MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES

AND PRACTICES

FIRST YEAR / SEMESTER

Management Principles 1
 Definition of Management
• Management :
On expanding : Manage – men – tactfully
Manage – Men – technology
Manage – men – as team
Manage – competencies
Manage – objectives (MBO)
Manage – men and things
(resources – physical, inanimate)
MANAGE – f ( RISKS, REWARDS)

Management Principles 2
• When it comes to manage people, it is
said that “people are enigmatic.”
• Thus, Management is enigmatic.
• Harold Koontz described the present state
of management theory as a “jungle.”

There can be lots of ambiguity and there will

be no recipe book
Management Principles 3
• MANAGEMENT IS A FUNCTION OF :
M = f(RESULTS, FEEDBACK,
RESULTS……)
MANAGING THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL
ENVIRONS IN THE BIO-ECOSYSTEMS,
THROUGH VARIOUS EFFECTIVE AND
EFFICIENT PROCESSES, WITH THE
OBJECTIVE OF ACHIEVING LAID DOWN
EXPECTED RESULTS.

Management Principles 4
 All is PEOPLE RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT
• Why?

Who Created all that is around us:

Except the sun, the moon, air, ocean, sky, stars,
and the first human being and the first
animals/insects
Thereafter the development of clones, artificial
insemination, going on the moon, technological
advancements and moving towards civilization is
all done my people.
Management Principles 5
 Definition of “Management”
• By Griffin:
“A set of management functions directed at
the efficient and effective utilization of
resources in the pursuit of organization
goals.”

Management Principles 6
 Definition….contd….
• By Koontz and Weihrich:
“Management is the process of designing
and maintaining an environment in which
individuals working together in groups,
efficiently accomplish selected aims.”

Management Principles 7
Peter F. Drucker-Father of Modern
Management
• Management is an organ, organs can be
described and defined only through their
functions

Management Principles 8
• The difference between Management Principles
and Management Functions:
• “What should I do (principles) to ensure that I do
my job (functions) with effectiveness and
efficiency.”
• Principles are strategies / processes which
enable the individual to do their functions better
to achieve laid down goals and objectives
• GOALS – qualitative achievements
• Objectives – could have a mix of quantitative
and qualitative

Management Principles 9
 Terry & Franklin…
• Management is a distinct process
consisting of activities of planning,
organizing, actuating, and controlling,
performed to determine and accomplish
stated objectives with the use of human
beings and other resources.”

Management Principles 10
 CONCEPTUAL SKILLS

Top level H
U
TE
M
CH
A
NI
Middle level N
CAL
S
SKI
K
LLS
Supervisory ILL
level/entry
level S

Management Principles 11
 Henry Mintzberg…
• He has categorized these roles into three
groups
interpersonal roles
Informational roles
Decisional roles

Description of each of the roles……

Management Principles 12
 Interpersonal Roles
• A manager serves as a figurehead – a
symbol; as a leader, ie., hires, trains,
encourages, fires, remunerates, judges;
and as a liaison between outside contacts
and the organizational)

Management Principles 13
 Informational roles
• A manager serves as a monitor by
gathering information;
• As a disseminator of information
• As a spokesperson of the organization

Management Principles 14
 Decisional Roles
• A manager serves as an entrepreneur by being:
An initiator
Innovator
Problem discoverer
Designer of improvement projects
As a disturbance handler of unexpected situations
As a resource allocator and
As a negotiator

Management Principles 15
• ALL THE THREE ROLES PUT
TOGETHER IS CALLED AS:

THE MANAGERIAL WORK ACTIVITY

APPROACH

Management Principles 16
• The whole management process is actually an
integration of the work activity (Mintzberg) and
the management functions
• MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS :
Planning, Organization, Co-ordination, motivation,
and control are Universal.
These functions are performed in all organizations
– SMEs, Large, not-for-profit organizations, etc.

Management Principles 17
 Definitions
• Planning : Management functions that involves
the process of defining goals, establishing
strategies for achieving those goals and
developing plans to integrate and coordinate
activities
• Organizing: management function that involves
the process of determining what tasks are to be
done, who is to do them, how the tasks have to
be grouped, who reports to whom, and where
decisions are to be made
Management Principles 18
• Leading : management functions that involves motivating
subordinates, influencing individuals or teams as they
work, selecting the most effective communicating
channels or dealing with any with employee behavior
issues
• Controlling : Management functions that involving
monitoring actual performance, compiling actual to
standard, and taking action if necessary
• Management process : The set of ongoing decisions and
work activities in which managers engage as they plan,
organize, lead and control.

Management Principles 19