ibadah comes form the word abd which means obey, to worship, to serve and to enslave oneself. According to Abdul Ala alMaududi: Ibadah or worship is a total surrender to Allah alone, total obedience to Allah alone without any feeling of doubt (keraguan) and follows His divine guidance.
Technically: IbAccording to Syed Qutb:adah or worship is to enslave oneself only To Allah s.w.t
It is important to say that the
whole matters and affairs of human which related to this world or hereafter are included in the dimension of Ibadah * Ibadah is not only limited to solat, fasting, zakat, pilgrimage, but also covers all aspect of life for e.g economy, politics, social, custom, education, administration and so forth. All are done in accordance with the rules and regulation fixed by Allah s.w.t
According to Ibn Taimiyyah: he defines ibadah as a full effort done by men in order to get Allahs willingness
The full effort can be
done through verbal or act (deed) external and internal It does not only limited to the implementation of the pillars of faith and pillars of Islam per se. BUT, the concept of ibadah will also include the implementation of Syariah Islamiah in the whole aspect of life
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SCOPE OF IBADAH
Scope of ibadah in Islam comprises of the whole
which are SPECIFIC IBADAH AND GENERAL IBADAH ( IBADAH KHUSUS & IBADAH UMUM)
Both categories are ordained by Allah s.w.t and it is an
1. SPECIFIC IBADAH
Also known as formal ibadah /worship-act of enslave oneself to Allah directly in order to get His willingness This worship has its own structure, system and regulations fixed by Syara which is complete, precise and perfect. The way on how to perform this ibadah cannot be altered and fiction by human according to his desire and will
the ibadah which included under this category are related with pillars of islam: solat, fasting, zakat, haji and so forth
This kind of ibadah are very pertinent and essential to our faith and life
Therefore, every Muslim which is Mukallaf and fulfill all the conditions/syurut bear a responsibilities to perform these ibadah
SHAHADAH
In relation to aqidah, shahadah is the essential part and as a foundation to human faith
Shahadah can ascertain whether we are Muslim or otherwise. It is a key to enter paradise
TECHNICALLY: shahadah is a specific pronunciation. It is uttered to tell the certain (yaqin) knowledge as to the existence and Oneness of Allah and the truth of Rasul s.a.w and his preach
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Hadis Rasulullah s.a.w: Whoever died and he confess that there is no God to be obeyed except Allah. He would be place in the paradise
Shahadah means; from the root word of syahida: ilmu, explanation (alAlam), declaration or statement (albayan)
Determine the rhythm of entire day-preferable to perform at mosque-H/ever can perform anywhere
No hierarchical authority,No priest-led by learned person who knows the Quran-5 prayers said in Arabic
PRAYERS
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DEFINITION OF SOLAT: Doa or requesting for a welfare and a praise. Refer Surah al-Taubah 9;103: doakanlah ke atas mereka DALIL ON THE OBLIGATION OF SOLAT: Surah al-nisa 4: 103 and perform solat, solat is an obligation for those who have faith
Technically: solat can be defined as some utterance and deeds which begin with takbiratul ihram and end with salam and following all the conditions prescribed
CONDITIONS FOR THE OBLIGATORY (WAJIB)SOLAT:
1. ISLAM- for those who are converted to Islam, no need for them to replace/qadha his solat, fasting and others ibadat
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3. ATTAIN PUBERTY/BALIGH : the age of puberty can be known by certain sign: attain the age of 15, or wet dream or menstruation for girls
4. REACH THE TIME OF SOLAT: no solat prior of reaching the actual time Refer surah alnisa 4: 103
5. Free from haid or nifas: Solat not valid for those woman untill attain purity
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6. AWAKE: Solat not wajib for a sleeping person. Similar rule apply for those who are forgotten. They should replace their solat once they awake 1. Purify from minor and major impurity (hadas). For e.g: Minor hadas: urine, fart and etc. MUST take ablution
Major hadas: sexual intercourse, women in nifas and so forth-It is a duty bound for them to take bath
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2. body, ornaments and place should be clean from filth (najis) Surah alMuddathir 74:4 And Purify your ornaments
3. Proper covering the aurat. Surah al-Araf 7:31 -men aurat: from naval (focal point) till knee -women aurat: The whole body except face and palm. Surah alnur: 31
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PILLARS OF SOLAT
1. Niat
2. Stand up for
those who are ableIf unable, permissible to sit down, lay down or use sign facing kiblat
4. Recitation of Al-Fatihah: obligatory, MUSTSolat NOT VALID without reciting fatihah: HADITH 5. Rukuk & Tamakninah (stop for a while)Hadith 6. Itidal (stand up back) & TamakninahHadith
7. Sujud twice & Tamakninah- limbs of sujud; forehead, nose, both palms, both knees & the tip of leg fingers
9. Tahiyyat akhir
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13. Tertib (wellmannered): the act done in accordance with its turn and arrangement.
12. First recitation of first salam. The first salam is obligatory. While the second salam is sunat (recommendable)
Means: Should be do the first act then followed by the next act
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1. Failure to do one of the pillars of solat 2. Suddenly causing minor or major impurity 3. Hit by najis on the body or ornaments
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4. the aurat accidentally exposed-If it is happened because of wind and she quickly covered it, solat not nullify (batal) 5. Speak intentionally 6. Move more than 3 timesexcept to protect from dangerous things
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Principle in Islam: All thing belongs to Allah-the wealth held by Human being in TRUST
Each Muslims calculated his Zakat individually. Each year 2.5% from capital
ZAKAT
MEANING: purification and growth. Our possessions are purified by set aside certain portion for those in needs. cut balances-encourage new growth.
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ZAKAT
3. DIVISION OF 1. DEFINITON:
literally: develop, to growth, purify, cleanliness, bless from Allah
Technically; specific portion fix by syara in term of its wealth, nisab, and the one who has a right to receive it ZAKAT: divided into two: zakat harta and zakat fitrah
2. DALIL FOR Zakat harta: distribute ZAKAT: refer alcertain amount of baqarah 2:43 And wealth when it reaches nisab (nilainya) to perform solat and specific receiver- Wajib zakat only for RICH person
Zakat fitrah: specific amount of food (m. asasi).wajib to every Muslim
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2. Refer al-taubah 9: 103 Zakat can help the one who has right to receive it. This may lead to justice, peaceful life, harmony among society and country. Baitulmal is the body who responsible to collect zakat property & distribute it with justice
IMPORTANCE OF ZAKAT 3. As a mechanism to be close to Allah s.w.t- zakat as an act to prove our commitment and total surrender to Allah
4. To educate to be thankful to Allah
Most beneficial to the health-principal method of purification of soul MORAL: fasting person gain true sympathy with those hungry
FASTING
First light till sundown-abstain from food, drink & sexual relation
Children go to fast when puberty-sick,elderly,on journey,pregnant,nursing can break the fast-make up on equal number of days later-if unable, pay fidyah
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DALIL ON FASTING: refer ao-baqarah 2: 183-184 means It is an obligatory for you to fast as what has been made an obligation to your previous nation in order to become piety
TYPES OF FASTING:
b) Recommendable fasting ( puasa sunat): Monday and Thursday, 9 th zulhijjah (Arafah ) for those who did not perform haj, during month of syaban, 10 Muharam (Asyura day)
1. MUSLIM
3. BALIGH (PRUDENT)
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Hajjobligatory for physically & financially able to perform PILGRIMAGE Each year2million-opp to different nations meet one another
Begins: in the 12 month of Islamic year. Pilgrims wear special cloth,simple garments-all stand equal b4 Allah Rites of Hajj-circle the Kaabah 7 times, go between mount Safa & Marwah 7 times Stand together at wide plain of Arafa-prayers together-ask forgiveness. Close by Eid al-adha
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