Introduction To Health and Safety

Zub Chord Technical Ventures, 5, Ijaiye Street Papa Ashafa Agege, Lagos State. 08120505968, 08023395118 skadiri782000@yahoo.
com
At the end of this presentation, participants will
be able to:

1. define the basic terminology of OHS.
2. outline the reasons for a safe and healthy workplace.
3. Gain a better understanding of safety and health programmes as
systems.
4. Discuss factors that motivate and sustain behavior in the workplace.
5. Learn about a systematic approach to evaluating and improving
organisations safety and health programme.

Objectives
Zub Chord Technical Ventures, 5, Ijaiye Street Papa Ashafa Agege, Lagos State. 08120505968, 08023395118 skadiri782000@yahoo.com
1. Introduction
2. What is Occupational Safety and Health (OHS)?
3. Components of Occupational Safety and Health.
4. Key Elements of Occupational Health and Safety
5. The Aim of Occupational Health and Safety
6. Reasons for OHS
7. Accident Costs Iceberg
8. The Cost of Workplace Injury and Illness
9. Business case of unsafe workplace
10. OHS Benefits
11. Safety and Health Management in Schools
12. Safety Responsibilities
13. OHS Management Systems- Contrasts

Presentation Outline
Too many workers are hurt or killed as a result of workplace accidents every
year all over the world, according to International Labour Organisation (ILO):

Over two million workers lost their lives from deaths resulting from
occupational accidents and work related diseases across the globe
yearly;

Nearly 50 workers are injured every minute of the 40-hour work
week;

Almost 17 of these workers die each day.

These injuries cost society $127.7 billion , according to the National
Safety Council (USA).

Introduction
It can be defined as the science and practice of anticipation, recognition,
evaluation, and control of Safety and health hazards arising from the work
environment. It includes any aspect of health and safety in the workplace,
ranging from physical injury, to biological and chemical hazards, to on-the-job-
stress.

The measures necessary to control and reduce risks to the health and/or safety
of anyone who might be affected by the activities of people at work

Proactive Programs Reactive Programs
They dont
care...
They care
about me!
What is Occupational Safety and
Health (OHS)?

Rights and
Responsibilities
Legislation
A safe
workplace
Risk
Management
OH&S
Golden Rules of OHS:
1. Comply with the law, standards, and procedures
2. Intervene in unsafe or non-compliant situations
3. Respect our neighbors
Components of Occupational
Safety and Health.
Executive
Leadership
Vision & Policy
Assessed SH&E
Risks/ Hazards
Integrated Objectives/
Strategies
Integrated Operational
SH&E Programs
Employee Education,
Involvement & Coaching
Measurement/
Assessment, Audit
Results and
Evaluation
Key Elements of Occupational
Health and Safety

In its broadest sense, OHS should aim at:

1. The promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and
social well-being of workers in all occupations;
2. The prevention among workers of adverse effects on health due to conditions in
their place of work:
3. The protection of workers from risks resulting from factors that are adverse to
their health;
4. The placing and maintenance of employees including students in an occupational
environment adapted to physical and mental wellbeing.

The Aim of Occupational Health and
Safety
Reasons for OHS
Moral
No-one comes to work to be injured or killed
Organisations have a legal obligation.
it is known fact that without the extra "encouragement" of
potential regulatory action or litigation, many organisations
would not act upon their implied moral obligations
In Nigeria OHS is Regulated by Factory Act, 1990 and associated
Regulations
Legal
Reasons for OHS

Accidents cost organisations money.

e.g. Piper Alpha 167 people killed estimated to have
cost over 2 billion including 746 million in direct
insurance payouts.

Economic Reason
Reasons for OHS
1
8-36
Insurance Costs
Covering Injury, ill
health, damage
Uninsured Costs
Product and material
damage.
Plant & building damage
Tool & equipment damage.
Legal costs
Expenditure on emergency
supplies.
Clearing site
Production delays
Overtime working and
temporary labour
Investigation time.
Supervisors time diverted
Clerical effort.
Fines
Loss of
expertise/experience
Accident Costs Iceberg
The Cost of Workplace Injury and
Illness

Reports in the media
Business case of unsafe workplace
1. Peace of mind
2. Healthy, happy and motivated workforce - Increased job
security
3. Tidy, efficient working environment and defined
procedures
4. Increased performance and profitability
5. Reduction in accidents, ill health and consequently sick
leave
6. Good reputation and/or relationship with enforcement
officers
7. Satisfied management

OHS BENEFITS
Human factors
Behaviour of people affecting their safety and that of fellow workers,
customers, visitors
1. Carelessness
2. Lack of attention
3. Lack of experience
4. Lack of training
Occupational factors
Chemicals, equipment, working methods
Environmental factors
High noise levels, poor lighting, dusty atmospheres, hot or cold
temperatures
Factors Affecting Health and
Safety
SHE - Safety Health and Environment

HSE - Health Safety and Environment

EHS - Environment Health and Safety

SSHE - Security Safety Health and Environment

SHEQ - Safety Health Environment and Quality
JABULANI CONSULTS
17
Terminology used in Health and
Safety Management Systems
1. Nigerian Institute of Safety Professionals
(NISP)(www.nispnigeria.com)
2. National Industrial Safety Council of Nigeria (NISCN)
(www.niscn.org)
3. Ergonomics Society of Nigeria. (ESN)
OHS Professional Associations
1. National examination board of Occupational Health and Safety
(NEBOSH)
2. Chartered Safety Professional (CSP)
3. British Safety Council (BSC)
4. International Occupational Safety and Health (IOSH)
International Certifications
Safety Responsibilities

1. Providing a safe workplace for the employees.
2. Identify all hazards and inform and train employees in the protective measures.
3. Making a policy statement regarding accident prevention, if required to do so.
4. Maintaining an on-going safety programme
5. Providing medical and first aid systems.
6. Providing adequate budgets for all safety-related objectives.
7. Complying with the Occupational Health and Safety Act and relative legislation,
regulations, standards and procedures.
Employers Safety Responsibilities
1. Develop new work procedures as required, in conjunction with relevant persons.
2. Provide adequate supervision through technical guidance and support.
3. Identify and control hazardous conditions.
4. Ensure that all accidents, near misses and injuries are reported.
5. Instruct and train workers to follow health and safety policies, practices and
procedures
6. Enforce company health and safety policies, practices, and procedures.
7. Ensure necessary personal protective equipment is provided and properly used
by workers.
8. Understand proper emergency procedures and ensure workers follow them
when necessary.
9. Ensure only authorized and properly trained workers operate equipment.
10. Promote proper health and safety practices among workers.

Supervisors Safety Responsibilities
1. Use safety guards and appliances as well as personal protective
equipment as required by the employer
2. Know and follow company health and safety policies, practices, and
procedures.
3. Report accidents, occupational illnesses, and near misses.
4. Report health and safety hazards and concerns.
5. Refrain from causing, encouraging or participating in harassment
6. Take reasonable care for the safety of his or her personal health and
safety and that of others.
7. Must not wilfully or recklessly interfere with or misuse anything
provided in the interest of environment health and safety or welfare.
8. Use equipment in compliance with relevant guidelines and in
accordance with the manufactures prescriptions
Employees Safety Responsibilities
Development of Occupational Safety and Health
Programme.
OHS Management System
To successfully manage safety and health at work, a school should establish an
occupational safety and health management system which includes the following
elements:
1. a safety and health policy statement to show the management 's
commitment;
2. organisation of the management system, with a clear allocation of safety
responsibilities;
3. an assessment of the safety and health risks which should be updated when
situations change;
4. safety and health regulations to be observed in the workplace;
5. education, instruction and training on occupational safety and health;
6. emergency plans, drills and first aid arrangements;
7. a regular review of the system to ensure its effectiveness;
8. documentation to keep proper record and ensure continuity of activities.
Safety and Health Management
in Schools
Sample Safety Policy
Excellent Performance
Leadership Team identifies
SH&E as a business value /
principle
Vision / Goal for SH&E
Performance
SH&E risks are identified,
assessed & minimized
SH&E objectives, targets,
measures
SH&E programmes &
organization to manage risks
Clear mgmt. responsibility &
accountability
SH&E mgmt. system review by
Leadership Team
Poor Performance
Lack of Leadership Team
direction for SH&E an
element or factor
Lack of Vision / Goal for
SH&E
SH&E risks arent
effectively identified
SH&E objectives poorly
defined / not challenging
SH&E programmes dont
address risks
Mgmt. responsibility &
accountability is unclear
Key SH&E mgmt. system
elements dont exist
OHS Management Systems- Contrasts
Occupational Health and Safety

Its Leadership & Commitment

Do the Right Thing, Its Good for
People and Business!

Last Word

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Zub Chord Technical Ventures, 5, Ijaiye Street Papa Ashafa Agege, Lagos State. 08120505968, 08023395118 skadiri782000@yahoo.

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