Car Safety: Design & technology

4/15/2014

Paramjeet Singh (AP MRIU)

 Study and practice of design, construction, equipment and regulation to minimize the occurrence and consequences of Automobile accidents Types : Active and passive safety

4/15/2014

Paramjeet Singh (AP MRIU)

Safety equipments
Seatbelts Seatbelt reminder systems Airbags Antilock brake system Alcohol Ignition Interlock Car crumple zones Electronic Stability Control (ESC) or Electronic Stability Program (ESP) Intelligent Speed Adaptation

4/15/2014

Paramjeet Singh (AP MRIU)

Seatbelts and Seatbelt reminder systems

Stopping suddenly imposes a force on all objects in the vehicle Seatbelt distributes that force to strongest parts of the human anatomy Seatbelt reminder system can be installed in dashboards

4/15/2014

Paramjeet Singh (AP MRIU)

Airbag
Located in the centre of the steering wheel and above the glovebox When an airbag deploys in a crash following happens In the 15 to 20 milliseconds after impact, the crash sensors and control unit determine the severity of the collision and decide whether to deploy the airbag. At about 25 milliseconds, the airbag splits its covering pad in predetermined places and begins to inflate rapidly.

4/15/2014

Paramjeet Singh (AP MRIU)

Cont.
At about 45 milliseconds, the bag is fully inflated while the seatbelted occupant is still moving forward. At around 60 milliseconds, the occupant contacts the airbag, which immediately begins to deflate via vent holes in the back. Up to 100 milliseconds, the occupant continues to sink deeply into the airbag, which cushions the head and chest while it is deflating

4/15/2014

Paramjeet Singh (AP MRIU)

Antilock brake system

Prevents vehicles brakes from locking up and putting the vehicle into an uncontrolled skid Got activated when the brakes are applied with force useful in loose or slippery conditions,

4/15/2014

Paramjeet Singh (AP MRIU)

Alcohol Ignition Interlock

A small breath testing device which is fitted to the vehicle Measures breath alcohol level when blown into, allowing driver to drive legally but preventing if driving after drinking

4/15/2014

Paramjeet Singh (AP MRIU)

Tips for better visibility

Check your windshield washer fluid frequently to insure adequate supply Periodically check your wipers and replace the blades if they are split, leave streaks or skip Keep your headlamps clean and in good repair road grime can reduce visibility Wash your mirrors, windshield and windows regularly, both outside and inside Adjust side mirrors out to reflect more of the road and as little of the vehicle as possible Reduce the brightness of the instrument panel many people set this overly bright, which forces their eyes to overcome the glare
4/15/2014 Paramjeet Singh (AP MRIU) 9

Car crumple zones

Areas around the main occupant area of vehicle that are designed to collapse on impact, which reduces the force transmitted to the people inside

4/15/2014

Paramjeet Singh (AP MRIU)

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Electronic Stability Control (ESC) or Electronic Stability Program (ESP)

ESC helps you remain in control or your vehicle when you skid ESC reduces risk of single vehicle crashes by:
correcting impending oversteer or understeer stabilising the vehicle during sudden evasive manoeuvres, e.g. swerving improving handling on gravel and unmade roads improving traction on slippery or icy roads

4/15/2014

Paramjeet Singh (AP MRIU)

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Intelligent Speed Adaptation

Simply the vehicle knows the speed limit Uses GPS satellites and a digital map of speed zones

4/15/2014

Paramjeet Singh (AP MRIU)

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Types of IAP
Advisory This system informs the driver of the current speed limit or that they are exceeding the speed limit via visual or auditory feedback. Supportive This system provides feedback to the driver that they are exceeding the speed limit, through devices such as the accelerator pedal becoming harder to depress when you exceed the speed limit. This system can be overridden by the driver, Limiting This system uses fuel control and/or the direct application of the brakes to limit the maximum speed of vehicles.
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Road safety and environmental benefits by IAP

reduced vehicle speeds reduced speed variation between vehicles potential to mandate or monitor repeat speeding offenders reduced road crashes reduced road fatalities reduced crash severity fuel savings lower vehicle emissions.

4/15/2014

Paramjeet Singh (AP MRIU)

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