Amphibians Review

#1
Membrane that blinks to keep amphibian
eyes moist on land and closes to cover the
eye when swimming under water.
Nictitating membrane
Deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from
the body enters the _________________ from the
sinus venosus.
Right atrium
These are located in the frogs skin and help
to keep it moist
Mucous glands
The multi-purpose cavity that receives waste
from the digestive system, urinary bladder, and
sperm and eggs from the reproductive system
before exiting the body.
cloaca
Frogs belong to the

Kingdom :

Phylum:

Sub Phylum:

Class:

Order:
Animalia
Amphibia
Anura
Chordata
Vertebrata
Cold blooded organisms with moist, thin skin,
webbed feet, a 3-chambered heart, that undergo
metamorphosis from a larval to adult stage are
called ____________________
Amphibians
Oxygenated blood returning to the heart from the
lungs enters the _________________ Left atrium
Respiratory organ found in the larval stage
of amphibians
gills
Name the parts of the brain starting at the spinal
cord and moving toward the nose.
Medulla oblongata
Cerebellum
Optic lobes
Cerebrum
Olfactory lobes
Thin fan-like membrane that holds the
digestive organs in place.
mesentery
The upper portion of the small intestine
closest to the stomach is called the
___________________
duodenum
Cutaneous respiration involves exchanging
gases through the ______________ skin
Blood vessels that carry blood away from
the heart are called ____________________.
arteries
Match the brain part to its function:
Controls involuntary body organs
___________________
Higher thinking & learning _______________

Processes info about vision
& hearing _______________

balance & motor coordination ____________

Processes info about smell _______________


Medulla oblongata
cerebellum
cerebrum
Optic lobes (tectum)
Olfactory lobes
Pulmonary respiration uses this body organ.
lungs
The eardrum in a frog is called the
__________________
Tympanic membrane
Name the body system for each organ:

oviducts

kidneys

olfactory lobes

lungs

Skin
Reproductive
Nervous
Respiratory
Excretory
Integumentary/Respiratory
Number of chambers in an amphibian
heart
3
Tail-less amphibians like frogs and
toads belong to the order
_______________
Anura
An = without uro = tail
Hormone made by the thyroid gland
that controls metamorphosis
Thyroxin
Digestive organ that produces bile
for the small intestine.
liver
The digestive organ where nutrients are
absorbed from digested food.
Small intestine
Frogs use positive pressure breathing.
They move air in and out by raising
and lowering the
_______________________
Roof of their mouth
Area of the brain for higher thinking that is
responsible for learning, memory, and
reasoning
cerebrum
Small bone that extends between the
tympanic membrane and the inner ear
Columella
Match the part with its function:

Make bile __________________

store bile __________________

place where bile is used __________________

respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________

makes trypsin _________
liver
Small intestine (duodenum)
gills
Gall bladder
pancreas
A valve in the _________________ prevents
mixing of the high oxygen

and low oxygen
carrying blood
Conus arteriosus
Blood leaving the heart travels through
the pulmonary ______________ to the
lungs.
arteries
Match the part with its function:

Processes nitrogen waste for the kidneys
__________________

removes nitrogen waste from blood and makes urine
__________________

removes worn out blood cells __________________

respiratory organs in adult frogs _______________

excretory organ in adult frogs _____________
liver
spleen
Skin & lungs
kidneys
kidneys
Type of circulatory system in a frog
Closed Open
closed
Acids in the _______________ helps to
break down food.
stomach
Match the part with its function:

Regulates ion/water concentrations in blood
__________________

stores urine __________________

concentrates & collects digestive waste _____________

receives urine, feces, & sperm or eggs _____________

makes insulin and glucagon _________
kidneys
Large intestine
cloaca
urinary bladder
pancreas
Sinus
venosus
RIGHT
Atrium
Ventricle
Conus
arteriosus




Lungs
Body
organs

LEFT
Atrium












Follow the path of blood in the frog circulatory system.
Name two respiratory organs in adult
frogs
Lungs and skin
Fertilization in frogs is _______________

External internal
external
Tell where each mouth opening leads to:

Eustachian tubes

internal nares

glottis

gullet

ears
Respiratory (lungs)
Digestive (esophagus)
External nares
Food stored in the _______________ is used
during hibernation and estivation.
fat bodies
The teeth located on the roof of the frogs
mouth between the internal nares are called
__________________ teeth. vomerine
Small sac located on the under the right
lobe of the liver that stores bile.

Gall bladder
TRUE or FALSE
Blood traveling to the lungs in the pulmonary
arteries is HIGH in oxygen.
FALSE
Its going to the lungs to pick up oxygen.
Main excretory organ in an ADULT frog
Kidneys
Process by which frogs lie dormant through
the winter.
hibernation
Match the part with its function:

Covers eye under water __________________

stores food for hibernation/estivation _______________

Coiled portion of small intestine ________________
between duodenum and large intestine

Pumps blood _______________

eardrum _____________
Nictitating membrane
ileum
ventricle
Fat bodies
Tympanic membrane
Largest artery leaving the heart
Aorta
Tell one way frog circulation is different
from a fish
Frogs: Fish:
3 chamber heart 2 chamber heart
2 loops 1 loop
Gradual change in form which occurs
during the life of an amphibian
metamorphosis
This organ makes, stores, and processes red
blood cells
spleen
Openings in the roof of the mouth that
connect to the external nares (nostrils)
Internal nares
Ribbon-like structure located in the
mesentery between the stomach and the
upper intestine
pancreas
Name the 2 parts of the frog circulatory system
that carry BOTH oxygenated and
deoxygenated blood.
Ventricle and Conus Arteriosus
Process by which amphibians lie dormant
through a hot, dry season.
estivation
Explain how AMPLEXUS helps
reproduction in frogs.
With amplexus, sperm and eggs are released
at same time and in the same place so
it increases chance of fertilization
Frogs are _____________________ that
deuterostomes protostomes

means their blastopore becomes their
_____________
mouth anus
deuterostomes
anus
Frogs are _________________.

vertebrates invertebrates
vertebrates
Thyroxin is made by the
_________________.
Thyroid gland
Excretory organs in a TADPOLE
Kidneys & gills
Tell one way adult frog circulation is like a fish
BOTH:
Closed circulation
have conus arteriosus & sinus venosus
ventricle pumps blood
have arteries, veins, & capillaries
SUBSTANCE MADE BY? FUNCTION?

BILE

TRYPSIN

GLUCAGON

INSULIN

THYROXIN
LIVER
PANCREAS
PANCREAS
PANCREAS
THYROID
GLAND
Breaks down
FATS
Breaks down
PROTEINS
Causes cells to
release stored
glucose
Causes cells to
store glucose
Controls
metamorphosis
The medulla oblongata controls

Higher thinking internal organs muscle coordination smell
Internal organs
The part of the systemic circulation in which blood
circulates from the heart to the lungs and back to
the heart is called _________________ circulation.
PULMONARY
Region of the frog brain which receives info
from the eyes is the _______________ lobe
Optic
Number of loops in the circulatory system of
amphibians
2 loops;
one to lungs and back
one to body systems and back

The blood vessel that carries blood from the
heart to the lungs is the _______________
Hint: think about what circulation to the lungs is
called and what blood vessels that leave the heart
are called!
Pulmonary artery
Organ which produces eggs
Ovary
Opening to the digestive system in the back
of the throat
Gullet
The circulatory system in which blood
flows from the heart to the body systems
and back to the heart is the
________________ circulation. Systemic
Teeth located along the upper jaw
Maxillary
Blood returns to the left atrium from the
lungs in the _______________ __________.
Pulmonary veins
Match the function with the body part

Bone between eardrum and inner ear
_____________________
Controls higher thinking, learning,
reasoning, etc. ______________________
Vessels that carry blood away
from heart ________________
nostrils _________________
Teeth on roof of mouth _______________
Receives blood returning to
heart from lungs ______________________
columella
cerebrum
arteries
External nares
vomerine
Left atrium
Organ that produces sperm
Testes
Tube that carries eggs from the
ovary to the cloaca.
Oviduct
HEPATIC
RENAL
CORONARY
Carries blood from heart to lungs
and back to heart
Carries blood to liver
Carries blood to kidneys
Carries blood to heart itself
Carries from heart to body organs
and back to heart
LABEL THE PARTS OF THE
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
PULMONARY
SYSTEMIC
The portion of the brain closest to the spinal
cord in a frog.
Medulla oblongata
Eardrum in a frog
Tympanic membrane
Structure where eggs are stored before being
laid is the ______________
Uterus
Tube that carries eggs from the
ovary to the cloaca.
Oviduct
These yellowish fingerlike
structures store fat for
hibernation and times with
little food.
Fat bodies
This reproductive structure in
females makes eggs
ovary
Match the function with the body part

Controls motor coordination
& balance _____________________
Opening to lungs ______________________
Controls body organs ________________
Eardrum _________________
Respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________
Receives blood returning to
heart from body ______________________
cerebellum
glottis
Medulla oblongata
Tympanic membrane
gills
Sinus venosus
The thyroid gland belongs to the
__________________ system.



During periods of extreme cold
amphibians undergo a dormant time
called ________________.

endocrine
hibernation
These structures located near
the kidneys make sperm
testes
Name the 3 body systems that share the
cloaca exit cavity.



During hot, dry periods amphibians
can undergo a dormant time called
_________________.

Digestive, excretory, reproductive
estivation
Match the function with the body part

Makes bile _____________________
Stores bile ______________________
Makes trypsin
& other digestive enzymes ________________
Protects the eye underwater ________________
Respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________
Receives sperm/eggs,
urine, & digestive waste _________________
liver
Gall bladder
pancreas
Nictitating membrane
gills
cloaca
Match the function with the body part

Place where bile
& trypsin are used _____________________
Upper part of small intestine
____________________
Coiled part of small intestine ________________
Absorbs nutrients ________________
Respiratory organ in adult frogs
_____________ & __________

Small intestine
duodenum
ileum
Small intestine
Lungs skin
________________ respiration involves
breathing through skin.
cutaneous
Adult amphibians release their
nitrogen waste in the form of
_______ which is diluted with water
to make urine.
urea
Tell 2 things that have to change
INSIDE a tadpole as it becomes an
adult.




Switch from breathing with gills to
breathing with lungs & skin
switch from excreting ammonia to urea
add a chamber to heart
add a loop to circulatory system
Switch excreting nitrogen waste through
gills & kidneys to just kidneys
THE END