparation

II. Mandibular posterior preparation

1.

2.

Due to morphologic difference between maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth, they require altered preparation design. They differ from maxillary posterior preparations in two aspects: additional retention is required because of the shorter crown lengths of mandibular teeth. The axial surface that is not prepared (buccal) includes the functional cusp bevel.

III. Maxillary molar 7/8 preparation

IV. partial veneer preparation

V. Anterior crown

1. 2.

To improve the retention and resistance forms of the preparations: Cingulum groove. Lingual pin hole.

VI. Pin ledge partial veneer preparation

Pin ledge restoration is a partial coverage restoration that covers lingual, one or both proximal surfaces and takes its retention from pins inserted in prepared pin holes in the palatal surface.

Designs of pin ledge preparations:

1.

Conventional pin ledge design

2. Pin ledge with a proximal slice

3. Pin ledge with a proximal groove

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Additional pin: An extra pin hole can be added cevically to maximize the retention of the pin ledge. Proximal groove modification: Grooves are placed in the reduced proximal surface

2.

Alloys used for partial coverage retainers should be strong, rigid and at the same time exhibit some sort of ductility which gives the alloy the property of burnishability in order to insure proper margin adaptation, seal and adequate fit to the preparation. The most commonly used alloys are type III and type IV gold alloys. High elongation values of type III and IV gold alloys. Relatively low Vickers hardness number.

The unique properties of ceramic materials including bio-compatibility, durability and optical qualities coupled with recent advances in adhesion have resulted in new clinical applications.

Resin-bonded bridges and partial-coverage retainers constructed from new all-ceramic materials have been recently examined and evaluated

Standard recommended preparation for all ceramic restoration is 11-15 degrees taper, rounded internal line angles, rounded proximal boxes with chamfer margins. No bevels must be placed. Occlusal reduction must be at least 1.5 mm.