100%(1)100% menganggap dokumen ini bermanfaat (1 suara)
247 tayangan14 halaman
The document summarizes a student experiment to determine the pH levels of various soaps, shampoos, and detergents. The students tested samples of shampoos, soaps, and detergents and found that shampoos ranged from acidic to slightly basic, soaps were basic, and detergents were highly basic. They concluded the experiment by noting factors that affect accurate pH readings such as allowing time for reactions and properly calibrating equipment.
The document summarizes a student experiment to determine the pH levels of various soaps, shampoos, and detergents. The students tested samples of shampoos, soaps, and detergents and found that shampoos ranged from acidic to slightly basic, soaps were basic, and detergents were highly basic. They concluded the experiment by noting factors that affect accurate pH readings such as allowing time for reactions and properly calibrating equipment.
The document summarizes a student experiment to determine the pH levels of various soaps, shampoos, and detergents. The students tested samples of shampoos, soaps, and detergents and found that shampoos ranged from acidic to slightly basic, soaps were basic, and detergents were highly basic. They concluded the experiment by noting factors that affect accurate pH readings such as allowing time for reactions and properly calibrating equipment.
HIMASHREE MALLA - 1448 KOMAL AGARWAL- 1044 RITU KONSAM- 12 SAKSHI SINGH- 763 SANGHAMITRA THAKUR-177 WHAT IS pH ? pH is a figure expressing the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a logarithmic scale on which 7 is neutral, lower values are more acidic and higher values are more alkaline. The pH is equal to log10c, where c is the hydrogen ion concentration in moles per litre. What is acidic pH? An acid is a substance that donates hydrogen ions. Because of this, when an acid is dissolved in water, the balance between hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions is shifted. Now there are more hydrogen ions than hydroxyl ions in the solution. This kind of solution is acidic. What is basic pH? A base is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions. When a base is dissolved in water, the balance between hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions shifts the opposite way. Because the base "soaks up" hydrogen ions, the result is a solution with more hydroxyl ions than hydrogen ions. This kind of solution is alkaline. pH INDICATORS Indicators may be used to measure pH, by making use of the fact that their color changes with pH. Visual comparison of the color of a test solution with a standard color chart provides a means to measure pH accurate to the nearest whole number. Universal indicator consists of a mixture of indicators such that there is a continuous color change from about pH 2 to pH 10. Universal indicator paper is made from absorbent paper that has been with universal indicator. Many plants or plant parts contain chemicals from the naturally- colored anthocyanin family of compounds. They are red in acidic solutions and blue in basic. , Litmus used by alchemists in the Middle Ages and still readily available, is a naturally occurring pH indicator made from a mixture of lichen species, particularly Roccella tinctori Hydrangea macrophylla flowers can change color depending on soil acidity.
How to know your soap is ph balanced? Many people believe that a soap with a lower pH is more "mild", but without expensive lab equipment, soap testing is just not accurate enough to give us the precise pH. Instead, we use testing to check that our soaps are within the normal pH of soap. You want your soap to have a pH between 7-10. This is the range that is considered safe to use.
How to know your shampoo is ph balanced? Shampoo is a hair care product used for the removal of oils, dirt, skin particles, dandruff, environmental pollutants and other contaminant particles that gradually build up in hair. The goal is to remove the unwanted build-up without stripping out so much sebum as to make hair unmanageable.
The pH of your shampoo is most important. The beneficial pH range of shampoo is 4.5 to 6.5. A shampoo with a higher pH may strip the hair of its natural oils leaving it frizzy and fly away even after you apply your styling products. You may not mind a little frizz, but when a high pH shampoo leads to fly away and generally unruly hair that usually leads to more manipulation which leads to breakage. How to know your detergent is pH balanced? Todays detergents share the primary chemical makeup of basic soap: oils and alkalis with some critical modifications. Since most dirt is acid, the alkaline in the detergent makes it a good cleaner for common dirt. For detergents to be effective most need to have the proper pH (percentage of hydrogen) which measures acidity and alkalinity. The scale goes from 0 to 14. Seven is halfway and is neutral. It is the balance between acidity and alkalinity. A solution that is acid will read 0-6 on the scale (6 being weaker than 1) and a solution that is alkali will be 8-14 on the scale (8 being weaker than 14). pH is very important in cleaning. Too strong a pH can damage surfaces, remove floor finish, as well as damage or discolor carpet fiber. It also can weaken carpet protectors. SERIAL NO. SHAMPOO pH 1 LOREAL PARIS 6.19 2 CLINIC PLUS 8.01 3 DOVE 8.61 4 SUNSILK 8.19
SERIAL NO. SOAP pH 1 DETTOL 10.86 2 DOVE 10.60 3 LUX 7.91
SERIAL NO. DETERGENT pH 1 TIDE 10.67 2 ARIEL 11.39 3 RIN 11.80 4 SURF EXCEL 10.77 RESULT Ph of shampoos were found to be slightly basic on an average but also acidic in some cases. pH of soaps was found to be basic. pH of detergents was found to be highly basic To get accurate pH readings always remember to: Wait a minute or two after you add an acid or a base to a solution. This will allow the reaction (ions being either donated [acid] or accepted [base]) to complete before you measure. Swirl or mix a solution well before measuring. This will help ensure that the solution is uniform. When using pH test paper/indicator sticks you should also: Make sure to only use paper/sticks that have not been previously wetted. Wait for the color to stop changing (1-2 minutes maximum) before matching the paper/stick to the color key. Do not wait more than 5 minutes after the color has stabilized or it may start to fade and affect the accuracy of your reading. When using a pH meter you should also: Carefully read the manual for the pH meter before using it. Rinse the pH meter probe with distilled water before every reading. Use solutions with known pH values, see Table 2, to make sure the pH meter is accurately calibrated. Make sure the pH meter probe is properly submerged in the solution before taking a reading.
Things to remember: BIBLIOGRAPHY wikipedia.org www.thefreedicitonary.com/pH http://www.sciencebuddies.org/ http://www.cleanlink.com/ www.britannica.com
Experimental Title: Testing For PH Value of Acids and Bases Reagent /equipment: Vernier PH Sensor, Computer, Test Tubes, Beral Pipette, 12 Beakers, Litmus