Conditioning Shaping

Behaviour Modification
Behaviour
Skinner’s Environment

Behaviourism
Positive Reinforcement
Token Economy Reinforcements
Learning
Approximations Operant
Extinction
 Who was Skinner?

QuickTimeªan da
TIFF(U ncompressed)d ecompre ssor
areneededtose ethispicture.

• American Psychologist
• Operant Conditioning
• Of the first to describe radical behaviourism
QuickTimeªa nda
TIFF(Uncompressed)dec omp ressor
areneededtose eth ispicture.

• Founded school of experimental analysis of behaviour

• Prolific author who published over 20 books
 What is Behaviourism?

Objective study of behaviour

Learning as a function of change
Personal responses to environment
Rewarded responses= Conditioning
Reinforcements
QuickTimeª and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Principles of Behaviourism

Behaviour that is positively reinforced will

reoccur.
Information should be presented in small
amounts so that responses can be shaped
and reinforced.
Reinforcements will generalize across
similar stimuli and stimulus generalization.
 Classical Conditioning
Pavlov’s Dog
 Operant Conditioning

Behaviour Modification
Behaviour can stem from previous
reinforcement history.
Believed freedom and dignity to be
unobservable and useless for a
scientific purpose.
Skinner’s Beliefs & Goals

Shape patients behaviour so

that they would behave in
socially acceptable ways.
ABC’s of Behavioural Learning
QuickTimeª and a
Skinner believed that we could
get organisms to perform the
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

most complex of behaviours.

 Skinner’s Work
Work with rats and pigeons

Skinner Box QuickTimeª and a

TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

Skinner Box Pigeon Video

 Skinner’s Toolbox
Behaviourist strategies advocated and utilized by Skinner:
Operant Conditioning:
Behaviour Modification
Positive Reinforcement
Extinction
Schedules of Reinforcement
Token Economy
Approximations of desired behaviour
Why Sara is failing in school

Failure to provide positive reinforcement for

good behaviour.
Information and instruction not presented in
small, manageable chunks.
Teacher fails to reward approximations
Failure to look at antecedants and
consequences of behaviour
 Behaviourist Solutions and
Tools for Sara’s Success

QuickTimeª and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture. Reward
QuickTimeª and adecompr
approximations of TIFF
are (Uncompressed)
needed to see this pictur

desired behaviour
 Behaviourist Solutions and
Tools for Sara’s Success

QuickTimeª and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

Token Economy
QuickTimeª and adecompressor
TIFF
are (Uncompressed)
needed to see this picture.
 Behaviourist Solutions and
Tools for Sara’s Success

Positive
QuickTimeª and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

Reinforcement
QuickTimeª and adecompressor
TIFF
are (Uncompressed)
needed to see this picture.
 Behaviourist Solutions and
Tools for Sara’s Success

Internalized
QuickTimeª and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

Self
Reinforcement TIFF QuickTimeª and adecompressor
are (Uncompressed)
needed to see this picture.
Thank You!
 Token Economy Game

Please join us in our behaviourist trivia

game.