ME221 Lecture 9 1

ME 221 Statics

Lecture #9

Sections 9.1 9.6
ME221 Lecture 9 2
Homework #4
Chapter 4 problems:
52 & 54
Chapter 9 problems
2, 11 & 32
Due Monday, June 14

MatLab Group Problems
4.13 plot as a function of R with 0 < < 45
4.51 plot as a function of length l
4.60 plot the equivalent force and point of action
Due Monday, June 14

ME221 Lecture 9 3
Exam #1 Results
Scores posted on Angel
Solution posted on Angel
See syllabus for regrade policy
Last day to drop without a grade reported is:
Wednesday, June 9
ME221 Lecture 9 4
Second Moments of Area
(Area Moments of Inertia)
Second moments of area play a central role
in mechanics of materials and dynamics
Definition of second moment
Basic areas (rectangle, circular, triangular)
Definition of polar moment
Basic areas (circular)
Parallel axis theorem
ME221 Lecture 9 5
Moments of Area
Normally, we want the moment
with respect to centriod axes
Moment of inertia
Moment about other axes
derived from centroid case
dA
y
x
r
2 2
and
xx yy
A A
I y dA I x dA = =
} }
Characterize distribution of area about the centroid
ME221 Lecture 9 6
Moments of Basic Shapes
Rectangle
x
y
2 2
2 2
2
b h
b h
xx
I y dy dx

=
} }
( ) ( )
2
2
3 3
2 2
=
3 3
b
b
h h
dx

(

}
3
=
12
bh
Circular
x
y
( )
2
2
0 0
sin
R
xx yy
I I r rdr d
t
u u = =
} }
2
4 2
1
4
0
sin R d
t
u u =
}
4
1
4
R t =
dA = r dr du
ME221 Lecture 9 7
Polar Moment
The polar moment is the second moment of area
about the z-axis
x
y
r
2
3 4
1
2
0 0
R
Oz
J r dr d R
t
u t = =
} }
Note that: I
xx
+ I
yy
= J
Oz

yy xx oz
I I dA y x dA r J + = + = =
} }
) (
2 2 2
2 2
and
xx yy
A A
I y dA I x dA = =
} }
ME221 Lecture 9 8
Parallel Axis Theorem
The centroid of the area MUST be one of the axes used in the
parallel axis theorem.
y
d
y
x
x
C
2
2
xx xxc y
yy yyc x
I I Ad
I I Ad
= +
= +
ME221 Lecture 9 9
Radius of Gyration
An alternate, equivalent way to represent the
moment of an area
; ;
yy
xx Oz
x y z
I
I J
k k k
A A A
= = =
Distance from the point or axis to where the
area is concentrated
ME221 Lecture 9 10
Principal Second Moments
Definition of product moment of inertia
Definition of principal axes
Product of inertia axis theorem
Mohrs circle to find principal axes
Example
ME221 Lecture 9 11
Product Moment of Inertia
(Measures Antisymmetry)
Basic section with two axes of symmetry

x
y
Composite sections - product parallel axis theorem
xy
A
I xydA =
}
xy x y o o
I I x y A
' '
=
ME221 Lecture 9 12
Mohrs Circle for Principal Inertia
(Second Moment of Area about any Axis)
+I
xy

-I
xy

I
xx
, I
yy

I
yy

x
I
xx

I
xy

x
draw point (I
xx
, I
xy
) and the circle
(I
xx
+I
yy
)/2
draw circle center (I
xx
+ I
yy
)/2
x
I
MAX
I
MIN

2|
use geometry to find I
MAX
, I
MIN
and |
ANGLES IN MOHRS CIRCLE
ARE TWICE THOSE IN THE
CROSS SECTION!!!
ME221 Lecture 9 13
Example