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Maintainability is the probability that a failed system will be restored to specified performance within a stated period of time when maintained under specified conditions. Maintainability must be addressed early in the design stage to prevent or reduce failure or down times of the system.
Maintainability is the probability that a failed system will be restored to specified performance within a stated period of time when maintained under specified conditions. Maintainability must be addressed early in the design stage to prevent or reduce failure or down times of the system.
Maintainability is the probability that a failed system will be restored to specified performance within a stated period of time when maintained under specified conditions. Maintainability must be addressed early in the design stage to prevent or reduce failure or down times of the system.
Oleh : M. Abdito, Teuku Gaisha A dan Tommy Novianto Maintainability, Maintainability References Systems Engineering and Analysis Benjamin S. Blanchard and Walter J. Fabrycky Prentice Hall, 3rd edition 1998, ISBN 0-13-135047-1
Maintainability Principles and Practices Benjamin S. Blanchard and E. Edward Lowery McGraw-Hill
MIL-STD-470 Maintainability Programs for Systems and Equipment MIL-STD-471 Maintainability Verification / Demonstration / Evaluation MIL-HDBK-472 Maintainability Prediction
Objective of Maintainability Design and develop systems/equipment which can be maintained in the least time, at the least cost, and with a minimum expenditure of support resources, without adversely affecting the item performance or safety characteristics
Maintainability greatly influences reliability and availability of a system or subsystem.
Maintainability must be addressed early in the design stage to prevent or reduce failure or down times of the system.
Maintenance and Design 1) The systems design determines its requirements for maintenance Reliability (How often maintenance) Configuration (How much time for access) Built in Test (Fault Isolation Time) Subassembly life span (Inspection/forced replacement) Adjustment/alignment requirements (Inspection) Capacity/fill rate (Servicing) Corrosion susceptibility (Inspection/repair)
Maintainability Definitions Maintainability is an inherent design characteristic of a system or product and it pertains to the ease, accuracy, safety, and economy in the performance of maintenance actions.
Maintainability is the probability that a failed system will be restored to specified performance within a stated period of time when maintained under specified conditions Maintainability Metrics Times MTTR : Mean Time to Repair T 5o% : Median Time to Repair T MAX : Maximum Time to Repair (usually 95 th percentile LDT : Logistics Delay Time SDT : Supply Delay Time MDT : Mean Down Time DTM : Down Time for Maintenance DTS : Down Time For Supply Events MTBM : Mean Time Between Maintenance MTTPM : Mean Time to Preventive Maintenance MTBPM : Mean Time Between Preventive Maintenance Manpower CS : Crew Size MMH/FH : Man-hours per flight hour Diagnostics FD : Fault Detection FI : Fault Isolation FA : False Alarms
Total Time Inactive Time Active Time Up Time Not Operating Time Alert Time Inactive Time Down Time Maintenance Time Modification Time Delay Time Corrective Maintenance Time Preventive Maintenance Time Supply Delay Time Administrative Delay Time System Time Relationships Maintenance Categories Maintenance Preventive Maintenance (retain item functionality) Corrective Maintenance (reestablish item functionality) Test of all relevant functions, Inspect to detect hidden failures Service to replace consumables Activities to compensate for drift and to reduce wear out failures Overhaul to increase useful life Time Change Prognostics health management: monitor and repair before failure Failure detection Failure isolation Repair Functional test Maintenance Definitions Maintenance: All actions necessary for retaining an item in, or restoring it to, a serviceable condition Includes servicing, repair, modification, overhaul, inspection, and condition verification
Maintenance categories: 1. Preventive Maintenance Maintenance performed to retain an item in satisfactory operational condition by providing system inspection, detection and prevention of incipient failures, overhaul, lubrication, calibration, etc Prescribe procedures to reduce the probability of failure or degradation
2. Corrective Maintenance Initiated after fault detection To Regain state of system for performing required function
Detection Preparation for Maintenance Location and Isolation Disassembly (Access) Removal of Fault Item Re-assembly Alignment and Adjustment Condition Verification or Repair of Equipment Installation of Spare/Repair Part Failure Occurs Failure Confirmed Active Maintenance Commences Faulty Item Identified Disassembly Complete Re-assembly Complete Repair Completed Corrective Maintenance Cycle
peluang sebuah komponen, sub-sistem atau sistem melakukan fungsinya dengan baik, seperti yang dipersyaratkan, dalam kurun waktu tertentu dan dalam kondisi operasi tertentu pula.
Reliability mengandung komponen peluang, maka secara inheren didalamnya Ada masalah statistik, seperti:
1. Uncertainty 2. Probability 3. Probability Distributions
Namun paling sering berhubungan adalah dengan masalah Probabilitas
Teori teori probabilitas banyak digunakan dalam hubungan Reliability.
Karena mengandung komponen melakukan fungsi dengan baik, maka didalamnya secara inheren pula terdapat faktor kegagalan sistem. Sebab peluang kegagalan dari sebuah mesin (misalnya) adalah kebalikan dari peluang kehandalannya seperti digambarkan dalam ekspresi matematik (cumulative damage/failure distribution function) sbb :
Pf (t) = 1 R(t) atau R(t) = 1 Pf(t)
Jadi jika kehandalan sebuah mesin adalah R =90%, maka peluang kegagalan cumulativenya adalah Pf = 10%, atau sebaliknya.
TIME Berhubungan dengan waktu, alat yang reliability tahun ini belum tentu reliability tahun depan jika ada: mekanisme kerusakan yang beroperasi (operative damage mechanism) dengan laju kerusakan tertentu (misalnya laju korosi atau aus 0.01 mm/year). Reliability Diagram Risk Berbicara reliabilty juga sama artinya dengan berbicara risk (resiko), sebab risk didefiniskan sebagai :
Jadi salah satu komponen risk adalah kebalikan dari reliability (Probability of Failure), oleh sebab itu jika bicara reliability selalu dikaitkan dengan risk. Reliability pada teknik mesin Pada teknik mesin reliability dapat berarti melihat kehandalan sebuah mesin (rotating machine) melakukan fungsinya tanpa mengalami kegagalan. biasanya dikaitkan dengan konsep maintenance seperti MTBF (mean time between failure), atau RCM (Reliability-centered Maintenance) Quality Standar International organization of standardization (ISO) ASME SNI IEEE ITU
Pengertian Kualitas menurut KBBI adalah tingkat baik buruknya sesuatu. Atau kualitas berarti: -Sesuai dengan spesifikasinya -Tidak ada kecacatan -Kepuasan pelanggan
Dimensi Kualitas meliputi: Performance Feature Reliability Conformance Durability Serviceability Aesthetic Perception Biaya Kualitas Control Cost a. Pervention Cost Planning, Review, training, Data, Improvemnt b. Inspection Cost Inspeksi, quality lab Failure Cost a. Internal Failure Cost scrap, rework, retest, downtime b. External Failure Cost Warranty, returns, complaints
Metode Perancanaan Standar Kualitas 1. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) + Dapat memahami kebutuhan pelanggan & proses desain berasal dari kebutuhan pelanggan yang objektif +Mengutamakan kegiatan desain +Mengurangi kegiatan perubahan desain +Menyediakan dasar yang jelas untuk suatu keputusan desain 2. Metode Value Engineering +berorientasi menambah nilai untuk produk atau jasa +Mengurangi modal dan biaya siklus hidup +Berusaha mencapai mutu yang minimal dengan biaya yang semurah mungkin
Metode Kualitas dalam Manajemen Total Quality Management (TQM) -Kepemimpinan & manajerial komitmen -Kemauan tim -Partisipasi suplier -cost of quality -training -statistik -pelayanan konsumen Basic Steps of TQM Create a vision -> Plan an action -> Create a structure -> Measure Progress -> Update plans and vision as appropriate Pertanyaan