Es Wiring Rules Seminar Notes

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Wiring Rules Information
Seminar

AS/NZS 3000:2007
WHATS NEW
A survey found industry wanted a document that:

Is more suited to the present regulatory structure;

Is more logical and easier to understand;

Reinstates much of the guidance information that was
removed from the 2000 edition;

Has more examples.
WHATS NEW

Standard is in 2 parts bound as 1 document:

Part 1

provides uniform essential elements that constitute
minimum regulatory requirements;

Part 2

provides installation practices that achieve certainty of
compliance with Part 1.

WHATS NEW

Preface contains details of 56 additions and alterations
included in the new Standard.
These include:
extended application of safety switches;
protection against arcing faults;
requirements for discrimination between circuits;
installation couplers recognised as a suitable means of
connection;
(continued)
WHATS NEW

strengthening requirements for the prevention of the spread
of fire;
enhanced requirements for recessed luminaires;
requirements for sanitisation areas in the food processing
industry;
mandatory testing of safety switches for correct operation;
additional appendices, improved index, more logical
layout, further illustrations and background information.
PART 1
DEFINITIONS
Revised definition:
Clause 1.4.82 Safety service
A system or component that operates to identify an
emergency, or is intended to operate during an emergency,
and is primarily associated with
(a) the safety of persons evacuating a building; or
(b) fire-fighting operations; or
(c) fire suppression.
Called emergency systems or essential equipment in
previous editions.
PART 1
DEFINITIONS
New definition:
Clause 1.4.69 Outbuilding
A structure completely separated by an area of land from
another structure containing the switchboard from which
supply is obtained.

See Clause 5.5.3.3 Earthing of outbuildings.
PART 1
SCOPE, APPLICATION AND FUNDAMENTAL
PRINCIPLES
Part 1 (Section 1) provides a mechanism for acceptance of
design practices that may not be addressed in Part 2.

This mechanism is only intended to apply where
departures from the methods in Part 2 are significant.

However, a degree of flexibility exists within Part 2.
PART 1

Clause 1.9.4 Compliance by specific design and installation.

Certain installations or portions of installations that may
have unusual requirements, applications or intended use,
that cannot meet Part 2 may use a specific design and
installation method.
PART 1

Such installations may be deemed suitable provided that
they:
satisfy the fundamental safety principles of Part 1;
result in a degree of safety not less than that which would
be achieved by compliance with the particular
requirements of this Standard; and
satisfy the other requirements of this Standard as detailed
in this Clause.
The remaining portions of such installations shall comply
with Part 2.

PART 1

If all or part of the design/construction is not based on Part
2, this choice must be made by the designer prior to final
certification of construction by the person carrying out the
construction.

Any departures from Part 2 must be formally
acknowledged by the installation owner or operator.

The designer shall document the Part 1 design.
PART 1

Documentation must:
be in English;
state why Part 2 was not used;
list the verification requirements that are required to ensure
compliance;
state how compliance with Part 1 is achieved;
contain the owner/operators acknowledgement as to the
departures from Part 2;
PART 1

List any requirements where the design requires specific
use;
List the verification undertaken to ensure compliance and
include the results of this verification.
Be retained by the designer and also on site by the person
with overall responsibility for the installation.
PART 2
GENERAL
Part 2 provides installation practices that achieve
compliance with Part 1.
It generally retains the structure of AS/NZS 3000:2000.
It restores information from AS 3000:1991.
Emphasis placed on common, practicable and cost-
effective methods.

PART 2 SECTION 2
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT, CONTROL AND
PROTECTION
Clause: 2.2.1.2 Common neutral
A common neutral conductor may be used for two or
more circuits subject to the following conditions:
(a) The continuity of the common neutral shall not depend
on connections at the terminals of electrical equipment,
including control switches.
(b) The circuits shall be controlled and protected by linked
circuit breakers.
(c) The neutral shall be marked at the switchboard to
identify the associated active conductors. (Cl. 2.9.9.5)
SECTION 2
Clause: 2.3.3.2 Number of main switches
The number of main switches should be kept to the
minimum practicable to provide effective operation in an
emergency.
Domestic installations:
One switch per separately metered supply;
Where there is more than one separately controlled supply
from a meter, a main switch is required for each supply.
SECTION 2

Clause: 2.5.1.1 requires overcurrent protection of the
consumers mains in accordance with one of the following:
short circuit and overload protection at the origin (point of
supply);
short circuit at the origin and overload protection at the
main switchboard;
short circuit protection not required where overload
protection is provided at main swb. and mains are
constructed and installed to Clause 3.9.7.1.2. (unprotected
U/G tee-off arrangement)

SECTION 2

Clause: 2.5.1.1 (continued)
Note:
Distributors Service fuse will provide short circuit
protection. (Requirement of the Qld Electrical Safety
Act & Regulation 2002)
Distributors circuit breaker may provide both short
circuit and overload protection.


SECTION 2

Note:
Consumers mains supplying circuits that are
individually protected against overload are deemed to
have overload protection where the sum of the circuit
breaker ratings does not exceed the current carrying
capacity of the consumers mains.
Eg. Simple domestic installation with gas range and water
heater comprising of 2 20A power circuits and 2
10A lighting circuits and 63A consumers mains
will comply with the above.


SECTION 2

Clause: 2.5.5.1 Protection against switchboard internal
arcing fault currents

Protection against arcing faults while equipment is in
service, or is undergoing maintenance, shall be provided
for heavy current switchboards. (ie. switchboards >800A
per phase).

The supply conductors up to the line side of the protective
devices shall be provided with means to reduce initiation
of arcing faults by insulation or by separation.

SECTION 2

Clause: 2.5.5.2
Heavy current switchboards shall be provided with internal
separation in accordance with AS/NZS 3439.1.

Note:
Arc fault containment is not required and is considered to
be an enhancement of internal separation.
See Clause 7.2.8 for switchboards supplying Safety
Services.

SECTION 2

Clause: 2.5.5.3
Protective devices shall be provided to limit, as far as
practicable, the harmful effects of a switchboard internal
arcing fault by automatic disconnection.

Note:
Switchboards complying with AS/NZS 3439.1
Forms 3b 4bh should meet these requirements.

SECTION 2

Clause: 2.5.7.1 Reliability of supply

The electrical installation shall be designed to provide a
reliable supply by dividing the electrical installation into
appropriate circuits and selecting protective devices with
appropriate discrimination so that in the event of a fault
occurring, the loss of supply resulting from operation of a
protective device is minimized.

The selection and setting of the protective devices shall be
verified by inspection.

SECTION 2

Clause: 2.5.7.2 Coordination of protective devices
Coordination of various protective devices requires
consideration of both discrimination and backup
(cascading) protection.

Clause 2.5.7.2.3 General supply circuit discrimination
In accordance with Clause 2.5.7.1, to minimize loss of
supply, discrimination shall be arranged between
protective devices for outgoing circuits and the upstream
protective device.
Downstream devices shall be selected to discriminate with
upstream devices, using time-current curves.

SECTION 2


SECTION 2
SECTION 2

Clause: 2.6.1 RCD protection - General
The use of fixed setting RCDs with a rated operating
residual current not exceeding 30mA, is recognized as
providing additional protection in areas where excessive
earth leakage current in the event of failure of other
measures of protection or carelessness by users could
present a significant risk of electric shock.

SECTION 2

Clause: 2.6.2.3 Protection against initiation of fire

Although not a mandatory requirement of this Standard, to
provide additional protection against the initiation of fire
caused by leakage current across insulation, a Type S RCD
with a rated residual current in the range of 100 mA to 300
mA may be used as a main switch in a domestic
installation.

SECTION 2

Clause: 2.6.2.4 Arrangement
Where RCDs are required in accordance with Clause 2.6.3
the circuits shall be arranged as follows:
(a) Not more than 3 final subcircuits shall be protected by
any one RCD; and
(b) Where
(i) the number of RCDs exceeds 1; and
(ii) more than 1 lighting circuit is installed;
lighting circuits shall be distributed between
RCDs.
(c) In domestic installations having more than 1 final
subcircuit, a minimum of 2 RCDs shall be installed.

SECTION 2

Clause: 2.6.3.1 Residential electrical installations

RCDs are required for socket outlets and lighting circuits
in residential electrical installations. And also for:
(c) directly connected hand-held (Cl.1.4.8) electrical
equipment, eg directly connected hair dryers or tools;
forming part of
(i) individual domestic installations; or
(ii) residential areas of other electrical installations
(motels, hospitals etc); or
(iii) multiple residential electrical installations that are
provided for common use;
SECTION 2

Exceptions:
Sockets outlets located in a home dialysis installation shall
be protected in accordance with Clause 2.6.3.3.

Clause: 2.6.3.3 Home dialysis installations
In accordance with AS/NZS 3003 medical equipment used
in home dialysis installations shall be:
(a) supplied by a dedicated circuit; and
(b) protected by a 10mA RCD positioned so that it may
be reset by the patient while under treatment.
SECTION 2

Clause: 2.6.3.2 Other electrical installations
Additional protection by 30mA RCDs shall be provided
for final subcircuits supplying
(a) socket outlets having a rated current not exceeding
20A; and
(b) one or more lighting points and having a rated current
not exceeding 20A; and
(c) directly connected hand-held electrical equipment.
SECTION 2

Note: The final subcircuits referred to in Item (b) include,
without limitation, those supplying the following:
(a) External lighting installations, such as bollard-type
luminaires; and
(b) Illuminated signs; and
(c) Ground mounted lighting for the illumination of
public features.
Exception: Where disconnection could cause a dangerous
situation. E.g. Traffic lights.
SECTION 2

Clause: 2.6.3.4 Alterations, additions and repairs
Socket outlets added to an existing circuit shall be
protected by an RCD.
Exception:
(a) Where socket outlets or lighting points are not RCD
protected are replaced, including the replacement of a
single outlet with a multiple.
(b) Extensions to circuits supplying lighting points only,
provided the existing circuit is not RCD protected.

SECTION 2
Clause 2.9.2.5 (k)
PART 2 SECTION 3
SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF WIRING
SYSTEMS
Clause: 3.5.2(b)(ii) Neutral conductor Multiple phase
The current carrying capacity of the neutral conductor of
multiphase consumers mains, submains or final subcircuit
shall be not less than that of the current carrying capacity
of the largest associated active conductor.
Exception 2:
Current carrying capacity of the neutral can be lower if
detection device fitted.

SECTION 3

Clause: 3.6.2 Voltage drop
Voltage drop remains at 5% with several exceptions. The
most common exception is shown below.
Exceptions:
3. Where the point of supply is the low voltage
terminals of a substation located on the premises
containing the electrical installation and dedicated to
the installation, the permissible voltage drop may be
increased to 7%.
SECTION 3

Clause: 3.9.3.2 Suspended ceilings
(a) Wiring systems may be supported by the suspended
ceiling system unless this is not permitted by the
suspended ceiling manufacturer; and
(b) Cables shall be provided with additional protection
against mechanical injury where in contact with
conductive ceiling support runners (Cl. 3.3.2.6); and
(c) Wiring systems installed above suspended ceilings shall
be fixed at suitable intervals to prevent undue sagging of
cables.
Note 2: National Building Codes may restrict use of
suspended ceilings to support services.
SECTION 3

SECTION 3

Clause: 3.11.4.4 & TABLE 3.6 U/G wiring systems

SECTION 3

SECTION 3

SECTION 3

Clause: 3.11.4.5 Identification of U/G wiring systems
Underground wiring systems shall be identified by an
orange marker tape complying with AS/NZS 2648.1 and
positioned at approximately 50% of the depth of cover
above the wiring system or any additional mechanical
protection.
Exception:
Underground wiring systems installed by boring,
provided the location is marked and recorded in a readily
available permanent location. If a pipe is retained after
the boring operation, orange-coloured pipe or conduit is
recommended.
SECTION 3

Clause: 3.11.4.6 Marking and recording of U/G cable
location
The presence of U/G wiring shall be marked and
recorded as follows:
(a) Permanent cable marker signs shall be provided to
indicate the point where a cable enters or leaves a
structure;
Exception:
Cable entry signs need not be provided where the
position of U/G cable entry into the ground is obvious.

SECTION 3

Clause: 3.11.4.6 Marking and recording of U/G cable
location (continued)
or
The route shall be recorded on a plan to enable future
location. This plan shall be located at the switchboard
from which the circuit originates. The plan locating the
consumers mains shall be kept at the main switchboard.

PART 2 - SECTION 4
SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF
APPLIANCES AND ACCESSORIES

Clause: 4.5.2.3 Recessed luminaires
Recessed luminaires and their auxiliary equipment shall
be installed in a manner designed to minimize
temperature rise and prevent the risk of fire.
This requirement shall be satisfied by one of the
following methods:
(a) The use of a luminaire specifically designed and
certified by the manufacturer to permit
(i) contact with combustible materials; or
(ii) enclosure or covering by thermal insulation, as
appropriate to the location of the luminaire.
SECTION 4

Clause: 4.5.2.3 Recessed luminaires (continued)

(b) Installation of the luminaire within a fire-resistant
enclosure.
(c) Provision of required clearances from combustible and
thermal insulating material as specified by the
manufacturer of the luminaire.
(d) Provision of the default clearances from combustible and
thermal insulating material as specified in Figure 4.7.
Where manufacturers installation instructions that
specify required clearances are not available the
luminaire shall be installed in accordance with (b) or
(d).

SECTION 4

Clause: 4.5.2.3 Recessed luminaires (continued)
Where thermal insulation is of a type that is not fixed in
position, e.g. loose fill, a barrier or guard constructed of
fire-resistant material shall be provided and secured in
position to maintain the necessary clearance (see Figure
4.7).
Where thermal insulation may reasonably be expected to
be installed in the space containing a recessed luminare,
the luminaire shall be installed in such a manner as to
provide for the subsequent installation of thermal
insulation.


SECTION 4

SECTION 5 - EARTHING

SECTION 5

Clause 5.5.1.3 Labeling
The main earthing conductor shall have a permanent label
attached at the connection to the earth electrode with a
legible warning against disconnection in the following
form:
WARNING: MAIN ELECTRICAL EARTHING
CONDUCTORDO NOT DISCONNECT
Exception: Where the method of connection to the
electrode precludes disconnection this requirement need
not apply.
SECTION 5

SECTION 5

Clause 5.6.2.5 Showers and bathrooms

Any conductive reinforcing within a concrete floor or
wall forming part of a shower or bathroom shall be
bonded to the earthing system of the electrical installation
to avoid any potential differences that may occur between
conductive piping (including taps, drain, etc) connected
to, or in contact with, the electrical installation earthing
system and the concrete floor or wall.
SECTION 5

Clause 5.6.2.5 Showers and bathrooms (continued)
An equipotential bonding conductor, in accordance with
Clause 5.6.3, shall be connected between the reinforcing
material and any part of the earthing system within the
room.

Note: Clause 5.6.3.2(b) requires 4mm
2
conductor.
PART 2 - SECTION 6
DAMP SITUATIONS

Clause 6.7 Sanitization and general hosing-down operations
Electrical installations where the requirements of this
clause may apply include, without limitation, food
production or processing areas and agricultural or
horticultural premises, such as rooms, locations or
areas where
(a) livestock are kept; or
(b) feed, fertilizers, vegetable or animal are produced,
stored, prepared or processed; or
SECTION 6

Clause 6.7 Sanitization and general hosing-down operations
(continued)

(c) Plants are grown, such as greenhouses or hydroponic
installations; or
(d) Agricultural or horticultural products are produced,
prepared or processed, e.g. dairies, drying, stewing,
pressing out, fermenting, butchering, meat processing,
etc.
Clause 6.7.4.4. Switchboards shall have IPX6 enclosures.

PART 2 - SECTION 7
SPECIAL ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS

Clause 7.3 Electrical Generation Systems

New Clause covering:
(i) Engine-driven generator sets;
(ii) Stand-alone power systems, e.g. photovoltaic, wind
turbine etc;
(iii) Grid-connected inverter systems.
SECTION 7

Clause 7.3.5.2.2 - RCDs

Where an electricity generation system includes an inverter,
the RCD shall be of a type suitable for the waveform of the
particular inverter, and in accordance with the inverter
manufacturers instructions.

Note: Requirements for types of RCDs are set out in Clause
2.6.2.2.
SECTION 2

Clause 2.6.2.2 Types of RCDs
States in part:
In Australia, an RCD shall be of the type that tripping is
ensured when the waveform is sinusoidal.
Note:
1. The possible waveform of a fault current to earth can
affect the operation of an RCD and shall be taken into
account for the selection of the type of RCD.
SECTION 7

SECTION 7

SECTION 7

Clause 7.8 Specific Electrical Installation Standards

This Clause outlines those Standards that are applicable to
specific electrical installations.
AS/NZS 3001 Relocatable installations and their site
supply;
AS/NZS 3002 Shows and carnivals;
AS/NZS 3003 Electromedical treatment areas;
AS/NZS 3004 Marinas and recreational boats;
SECTION 7

Clause 7.8 Specific Electrical Installation Standards
(continued)
AS/NZS 3012 Construction & demolition sites;
AS/NZS 3832 Cold-cathode illumination systems (HV
neon);
AS/NZS 3015 Telecommunications networks power
supplies;
Installations complying with AS/NZS 3018 (Single
domestic installations) are deemed to comply with this
Standard.
SECTION 7

Guidance Standards:
AS/NZS 3010 Generating sets;
AS/NZS 3014 & 3016 Electric fences
AS/NZS 4249 Film, video & TV sites.

Appendix A contains a list of referenced documents,
compliance with which is called up as a mandatory
requirement for those Standards listed as Normative
References.
SECTION 8
VERIFICATION

Clause 8.3.6.2 Results
The insulation resistance between
(a) the conductors of consumers mains and submains; and
(b) live and earthed parts of an electrical installation, or
parts thereof, including consumers mains and submains
shall be not less than 1 M.

SECTION 8

Clause 8.3.9.1 Socket outlets not RCD protected
The impedance required for automatic disconnection of
supply to socket outlet circuits not RCD protected shall
be verified by
(a) verification of the total resistance (R
phe
) of the active
and protective earthing conductors; or
(b) where supply is available, verification of the earth fault
loop impedance,
in accordance with Clause 8.3.9.3. (eg. measurement or
by using a fault loop impedance test device).
S. 12 Electrical Safety Regulation 2002.

SECTION 8


SECTION 8

Clause 8.3.10 Operation of RCDs
Where supply is available, the function of the RCD shall be
verified by the operation of the integral test device, or by
the use of special test equipment.

Tests shall be performed on each final subcircuit protected
by an RCD to verify that the RCD functions correctly to
disconnect the designated circuit

Clause 8.3.10.3 The RCD shall disconnect
supply.

SECTION 8

Clause 8.4 Date of initial energisation of an installation

The date of initial energisation of an installation should be
available on-site, either by marking or in an accessible
record.

Either month and year or year only will be acceptable.
APPENDIX C

APPENDIX C

APPENDIX C

Examples of other Tables in Appendix C:
TABLE C1 Maximum demand single & multiple
domestic;
TABLE C2 Maximum demand non-domestic;

TABLE C3 Maximum demand Energy demand method
for non-domestic installations;
TABLE C8 Guidance on the loading of points per final
subcircuit.

APPENDIX D

APPENDIX D

Examples of Tables in Appendix D:

TABLE D1 Sinking of posts/poles in ground;
TABLE D2 Force exerted by aerial line conductors;
TABLE D6 Round hardwood pole - strength ratings;
TABLE D10 Grade 250 steel pipe strength ratings;
TABLE D12(a) Grade 350 steel square section strength
ratings.

OTHER NEW APPENDICES

APPENDIX E Electrical installation requirements in
National Building Codes (e.g. BCA);
APPENDIX F Installation of surge protective devices;
APPENDIX G Degrees of protection of enclosed equipment
(i.e. IP ratings);
APPENDIX H WS Classification of wiring systems (i.e.
fire ratings);
APPENDIX I Protective device ratings and sizes of
imperial cables;
APPENDIX J1 Symbols used in this Standard.

WHAT HAPPENS NEXT?

Electrical work commenced under AS/NZS 3000:2000
prior to 01/06/2008 may continue;
Electrical work which has been quoted and a contract has
been awarded may be performed under AS/NZS
3000:2000;
Large projects designed under AS/NZS 3000:2000 (e.g.
shopping centres) may be performed under that Standard.
Can be applied immediately, but comes into force in Qld on
01/06/2008.

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