Nerve Supply Of Head And

Neck

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Introduction
Basics of nervous system
Cutaneous supply of head and neck
Trigeminal nerve
Cervical plexus
Motor supply to head and neck
Facial nerve
Ansa cervicalis
Spinal accessory nerve
Nerve supply of :
Extra ocular muscles
Nasal cavity
Palate
Tongue
Pharynx
Larynx
Teeth




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Neuron
Perikaryon
Dendrites
Axon
Myelin sheath
Synapse

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Neuron
Perikaryon
Dendrites
Axon
Myelin sheath
Synapse

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Nerve structures
Multipolar
Bipolar
Unipolar

Classes of nerve fibres
Type A, B,C
Myelinated & Unmyelinated
Sensory & Motor

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Sensory receptors
Free nerve endings
epidermal
dermal
Meissners corpuscle
Merkel disc endings
Pacinian corpuscle
Ruffini terminal
Golgi tendon organ


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CUTANEOUS SUPPLY OF HEAD AND
NECK
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Cutaneous supply of:
Head Trigeminal nerve
Neck Cervical plexus
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Trigeminal nerve
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Trigeminal nuclei
Mesencephalic nucleus
Principal sensory nucleus
Nucleus of spinal tract
Motor nucleus
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Branches
Relation with ganglions

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Branches
Lacrimal
Frontal
Nasociliary
Ciliary ganglion



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M
a
x
i
l
l
a
r
y

N
e
r
v
e
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In the cranium Meningeal
In pterygopalatine
fossa
Ganglionic, zygomatic,
post. Sup. Alveolar
In the infraorbital
canal
Middle sup.Alv,
ant. Sup. Alv
On the face
palpebral, nasal,
sup labial
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- Orbital
- Palatine
- Nasal
- Pharyngeal
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Main trunk
Ant. trunk
Post trunk
Nervus spinosus
n. To M. pterygoid
Buccal n.
n. to masseter
n. To L. pterygoid
Deep temporal N.
Auriculotemporal
Lingual
Inf. Alveolar
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Inf dental nerve does not occupy a single canal,
but is plexiform in arrangement. It is also joined,
directly, or thru its plexiform branches, by rami
entering the bone as parts of neurovascular
bundles, derived from attached muscles such as
masseter. Such accessory dental nerves ramify
particularly in a plane lateral to the molar teeth,
and their common occurrence accounts for the
incomplete abolition of pain by inf. dental nerve
block
- Carter and Keen 1971
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The nerves which supply the incisor teeth form
an elaborate plexus on the external aspect of the
mandible after emerging from the mental
foramen and before they re-enter the bone.
- Starkie and Stewart 1931
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Lesser occipital
Greater auricular
Transverse cervical
Supra clavicular
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Head:
Muscle of facial expression VII nerve

Neck:
Ant triangle -- supra hyoid
-- infra hyoid Ansa cervicalis
SCM & trapezius Spinal accessory
Vertebral muscles Dorsal rami of spinal n.
Suboccipital -- Dorsal rami of C1

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In facial canal
At stylomastoid
On the face
Gr petrosal
N. To stapedius
Chorda tympani
Post auricular
Post belly of digastric
Stylohyoid
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Marginal mandibualar
cervical
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Geniculate ganglion
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Facial Nerve
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Branches on
the face
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Various
types of
branching
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Relation
with
parotid
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Branches of
communication
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The origin of the inferior root varies.
Porirear and Chernikov (1965)
Based on 160 dissections
Cervical ventral rami
2, 3 74%
2, 3, 4 14%
3 alone 4%
1, 2, 3 2%

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Accessory nerve
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Grays anatomy; 36th edition; Williams and Warwick
Anatomy and Physiology: The unity of form and
function; Kenneth S. Saladin
Clinical neuroanatomy for medical students; 4th
edition; Richard S. Snell
Chaurasias human anatomy; 4th edition
Anatomy for surgeons volume 1: The head and neck;
3rd edition; Hollinshead
Human anatomy; Prives, Lysenkov, Bushkovich
Grants atlas of anatomy
Text book of human neuroanatomy; 6
th
edition;
Inderbir Singh
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