IBM Global Services

2005 IBM Corporation Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV)

| 5.01
March-2005
ABAP List Viewer (ALV)
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 2 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Objectives
The participants will be able to :
Describe the features and advantages of ALV.
Describe the different function modules that should be used to properly produce a
report output in ALV.
Create simple ALV reports.
Format the layout of the ALV reports.
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 3 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
ALV (ABAP List Viewer)
ABAP List Viewer (ALV) is a simple, user friendly and better looking reporting
tool as compared to the usage of write statements in a conventional / interactive
report.
SAP provides a set of ALV (ABAP LIST VIEWER) function modules, which can
be put into use to embellish the output of a report. This set of ALV functions is
used to enhance the readability and functionality of any report output.
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 4 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Advantages of ALV
Looks better.
User friendly
Filtering / Sorting
Layout Change / Save
Summation, Download to excel, E-Mail
Data can be open for input / change etc.
Better Event handling
Width of more than 256 characters possible
Programming overhead of mentioning exact positions in write statements not
needed.

IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 5 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
ALV Features
Column
Heading
Row(s)
Selection
Sorting
Filtering
Email
Download to
Excel
Change
Layout
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 6 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
ALV Features (Contd.)
Fields
Open For
Input
Display
Graphics
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 7 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
ALV Programming
Two Approaches
Conventional (Using SAP Standard Function Modules).
Object Oriented (Using SAP Standard Classes and Methods).
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 8 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Common ALV functions
The commonly used ALV function modules are:
REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_DEFAULT_GET
REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_F4
REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_EXISTENCE
REUSE_ALV_EVENTS_GET
REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE
REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE
REUSE_ALV_POPUP_TO_SELECT
REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY
REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 9 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Major Steps to construct an ALV Report
Step 1 : Data Declaration.

Step 2 : Selecting the Variant for initial list display (Default Variant).
Optional : Used only if report layout is maintained through variant management.

Step 3 : Defining output characteristics: preparing display Field-catalog.

Step 4 : Build a table for Events, which are used for firing both user commands
and the system dependent events i.e. top of page, end of page etc.
Optional : Required if the report has custom buttons, interactive properties etc or you
need to display something at the top of page or end of page sections.

Step 5 : Build the Layout for report display.

Continued to next slide
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 10 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Major Steps to construct an ALV Report (Contd.)
Step 6 : Get the Selection Screen information in the report output.
Optional : Required only if you need to display selection screen values in the report
output.

Step 7 : Specify the Sorting and/or Subtotaling of the basic list.
Optional : Required when sorting and/or subtotaling is required for some columns in
the report output.

Step 8 : Finally display report output, using the following ALV functions
modules:
1. REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE
2. REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY
Or
REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY


IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 11 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Step 1: Data Declaration
SAP Standard type pools: SLIS , KKBLO .

SAP Standard tables types taken from the type pools are:
SLIS_LAYOUT_ALV ,
SLIS_T_FIELDCAT_ALV,
SLIS_T_LISTHEADER,
SLIS_T_EVENT,
SLIS_SELFIELD.

Internal tables to be used in the program declared based on the above table
types:
DATA: I_LAYOUT TYPE SLIS_LAYOUT_ALV,
I_FIELDTAB TYPE SLIS_T_FIELDCAT_ALV,
I_HEADING TYPE SLIS_T_LISTHEADER,
I_EVENTS TYPE SLIS_T_EVENT.
TYPES: KKBLO_SELFIELD TYPE SLIS_SELFIELD.
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 12 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01

CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_DEFAULT_GET'
* EXPORTING
I_SAVE = Variant save condition ( A=all, U = user-
specific )
CHANGING
cs_variant = Internal table containing the program name (
and the
default variant: Optional )
* EXCEPTIONS
* WRONG_INPUT = 1
* NOT_FOUND = 2
* PROGRAM_ERROR = 3
* OTHERS = 4.
.
Step 2: Selecting the Variant for initial list display (Default
Variant).
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 13 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
ALV Function Modules : REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_F4

CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_F4'
EXPORTING
is_variant =
* I_TABNAME_HEADER =
* I_TABNAME_ITEM =
* IT_DEFAULT_FIELDCAT =
* I_SAVE = ' '
* I_DISPLAY_VIA_GRID = ' '
* IMPORTING
* E_EXIT =
* ES_VARIANT =
* EXCEPTIONS
* NOT_FOUND = 1
* PROGRAM_ERROR = 2
* OTHERS = 3.
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 14 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01

CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_EXISTENCE'
* EXPORTING
* I_SAVE = ' '
CHANGING
cs_variant =
* EXCEPTIONS
* WRONG_INPUT = 1
* NOT_FOUND = 2
* PROGRAM_ERROR = 3
* OTHERS = 4.

ALV Function Modules : REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_EXISTENCE
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 15 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Step 3: Defining output characteristics: preparing display
Field-catalog
A field catalog is prepared using the internal table (I_FIELDCAT) of type
SLIS_T_FIELDCAT_ALV.
The field catalog for the output table is built-up in the caller's coding. The build-up
can be completely or partially automated by calling the
REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE module.
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 16 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Specifying attributes for fields in Field Catalog
All the values entered in the catalog is specific to the particular field whose name
is entered in the field FIELDNAME of the field catalog structure. The name of the
table is also entered in the corresponding Fieldname TABNAME of the structure.
Some important attributes that can be defined for a field are:
Col_pos (column position)
Fieldname (field name)
Tabname (internal output table)
Ref_fieldname (reference field name)
Ref_tabname (reference table/structure field name
Link to currency unit
Cfieldname (currency unit field name)
Ctabname (internal currency unit field output table)
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 17 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Specifying attributes for fields in Field Catalog (Contd.)
Link to measurement unit
Qfieldname (measurement unit field name)
Qtabname (internal measurement unit field output table)
Outputlen (column width)
Key (key column)
No_out (field in field list)
Emphasize (highlight columns in color)
Hotspot (column as hotspot)

IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 18 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Specifying attributes for fields in Field Catalog (Contd.)
Fix_column (fix column)
Do_sum (sum over column)
No_sum (sums forbidden)
Icon
Just (justification)
Lzero (leading zeros)
No_sign (no +/- sign)
Edit_mask (field formatting)
The following parameters are used for customizing the texts in the heading of the output
of the columns.
Seltext_l (long field label)
Seltext_m (medium field label)
Seltext_s (short field label)

IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 19 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Step 4: Build a table for Events

*Internal Table needed for events
DATA: i_events TYPE slis_t_event.

*Calling Function module to populate table with possible events
CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_EVENTS_GET'
EXPORTING
i_list_type = 0
IMPORTING
et_events = i_events
EXCEPTIONS
list_type_wrong = 1
OTHERS = 2.

SORT i_events BY name.

Continued to next page

IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 20 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Step 4: Build a table for Events (Contd.)

SORT i_events BY name.

*Reading events table
READ TABLE i_events
WITH KEY name = 'TOP_OF_PAGE' BINARY SEARCH.

IF sy-subrc IS INITIAL.
*Assign event name to variable
MOVE 'TOP_OF_PAGE' TO i_events-form.
MODIFY i_events INDEX sy-tabix.
ENDIF.
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 21 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Step 5: Build the Layout for report display
A layout is build for the report output description USING the internal table for
Layout (I_LAYOUT).
The layout parameters are described under the following heads:
Display options
Exceptions
Totals
Interaction
Detail screen
Color
Other


IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 22 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Preparing the Layout (Contd.)
DATA: st_layout TYPE slis_layout_alv, " ALV Layout

st_layout-box_fieldname = 'BOX'. " Box Fieldname
st_layout-get_selinfos = 'X'. " Get info of select records
st_layout-colwidth_optimize = 'X'. " To optimize coloumn width
st_layout-no_keyfix = 'X'. " To scroll Key fields
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 23 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Step 6 : Get the Selection Screen information in the report
output.
For this you need to set the parameter LAYOUT-GET_SELINFOS of the Layout
structure
If the calling program is a report with an ABAP/4 selection screen, setting this
parameter makes ALV read the selection screen again. If the selections are read
successfully, a pushbutton, via which the user can call a popup which lists the
report selections in a simple form, becomes active on the results list output by
ALV.

IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 24 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Step 7 : Specify the Sorting and/or Subtotaling of the basic list.
The Table IT_SORT is populated with the sort criteria for the different fields.
The caller specifies the Sorting and/or Subtotaling of the basic list in the internal
table IT_SORT.
This internal table has the following fields:
spos : Sort sequence
fieldname : Internal output table field name
tabname : Only relevant for hierarchical-sequential lists. Name of the internal output
table.
up : 'X' = sort in ascending order
down : 'X' = sort in descending order
subtot : 'X' = subtotal at group value change
group : '* ' = new page at group value change ,'UL' = underline at group value change
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 25 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Step 8 : Display the Report output
Finally display report output, using the following ALV functions modules:

REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE
REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY
OR
REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY
1.
2.
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 26 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Display ALV List

CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'
EXPORTING
I_CALLBACK_PROGRAM = WS_REPNAME
I_STRUCTURE_NAME = Internal output table field name
IS_LAYOUT = I_LAYOUT
IT_FIELDCAT = I_FIELDTAB
I_DEFAULT = 'A'
I_SAVE = 'A'
IS_VARIANT = 'X'
IT_EVENTS = I_EVENTS[]
IT_SORT = I_SORT
IS_SEL_HIDE = I_SELINFO
TABLES
T_OUTTAB = Internal output table field name.


IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 27 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
ALV Function Modules : Important Parameters
IMPORTING
I_CALLBACK_PROGRAM
I_CALLBACK_USER_COMMAND
I_STRUCTURE_NAME
IS_LAYOUT
IT_FIELDCAT
IT_EXCLUDING
IT_SPECIAL_GROUPS
IT_SORT
IT_FILTER
IS_SEL_HIDE
I_DEFAULT
I_SAVE
IS_VARIANT
IS_PRINT
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EXPORTING
E_EXIT_CAUSED_BY_CALLER
ES_EXIT_CAUSED_BY_USER
TABLES
T_OUTTAB
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 28 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
REPORT Y_DEMO_ALV_LIST NO STANDARD PAGE HEADING.

* Data to be displayed
DATA: I_SFLIGHT TYPE TABLE OF SFLIGHT.

* Selection
SELECT * FROM SFLIGHT INTO TABLE I_SFLIGHT.

* Call ABAP List Viewer (ALV)
CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'
EXPORTING
I_STRUCTURE_NAME = 'SFLIGHT'
TABLES
T_OUTTAB = I_SFLIGHT.
Simple Program Walkthrough : REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 29 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Result: REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 30 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Demonstration
Creation of a simple ALV list report using the function module
REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY.

IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 31 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Practice
Creation of a simple ALV list report using the function module
REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY.
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 32 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
REPORT Y_DEMO_ALV_GRID .

* Data to be displayed
DATA: I_SFLIGHT TYPE TABLE OF SFLIGHT.

* Selection
SELECT * FROM SFLIGHT INTO TABLE I_SFLIGHT.

* Call ABAP List Viewer (ALV)
CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'
EXPORTING
I_STRUCTURE_NAME = 'SFLIGHT'
TABLES
T_OUTTAB = I_SFLIGHT.
Simple Program Walkthrough: REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 33 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Result : REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 34 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Demonstration
Create a simple ALV grid report using the function module
REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY

IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 35 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Practice
Create a simple ALV grid report using the function module
REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY

IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 36 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
In the PARAMETERS give
I_GRID_TITLE = 'Flight Information and Call the function
'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'
Title
Simple Program Walkthrough:
Including Title in the Report for GRID DISPLAY
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 37 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Simple Program Walkthrough:
Using FIELDCAT to Position Columns
DATA: i_fcat TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv,
wa_fcat TYPE slis_fieldcat_alv.

wa_fcat-tabname = 'I_SFLIGHT'.
wa_fcat-col_pos = '1'.
wa_fcat-fieldname = 'CARRID'.
append wa_fcat to i_fcat.

wa_fcat-col_pos = '2'.
wa_fcat-fieldname = 'FLDATE'.
append wa_fcat to i_fcat.

wa_fcat-col_pos = '3'.
wa_fcat-fieldname = 'CONNID'.
append wa_fcat to i_fcat.

wa_fcat-col_pos = '4'.
wa_fcat-fieldname = 'PRICE'.
APPEND wa_fcat TO i_fcat.
wa_fcat-fieldname = 'CURRENCY'.
wa_fcat-no_out = 'X'.
APPEND wa_fcat TO i_fcat.

wa_fcat-fieldname = 'PLANETYPE'.
wa_fcat-no_out = 'X'.
APPEND wa_fcat TO i_fcat.

In the function module pass :
IT_FIELDCAT = i_fcat


IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 38 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Result :
CARRID
PRICE
CONNID
FLDATE
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 39 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Demonstration
Creating a simple ALV report by populating the field catalog table, using the
function module REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY.

IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 40 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Practice
Creating a simple ALV report by populating the field catalog table, using the
function module REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY.

IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 41 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
1. Go to Transaction SE41(Menu Painter).
2. Give the Program as SAPLKKBL and the Status as STANDARD.
3. Now copy the STANDARD status of the Program SAPLKKBL to a customized
status YALVGRID for Program Y_DEMO_ALV_GRID.
4. Go to the Program Y_DEMO_ALV_GRID and create a Subroutine
SET_PF_STATUS using rt_extab TYPE SLIS_T_EXTAB for setting the
standard ALV PF-STATUS to the customized PF-STATUS YALVGRID.

FORM set_pf_status USING p_rt_extab TYPE slis_t_extab.

SET PF-STATUS 'YALVGRID'.

ENDFORM. " set_pf_status
Simple Program Walkthrough:
Changing the Default Status Bar of ALV
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 42 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Simple Program Walkthrough:
Changing the Default Status Bar of ALV (Contd.)
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 43 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01

CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'
EXPORTING
I_STRUCTURE_NAME = 'SFLIGHT'
I_CALLBACK_PROGRAM = 'Y_DEMO_ALV_GRID'
I_CALLBACK_PF_STATUS_SET = 'SET_PF_STATUS'
IT_FIELDCAT = i_fcat
I_GRID_TITLE = 'Flight Information'
TABLES
T_OUTTAB = I_SFLIGHT.

Call the function module REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY as:

Simple Program Walkthrough:
Changing the Default Status Bar of ALV (Contd.)
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 44 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Result : Changing the Default Status Bar of ALV (Contd.)
Custom Button
for adding extra
functionality
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 45 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Demonstration
Creating a simple ALV report by changing the default status bar, using the
function module REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY.

IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 46 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Practice
Creating a simple ALV report by changing the default status bar, using the
function module REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY.

IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 47 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Simple Program Walkthrough : Adding Function Codes
FORM user_command USING v_ucomm LIKE sy-ucomm
v_selfield TYPE slis_selfield.
CASE v_ucomm.
WHEN 'BACK'.
* When Back button is pressed is pressed leave list
LEAVE LIST-PROCESSING.
ENDCASE.
ENDFORM.


Create a Subroutine user_command USING v_ucomm LIKE sy-ucomm
v_selfield TYPE slis_selfield.









During the Call to the function module REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY, add
another parameter I_CALLBACK_USER_COMMAND =
USER_COMMAND'.













IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 48 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Simple Program Walkthrough : Make some fields Editable
Make the field PRICE editable by updating the field catalog.
wa_fcat-col_pos = '4'.
wa_fcat-fieldname = 'PRICE'.
wa_fcat-edit = 'X'.

append wa_fcat to i_fcat.
clear wa_fcat.
To make PRICE
field editable
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 49 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Result : Field Editable
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 50 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Demonstration
Creating a simple ALV report by making one of its column editable, using the
function module REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY.

IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 51 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Practice
Creating a simple ALV report by making one of its column editable, using the
function module REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY.

IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 52 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Summary
ABAP List Viewer (ALV) is a simple, user friendly and better looking reporting tool
as compared to the usage of write statements in a conventional / interactive
report.
ALV report has several inbuilt User Friendly properties as:
Filtering / Sorting
Layout Change / Save
Summation, Download to excel, E-Mail
Data can be open for input / change etc.
The main ALV Function Modules are:
REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY
REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY
REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE
Status STANDARD of the main program SAPLKKBL is copied and then changed
to create a new customized GUI status for any ALV report.
IBM Global Services
2005 IBM Corporation 53 March-2005 Overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) | 5.01
Questions
What is ALV ?
What are the main differences between an ALV report and a classical report?
What are the main function modules used to create an ALV List?
What are the main differences between ALV list and ALV grid?
What are the different ways to populate the FIELD CATALOG table?
How can we change the default status bar of an ALV List?
How can we handle custom function code in ALV ?
How can we make a certain columns of an ALV list editable?