Momentum.

Law od
Conservation of Momentum
Momentum
Momentum = mass velocity
p = m v
Determine the momentum of a ...
a. 60-kg halfback moving eastward at 9 m/s.
b. 1000-kg car moving northward at 20 m/s.
c. 40-kg freshman moving southward at 2 m/s.

C. p = m*v = 40 kg*2 m/s
p = 80 kgm/s, south
A. p = m*v = 60 kg*9 m/s
p = 540 kgm/s, east
B. p = m*v = 1000 kg*20 m/s
p = 20 000 kgm/s, north
A halfback (m = 60 kg), a tight end (m = 90 kg), and a lineman (m = 120 kg)
are running down the football field. Consider their ticker tape patterns below.


Compare the velocities of these three players. How many times greater are
the velocity of the halfback and the velocity of the tight end than the velocity
of the lineman?

Which player has the greatest momentum? Explain.
A. The tight end travels twice the distance of the lineman in the same amount of
time. Thus, the tight end is twice as fast (v
tight end
= 6 m/s). The halfback travels
three times the distance of the lineman in the same amount of time. Thus, the
halfback is three times as fast (v
halfback
= 9 m/s).

B. Both the halfback and the tight end have the greatest momentum. The each
have the same amount of momentum - 540 kg*m/s. The lineman only has 360
kg*m/s.
Momentum and Impulse
Impulse = Change in momentum
Greatest velocity change?
Greatest acceleration?
Greatest momentum change?
Greatest Impulse?
Now consider a collision of a tennis ball with a wall. Depending on the physical properties
of the ball and wall, the speed at which the ball rebounds from the wall upon colliding
with it will vary. The diagrams below depict the changes in velocity of the same ball. For
each representation (vector diagram, velocity-time graph, and ticker tape pattern),
indicate which case (A or B) has the greatest change in velocity, greatest acceleration,
greatest momentum change, and greatest impulse. Support each answer.


d. The impulse is greatest in case B. Impulse
equals momentum change and the momentum
change is greatest in case B
Greatest velocity change?
Greatest acceleration?
Greatest momentum change?
Greatest Impulse?
a. The velocity change is greatest in case B. The
velocity changes from +30 m/s to -28 m/s. This
is a change of 58 m/s (-) and is greater than in
case A (-15 m/s).
b. The acceleration is greatest in case B.
Acceleration depends on velocity change and
the velocity change is greatest in case B
c. The momentum change is greatest in case
B. Momentum change depends on velocity
change and the velocity change is greatest in
case B
Greatest velocity change?
Greatest acceleration?
Greatest momentum change?
Greatest Impulse?
d. The impulse is greatest in case A. Impulse
equals momentum change and the
momentum change is greatest in case A (as
stated above).
a. The velocity change is greatest in case A. The v
changes from +5 m/s to -3 m/s. This is a change
of 8 m/s (-) and is greater than in case B (-4 m/s).
b. The acceleration is greatest in case A.
Acceleration depends on velocity change and the
velocity change is greatest in case A (as stated
above).
c. The momentum change is greatest in case A.
Momentum change depends on velocity change
and the velocity change is greatest in case A (as
stated above).
Inelastic Collision
Elastic Collision
Momentum Conservation Principle
For a collision occurring between object 1 and
object 2 in an isolated system, the total
momentum of the two objects before the
collision is equal to the total momentum of the
two objects after the collision. That is, the
momentum lost by object 1 is equal to the
momentum gained by object 2.