Energ

y
Vocabulary
Energy: the capacity to do work or to
supply heat
What types of energy have we already
talked about in class?
Kinetic Energy
• The energy of motion. Waves,
electrons, atoms, molecules,
substances and objects.
Potential Energy
• The stored energy of composition
and/or the energy of position.
Forms of Energy

Find your Professor Frink and

determine what are the
different forms of energy?
 Forms of Energy
“Mr. Chen” – a pneumonic device to
remember
• Mechanical (e.g. compressed springs, simple
machines like levers, pulleys, wheels, etc.,
gravitational, sound)
• Radiant (Light & Other EM)
• Chemical
• Heat (Thermal)
• Electrical
• Nuclear (Fission & Fusion)
 Forms of Energy
All really boil down to the 4
fundamental forces known which are
the strong and weak nuclear forces,
gravity & electromagnetic forces. It is
hoped that one day the “Unified
Theory” will encompass all of those
into a single explanation.
Gravitational Interaction

• Sitting in your chair

• Galactic formation
• Planetary motion
• “Wobbly stars”
• Falling apples
• Black holes
Electromagnetic interaction

• Static electricity
• Lightning
• Compass needles
• Lightbulbs
• “High technology”
• Computers
• Information-age societies”
Weak Interaction

• Fission Reactors
• Natural Radioactivity (β-decay)
Strong Interaction

• Sunlight
• “Fat Man”
• “Star Stuff”
Changes in Energy
• Changes in matter are always
accompanied by a change in
energy.
• Can energy be created or
destroyed?
Changes in Energy
• NO!!
• The Law of Conservation of Energy
• Energy can change form but is never
created or destroyed
• Energy simply changes form or is
transferred.
 Energy
Transformation
A plugged-in radio plays.
Photosynthesis.
Electrical  Sound
Light  Chemical
Kinetic  Kinetic
Kinetic  Potential
A rock falls off of a cliff. Gravity  Mechanical Potential  Kinetic
A fan makes a humming noise
as it turns.
Wood burns to make a campfire.

A lightning bug burns a material

to allow for night visibility.

A lit bulb becomes too hot to

touch.

Chemicals in a battery make

electricity and get hot when used
in an appliance.
 Energy Resources
Non-renewable – supplies are limited like
petroleum which was formed millions of
years ago from the remains of ancient sea
plants and animals.
Renewable – sources which may be
replenished in a short time like biomass,
geothermal energy, hydropower, solar
energy and wind energy.
Macro Level vs. Micro
Level (Particle Level)
• All particles have motion, therefore
they all have kinetic energy!
• Particles that seem like they are in a
fixed position also have motion – they
vibrate back and forth in place.
• Particles have potential energy in
bonds!
Heat vs.
Temperature
Heat: the total
7
energy of the
system :18 J
4

Temperature:
5 A measure of
2 the average
kinetic energy of
the system: 4.5 J
 Temperature Scales
• Know conversions between Kelvin, Celsius
& Fahrenheit
The End