Hierarchy

of needs
ABRAHAM MASLOW
ABRAHAM MASLOW
-an American Psychologist
-Best known for his Hierarchy of Needs
Theory
-He was a psychology professor at
Brandeis University, Brooklyn College,
New School of Social Research and
Columbia University
-Born and raised in Brooklyn, New York
-Went to University of Wisconsin to
study Psychology

MASLOWs HEIRARCHY of NEEDS
Maslow wants to understand
what motivates people. He
believed that individual
possess a set of motivation
systems unrelated to rewards
or unconscious desires.
MASLOWs HEIRARCHY of NEEDS
What motivates behavior?
According to humanist
psychologist Abraham
Maslow, our actions are
motivated in order to
achieve certain needs.
MASLOWs HEIRARCHY of NEEDS
He first introduce his concept
of a hierarchy of needs in his
1943 paper A Theory of
Human Motivation and his
subsequent book Motivation
and Personality
MASLOWs HEIRARCHY of NEEDS
Maslow stated that people
are motivated to achieve
certain needs. When one
need is fulfilled a person
seeks to fulfill the next one,
and so on.
MASLOWs HEIRARCHY of NEEDS
MASLOWs HEIRARCHY of NEEDS
MASLOWs HEIRARCHY of NEEDS
MASLOWs HEIRARCHY of NEEDS
MASLOWs HEIRARCHY of NEEDS
BIOLOGICAL
BIOLOGICAL NEEDS
Biological needs or
Physiological Needs includes
Air, Food, Drink, Shelter,
Warmth, Sex, Sleep
SAFETY
SAFETY NEEDS
Safety needs includes
protection from elements,
security, order, law, limits,
stability, freedom from fear
SOCIAL
SOCIAL NEEDS
Social Needs includes
belongingness, affection and
love ( work group, family,
friends, romantic relationship)
ESTEEM
ESTEEM NEEDS
This includes achievement,
mastery, independence,
status, dominance, prestige,
self-respect, respect from
others
S.A.
SELF ACTUALIZATION
The final stage that includes
realizing potential, self
fulfillment, seeking personal
growth and peak
experiences.
EXPANSION of THE 5
HIERARCHY of NEEDS
It is important to note that
Maslows five stage model
has been expanded to
include COGNITIVE and
AESTHETIC needs and later
TRANSCENDENCE needs
COGNITIVE NEEDS
Knowledge, meaning of life
AESTHETIC NEEDS
Appreciation and search for
beauty, balance , form, etc
TRANSCENDENCE NEEDS
This is supposedly the last
stage of these stages that
means helping others to
achieve self actualization
WHO ARE SELF ACTUALIZED?
Instead of focusing
on psychopathology and
what goes wrong with
people, Maslow formulated
a more positive account of
human behavior which
focused on what goes right.
WHO ARE SELF ACTUALIZED?
For Maslow, a person is
always becoming and
never remains static in these
terms. In self-actualization a
person comes to find a
meaning to life that is
important to them.
WHO ARE SELF ACTUALIZED?
As each person is unique the
motivation for self-
actualization leads people in
different directions
WHO ARE SELF ACTUALIZED?
Maslow (1962) believed self-
actualization could be
measured through the
concept of peak
experiences.
CHARACTERISTICS of SELF-
ACTUALIZERS
1. They perceive reality
efficiently and can tolerate
uncertainty;
CHARACTERISTICS of SELF-
ACTUALIZERS
1. They perceive reality
efficiently and can
tolerate uncertainty;
2. Accept themselves and
others for what they are;
CHARACTERISTICS of SELF-
ACTUALIZERS
3. Spontaneous in thought
and action;
CHARACTERISTICS of SELF-
ACTUALIZERS
3. Spontaneous in thought
and action;
4. Problem-centered (not
self-centered);
CHARACTERISTICS of SELF-
ACTUALIZERS
3. Spontaneous in thought
and action;
4. Problem-centered (not
self-centered);

CHARACTERISTICS of SELF-
ACTUALIZERS
5. Able to look at life
objectively;
6. Highly creative;
7. Resistant to enculturation,
but not purposely
unconventional;
CHARACTERISTICS of SELF-
ACTUALIZERS
9. Concerned for the welfare of
humanity;
10. Capable of deep
appreciation of basic life-
experience;
11. Establish deep satisfying
interpersonal relationships with
a few people;
CHARACTERISTICS of SELF-
ACTUALIZERS
12. Peak experiences;
13. Need for privacy;

CHARACTERISTICS of SELF-
ACTUALIZERS
12. Peak experiences;
13. Need for privacy;
14. Democratic attitudes;
15. Strong moral/ethical
standards.


BEHAVIORs LEADING to SELF
ACTUALIZATION
(a) Experiencing life like a
child, with full absorption and
concentration;
BEHAVIORs LEADING to SELF
ACTUALIZATION
(b) Trying new things instead
of sticking to safe paths;
BEHAVIORs LEADING to SELF
ACTUALIZATION
(c) Listening to your own
feelings in evaluating
experiences instead of the
voice of tradition, authority
or the majority;
BEHAVIORs LEADING to SELF
ACTUALIZATION
(d) Avoiding pretense
('game playing') and being
honest;
BEHAVIORs LEADING to SELF
ACTUALIZATION
(e) Being prepared to be
unpopular if your views do
not coincide with those of
the majority;
BEHAVIORs LEADING to SELF
ACTUALIZATION
(f) Taking responsibility and
working hard;
BEHAVIORs LEADING to SELF
ACTUALIZATION
(g) Trying to identify your
defenses and having the
courage to give them up.
It is not necessary to display
all 15 characteristics to
become self-actualized, and
not only self-actualized
people will display them.
Maslow did not equate self-
actualization with perfection.
Self-actualization merely
involves achieving ones
potential. Thus someone
can be silly, wasteful, vain
and impolite, and still self-
actualize.
What is PEAK EXPERIENCES?
Beyond the routine of needs
fulfillment, Maslow
envisioned moments of
extraordinary experience,
known as PEAK EXPERIENCES
What is PEAK EXPERIENCES?
Which are profound
moments of love,
understanding, happiness, or
rapture, during which a
person feels more whole,
alive
What is PEAK EXPERIENCES?
self-sufficient and yet a part
of the world, more aware of
truth, justice, harmony,
goodness, and so on.
EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS
Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory
has made a major contribution to
teaching and classroom
management in schools. Rather
than reducing behavior to
a response in the environment,
Maslow adopts a holistic approach
to education and learning.
EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS
Maslow looks at the entire
physical, emotional, social,
and intellectual qualities of
an individual and how they
impact on learning.

EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS
Maslow suggests students
must be shown that they are
valued and respected in the
classroom and the teacher
should create a supportive
environment.