IT Networking For Application Developers: Presenter: Roy Kim

IT Networking for
Application Developers
Presenter: Roy Kim
roykimtoronto@gmail.com
blog: roykimsharepoint.wordpress.com
Agenda
Benefits of IT Networking Knowledge
Networking Fundamentals
Troubleshooting Network Devices
Troubleshooting Tools
Network
Environment
Troubleshooting
Devices
Tools
roykimsharepoint@wordpress.com

Benefits of Networking
Knowledge
Interface with IT administrators and IT architects.
Know how to ask the right questions.
Understand development machine and testing
environments.
Faster issue/resolution cycles with IT
Fix your own problems
Become a well-rounded Technology Architect
Core fundamental
Design application architecture with IT touch points in mind

Network Diagram
Switch
Hosts
Router
DMZ
Subnet
Internet
Firewall Security

Network Fundamentals
Node
Any device on a network
Host
Participate in applications in a client server model on a network.
Switch
Routing traffic within a network between hosts.
Subnet
A partition of a network that share the same network ID or subnet
prefix. A grouping of network traffic into sub networks.
Mitigate network congestion.
Router
Routing IP traffic between networks and subnets


Domain Name Resolution (DNS) Server
Host Name Resolution service
Translate host name to IP Address
DNS client resolver cache

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Server
Automatic assignment of an IP address to a network device.
Client IP reservation - Offers static assignment
e.g. Network Printers


Firewall
Allow or deny network traffic on the inbound or outbound
communication
Network Security Management
Packet Filter
Application firewall
Network address translation
Proxies
Load Balancer
E.g. Microsoft Threat Management Gateway


TCP/IP Protocol Suite
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
The suite of communications protocols used to connect hosts on the Internet.

Hosts: TCP/IP Configuration
IP Address

MAC Address

Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

DNS Server

DHCP Enabled

DHCP Server
192.168.1.100

00-50-56-C0-00-01

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.2.101

Yes

192.168.2.200

Subnetting
DMZ
Internet
192.168.1.128
192.168.1.0
192.168.1.64
Subnet Mask 255.255.255.192 or CIDR /26
Network ID 192.168.1.0
10.21.128.1
192.168.1.2 192.168.1.3
192.168.1.4 192.168.1.5
Hosts:
192.168.1.66-126
Hosts:
192.168.1.29-190
192.168.1.1
192.168.1.65
192.168.1.129

Subnetting

Binary form
Dot-decimal
notation
IP address 11000000.10101000.00000101.10000010 192.168.5.130
Subnet mask 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 255.255.255.0
Network prefix 11000000.10101000.00000101.00000000 192.168.5.0
Host part 00000000.00000000.00000000.10000010 0.0.0.130

Binary form
Dot-decimal
notation
IP address 11000000.10101000.00000101.10000010 192.168.5.130
Subnet mask 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000 255.255.255.192
Network prefix 11000000.10101000.00000101.10000000 192.168.5.128
Host part 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000010 0.0.0.2


Troubleshooting Areas
Network Interface
IP Address (DHCP)
ARP Cache
Subnet or Routers or Host
Route table
Host Name Resolution
DNS Server
Host file
Firewall


Troubleshooting Connectivity
IP Addressing
To display,
ipconfig /all
netsh interface ip show config
To verify,
ping loopback address 127.0.0.1
ping <host IP Address>
To clear IP address, ipconfig /release
To get new IP address from DHCP, ipconfig /renew
IP conflict scenario
To clear, arp -d


ipconfig


Arp cache
To display, arp a

To clear, arp -d


Subnet Mask
To display, ipconfig /all
Can set manually in Local Area Connection properties.

Default Gateway
To display, ipconfig /all
Can set manually in Local Area Connection properties.


Verify reachability to another host
ping <remote IP address>

Verify Route Table entries
To display, route print

To clear, route f


Verify reachability for intermediate routers
tracert <remote IP address>

pathping <remote IP address>

Troubleshooting Host Name
Resolution
DNS Server
Verify DNS server response, nslookup <hostname/FQDN>
Verify DNS Server setting, ipconfig /all
ping <DNS server IP>
ipconfig /registerdns
To display, ipconfig /displaydns | more
ipconfig /flushdns
Flushes the contents of the DHS resolver cache on the local computer.
Pre-loads any entries in the HOSTS file into the cache.
NetBIOS
To display cache, nbtstat -c

Host file
Location: %SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts
DNS client resolver cache includes host file entries


Troubleshooting Firewall Rules

Blocks inbound and/or outbound tcp/ip traffic
Client side vs Server side firewall
Verify communication/connectivity in front or behind
firewall.
Verify if other clients can connect
View firewall rules


Troubleshooting TCP Ports

Display ports state and PID, netstat ano
Display applications and ports listening, netstat b

Verify tcp port connectivity, telnet <IP address> <TCP Port>


Tools Summary
Tool Description
Arp Allows viewing and editing of the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) cache.
Hostname Displays the host name of the computer.
Ipconfig Displays the current TCP/IP configuration for both IPv4 and IPv6. Also used to
manage Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)-allocated IPv4 address
configurations, display or flush the DNS client resolver cache, and register DNS
names.
Netsh Configuration tool for many network services. For each network service, there
is a context containing commands specific for that service. For the netsh
interface ip contexts, displays and administers TCP/IP protocol settings on
either the local computer or a remote computer.
Netstat Displays protocol statistics and information on current TCP connections.
Nslookup Performs DNS queries and displays the results.
Ping Sends Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo or Internet Control
Message Protocol for IPv6 (ICMPv6) Echo Request messages to test
reachability.
Route Allows viewing of the IPv4 and IPv6 routing tables and editing of the IPv4
routing table.
Tracert Sends ICMP Echo or ICMPv6 Echo Request messages to trace the network
route taken by IPv4 or IPv6 packets to a specific destination.
Pathping Sends ICMP Echo or ICMPv6 Echo Request messages to trace the route an IPv4
or IPv6 packet takes to a destination and displays information on packet losses
for each router and link in the path.
Event Viewer Records errors and events.
Performance Logs and
Alerts
Logs TCP/IP core protocol performance and sends alerts (the SNMP service
must be installed).
Network Monitor Captures and displays the contents of TCP/IP packets sent to and from
computers running Windows Server 2003.
Telnet Tests TCP connection establishment between two nodes.


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