Warfare and

Independence
Introduction
A war is the name given to the act of fighting between two
or more groups, nations or countries
warfare is the tactics, methods, strategies and science
involved in fighting the enemy.
So, for example, chemical warfare (a tactic to help you win)
was used in The Great War (the name of the conflict). An
absence of war (and other violence) is usually called peace or
also known as independence.
Independence is a person, country, nation and etcetera which
are not influenced or controlled by others opinion, or conduct
in a form of thinking or acting for oneself


WAR AND WARFARE
The meaning of war is an organized, armed, and, usually a
prolonged conflict that is carried on between countries,
nations, or other some other parties typified by extreme
aggression, social disruption, and usually high mortality.

War should be understood as an actual, intentional and
widespread armed conflict between political communities,
and thus it is defined as a form of political violence.

Greek
Goddess Athena aka Pallas Athena
in Greek religion and mythology,
goddess of wisdom, courage, inspiration, civilization, law and
justice, just warfare, mathematics, strength, strategy, the arts, crafts,
and skill.

The metalwork of weapons also fell under her patronage.
She led battles as the disciplined, strategic side of war, in contrast to
her brother Ares (the patron of violence, bloodlust and slaughter "the
raw force of war)
Though Athena is a goddess of war strategy, she disliked fighting
without purpose and preferred to use wisdom to settle predicaments.
Athena only encouraged fighting for a reasonable cause or to
resolve conflict.
China
Sun Tzu - The Art of War
a high-ranking military general
strategist
tactician



war was a vital weapon in order to widen the territory
It presents a philosophy of war for managing conflicts
and winning battles.
For the last two thousand years it remained the most
important military treatise in Asia, where even the
common people knew it by name."
It has had an influence on Eastern and Western
military thinking, business tactics, legal strategy, and
beyond.

Carl von Clausewitz - On War
a practical field soldier with extensive combat
experience against the armies of the
Revolutionary France
a staff officer with political and military
responsibilities at the very centre of the
Prussian state
a prominent military educator.

His work combines observations on strategy
with questions about human nature and the
purpose of war
especially examines the teleology of war:
whether war is a means to an end outside
itself or whether it can be an end in itself.
He concludes that the latter cannot be so,
and that war is "politics by different means";
i.e. that war must not exist only for its own
sake. It must serve some purpose for the
state.

War is nothing but a duel on a larger scale.
Countless duels go to make up war, but a
picture of it as a whole can be formed by
imagining a pair of wrestlers. Each tries
through physical force to compel the other to
do his will; his immediate aim is to throw his
opponent in order to make him incapable of
further resistance.
War is thus an act of force to compel our
enemy to do our will.

These are some of thought regarding the
meaning of war ,other than that he also shared
his view regarding the purpose and means in
war in which we can now see that in war many
roads lead to success, and that they do not all
involve the opponent's outright defeat.

WAR AND WARFARE
The most significance warfare would be conventional
warfare, unconventional warfare, nuclear warfare,
asymmetric warfare, and chemical warfare.
Conventional warfare is when either party, without using
any nuclear, biological or chemical weapons but using
conventional weapon instead such as small arms, which
generally aim to reduce opponents military capability upon a
direct confrontation.
In contrast, unconventional warfare is an attempt to
achieve military victory through acquiescence, capitulation,
or clandestine support for one side of an existing conflict.


WAR AND WARFARE
The usage of nuclear weapons as a major method to inflict
damage to the opposition is call nuclear warfare.
Civil warfare usually involves fight between two parties
under one nation for a control or independence.
Other than that, there is also asymmetric warfare in which
when both parties military capabilities level is not on par. At
the same time usually, the party with more power will use
unconventional warfare tactics.
Last but not least, chemical warfare is a technique of
spreading air pollution on purpose such as poison gas.

INDEPENDENCE
INDEPENDENCE is a condition of a country, nation or state
in which its residents and population or some portion thereof,
exercising self-government and are usually sovereignty, over
the territory.
INDEPENDENCE
There has always been a debate on how the attainment of
independence is different from revolution, whether the
violence is a legitimate means in achieving sovereignty.
While some revolutions only seeks in achieving national
independence, others seeks in redistributing power with or
without an element of emancipation
PHILOSPHERS VIEW ON WAR
POSITIVIST
John Austin
Law is a type of command
It is laid down by a political sovereign
It is enforceable by sanction
Law of war
is a body of law concerning acceptable
justifications to engage in war
limits to acceptable wartime conduct
To this end, laws of war are intended to
mitigate the hardships of war by:
Protecting both combatants and
noncombatants from unnecessary
suffering.
Safeguarding certain fundamental human
rights of persons who fall into the hands of
the enemy, particularly prisoners of war,
the wounded and sick, and civilians.
Facilitating the restoration of peace.

Some of the central principles underlying laws of
war are:
Wars should be limited to achieving the political
goals that started the war (e.g., territorial control)
and should not include unnecessary destruction.
Wars should be brought to an end as quickly as
possible.
People and property that do not contribute to the
war effort should be protected against
unnecessary destruction and hardship.
War
There are no definite reason as why a certain
government choose war
However in that particular government view, it
will include for the sake of improving the
country itself or protecting or defending from
the opponent attack
Thus, in positivist view there is an acceptable
justifications to engage in war and limits to
acceptable wartime conduct
NATURALIST
Thomas Acquinas
Positive law that violates natural law is not
true law
An unjust law is not a true law, in a which
unjust is defines as contrary to natural law.
War
In a typical war, there will always be extreme
agression, social disruption and high mortality
It will affect physical, verbal, mental and
emotional aspect of a human being
A human being should live their life
peacefully
Thus, war is against natural law
Hence, against Thomas Acquinas view
Independence
Everyone would want to live freely, where
they can choose what to do without any
outside influence.
Even though such free-state is up to a
certain limitation, living life peacefully is what
everyone would want, thus in line with natural
law
Therefore, Thomas Acquinas will support
UTILITARIANIST
Jeremy Bentham
- "The greatest happiness for the greatest
number of people"
-Nature has placed mankind under the
governance of 2 sovereign masters, pain and
pleasure
WAR
Utilitarianist view may be in favour and against war.
If war bring more harm than good. It strip off a person
life, or family and destroy their properties. The majority
will definitely be in deprived state, converse with greatest
hapiness to greatest number of people. In addition war
wil bring more pain than pleasure.Thus, utilitarianist will
go against war.
However, if a war was meant to be for the future
upbringing of the country, utilitarianist may in favour to
war.
UTILITARIANIST ON
INDEPENDENCE
- In general, Utilitarianist can be said in favour
with independence, since independence in it
literal meaning is a good thing for the society.

- However up to a point, this depends due to
the fact that at what extent a society is said to
be in an independence state.
For example New Zealand.

CHRISTIANITY
VIEW ON WAR
"Blessed be the LORD, my
rock, who trains my hands for
war, and my fingers for battle;".


-(Psalm 144:1)
Holy War. These people
believe that war is a duty to
God. Proponents of this view
included the Crusaders, who
attempted to force others into
Christianity.
They claim that in Matt. 10:34-39 Jesus
condoned such violence, when He claimed to
bring a sword, not peace. In context however,
Jesus was teaching that as followers of Him,
we would be the objects of persecution and
hatred, but we must be willing to sacrifice our
lives for Him. He never taught us to kill for Him but to die
for Him. The apostles, early Christians and
church fathers were totally against violence
and never physically resisted their
persecutors.
Unfortunately Holy War extremists have
given Christianity a bad name.

Many secularists continue to brandish
Christianity as a violent religion because of
the past abuses of this minority group, whom
most believers today would not even
categorize as true Christians.


Reasons God Command War
Land of Palestine
his aspect of war is unique to the Middle East.
God promised Abraham the land of Palestine,
much of which were at the time occupied by the
descendants of Joktan (Gen. 10:26-30), a
descendant of Noahs son, Shem. Joktan is the
forefather of many Arab tribes, particularly in
Arabia. Some Arab tribes, particularly in
Northern Africa, trace their ancestry to Ishmael,
Abrahams son. God promised to make great
nations of both sons of Abraham, Isaac (Gen.
22:18; 26:3; 28:13) and Ishmael (Gen. 21:18)
This is the basis of the war which officially began in Joshua
and continues to this very day Israel vs. the rest of the
Middle East. It is only in the final war (Armageddon) will
Jesus personally return to end the Middle East madness
and the Arab threat forever, and in so doing, fulfill his 4000
year old promise to Abraham and Israel.

- It is to be noted that God never promised to make
America a great nation or to keep her great. They are not
even mentioned in Bible prophesy or the book of
Revelation, unless of course one were to read them into
prophesy. History is bigger than America. They would be
well advised not to over-interfere in the land dispute
between Israel and Palestine.

Self Defense

Prior to entering the Promised Land, Israel
engaged in a handful of battles, four of which
were in self defense. The Amalekites (Ex. 17:8-16),
Arad (Num. 21:1-3), the Amorites (Num. 21:21-32) and Bashan
(Num. 21:33-35) all attacked Israel in the
wilderness
Israel were forced to fight back and defend
herself. Only a fool would allow his people to
be attacked and not defend. Only a fool
would allow his family to be raped and
plundered without raising a finger. Such a
person is worse than an infidel. In Judges 12,
Jephthah defended his family and household
from Ephraimite extremists. Vengeance for
personal offenses belong to God, but it is a
mans right to defend his family and place of
abode.

CHRISTINIATY
VIEW ON
INDEPENDENCE

So Jesus said to the Jews who had believed
in him, "If you abide in my word, you are truly
my disciples, and you will know the truth, and
the truth will set you free."


"If you abide in my word," our Lord declares,
"you are truly my disciples, and you will know
the truth, and the truth will set you free"
(John 8:31-32)
his statement was shocking to Jesus' audience.
These proud men thought they already had all
the freedom they needed by virtue of being
"offspring of Abraham" (8:33). Jesus proceeds to point
them beyond any national, social or religious
freedom they might enjoy to the freedom that
comes through His person and work: "Truly,
truly, I say to you, everyone who commits sin is
a slave to sin So if the Son sets you free, you
will be free indeed" (8:34,36). Contrary to what
Jesus' listeners thought, they were in bondage
to sin and subject to the tyranny of it.
The saving truth that Jesus speaks of in John
8:32 brings ultimate freedomfreedom from
sin and death and the devil; freedom from a
life of futility and an eternity of wrath. It is
freedom from the tyranny of hate and
bitterness and cruelty. It is the freedom to
love God and neighbour.
ISLAMIST VIEW ON WAR

"Eliminate evil from the heart of others by uprooting it from your
heart."
War may become necessary only to stop evil from triumphing in a way
would corrupt the earth (Quran 2:251). For Muslims to participate in
war there must be valid justifications, and strict conditions must be
fulfilled. A thorough survey of the relevant verses of the Qur'an shows
that it is consistent throughout with regard to these rulings on the
justification of war, and its conduct, termination and consequences.

War in Islam as regulated by the Qur'an and hadith has been subject to
many distortions by Western scholars and even by some Muslim
writers. These are due either to misconceptions about terminology or -
above all -using quotations taken out of context.

Nowhere in the Quran
is changing people's religion given as a cause for waging war. The
Qur'an gives a clear instruction that there is no compulsion in religion
(Quran 2:256). It states that people will remain different (Quran
11:118), they will always have different religions and ways and this is
an unalterable fact (Quran 5:48) - God tells the Prophet that most
people will not believe"even if you are eager that they should" (Quran
12:103).
All the battles that took place during the Prophet's lifetime, under
the guidance of the Qur'an and the Prophet, have been surveyed and
shown to have been waged only in self-defense or to pre-empt an
imminent attack.

For more than ten years in Mecca, Muslims were
persecuted, but before permission was given to fight they were
instructed to restrain themselves (Quran 4:77) and endure with
patience and fortitude:

Pardon and forgive until God gives his command. Quran 2:109; see
also 29:59; 16:42

Here, war is seen as justifiable and necessary to defend people's right to
their own beliefs, and once the believers have been given victory they
should not become triumphant or arrogant or have a sense of being a
superpower, because the promise of help given above and the rewards
are for those who do not seek to exalt themselves on earth or spread
corruption (Quran 28:83).
War is the worst thing known to mankind throughout his long history. It brings
about the killing and maiming of human beings, the loss of their powers and their
disfigurement. It also causes the destruction of civilisations, stirs up hatred and
resentments amongst people, and passes psychological problems on to future
generations. It also causes the fighters to become prisoners of war. For these
reasons, war must be avoided at all costs and if war becomes necessary because
the enemy has forced the situation it is imperative that war should be limited to
the least degree of necessity. It is also imperative that humanity in general put an
end to wars finally so that they do not occur in the future.
War is an illness

A group of religious scholars have said that war in itself is bad and ugly
because it entails the killing of people and destruction. The Holy Quran
supports this in the following verse:
{Fighting is prescribed upon you though ye dislike it. But it is possible that
you dislike a thing that is good for you and that youlove a thing that is bad
for you. Allah knoweth and you knoweth not.}
On the surface, this verse shows that if fighting were a natural thing then
Allah would not have said: {though ye dislike it.}. Therefore, war is a
social phenomenon brought about by corrupt instincts and not something
natural in humanity.

Look also at this hadith related by Imam al-Saadiq (A) who said:
The Messenger of Allah when he wanted to send out a troop he called
them and bid them sit before him. He then said to them: Go out in the
name of Allah and by Allah and in the way of Allah and according to
the religion of the Messenger of Allah. Do not handcuff or tie up (the
prisoners of war), do not mutilate (even the dead), and do not betray
people. Do not kill the old man, the child or the woman, and do not cut
down a single tree except when you are forced to do so. And if any
Muslim be he lofty or lowly gives a man of the Polytheists sanctuary,
then his safety must be secured so that he hears the word of Allah. If he
follows you then he is your brother in religion. If he refuses then give
him his sanctuary and seek the help of Allah regarding him.


In an account on the occasion of war, Imam Amir-ul-Mumineen (A)
advised the Muslims saying:
Commit yourselves to prayer and guard your prayers and pray much. Seek
nearness to Allah through it for it is a duty of the Muslims at prescribed
times.
He also used to say: Do not fight them until they begin to fight you.


Aggression is Forbidden. Fighting is permitted
only in self-defence.
The Quranic verses on this are very clear. God
repeats, "do not aggress", multiple times. Only if
attacked, is one permitted to fight back. If the other
party refrains from aggression and offers one peace,
we are told to stop fighting.

Rules of War*
[2:190] You may fight in the cause of GOD against those who attack
you, but do not aggress. GOD does not love the aggressors.
[2:191] You may kill those who wage war against you, and you may evict
them whence they evicted you. Oppression is worse than murder. Do not
fight them at the Sacred Masjid, unless they attack you therein. If they
attack you, you may kill them. This is the just retribution for those
disbelievers.
[2:192] If they refrain, then GOD is Forgiver, Most Merciful.
[2:193] You may also fight them to eliminate oppression, and to worship
GOD freely. If they refrain, you shall not aggress; aggression is permitted
only against the aggressors.

*2:190 All fighting is regulated by the basic rule .Fighting is allowed
strictly in self-defense, while aggression and oppression are strongly
condemned throughout the Quran.
[5:87] O you who believe, do not prohibit good things that are made
lawful by GOD, and do not aggress; GOD dislikes the aggressors.
[8:61] If they resort to peace, so shall you, and put your trust in GOD.
He is the Hearer, the Omniscient.
[4:90] ... if they leave you alone, refrain from fighting you, and offer
you peace, then GOD gives you no excuse to fight them.

Application :
Based on the dalil and hadith, we found that Islam does not favor
War and if it is really needed to be done then only it shall be done.

War is the last solution. Islam does not favor violence and
oppression. That is why war is the least favorable thing to do.

War gives more harm and if it is being done in a wrong way , people
will become arrogant, feeling superpower and being dictator.

Allah SWT did stated that have war in the name of Allah and by
Allah and in the way of Allah and that dont have war for old man,
women and children.

.
Islam prohibits against any violence to these three categories of people. If you
wish to war , war with the enemy that is of the same size or strength with you.
Islam also prohibits us from initiating the war first. Only if we are being
attacked then we may fight back for self defense.
Islam does not teaches us to have war without no valid reason.
This means, war is a worst thing known to mankind and that Allah prohibits us
to start the war first without any valid reason.
Furthermore, war is an illness. More of the innocent lives are taken away
everyday.
Therefore, it is highly recommended that war is the last resort in resorting
problems between people.


GROUP STAND
We agree war bring more harm then good.

We believed in order to rage war , there must be self
defence first, never ever strike first.

War is to protect never selfish power.

War is necessary but given to the circumstances
As for independence , as a human being is
normal for us to a certain degree of
independence as we must live freely .