Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Sri Sainathnagar, A.Rangampet, Tirupathi-517102
A DWT based Approach for
Steganography Using Biometrics
by

V.Sreenija (07121A04A3)
Y V S G Phani S (07121A04C9)
Sagar K (07121A0494)
G.Kullaiswamy (08125A0411)
K.V.V.Prasad (08125A0412)


A Presentation on
Under the guidance of
Prof. P .V .Ramana
Professor of ECE
IMAGE HIDING METHODS
OBJECTIVE

Investigate the use of edge embedding methods.
Investigate the use of skin tone detection in Steganography.
Combine edge embedding with skin tone detection to create a
new adaptive Steganography method.
STEGANOGRAPHY
A Greek word Covered Writing
Stega covered, from the Greek stegos or roof
-nography writing, from the Greek graphia.

Steganography is defined as the science of hiding or
embedding data in a transmission medium.

Objectives: undetectability, robustness and capacity of the
hidden data.
LITERATURE SURVEY
Steganography in Spatial Domain:
Embeds the bits of secret message directly into the LSB
plane of the cover image.
Secret data can be easily stolen.

LITERATURE SURVEY
Steganography in Frequency Domain:
Hiding message in noisy regions than in the smoother
regions.
For this,Cover image is transformed into frequency domain
coefficients using DCT OR DWT.
Different sub-bands give significant information about
where vital and non-vital pixels of image resides.
More secure and tolerant to noises.


LITERATURE SURVEY
Modern Steganography

fE: steganographic function "embedding"
fE-1: steganographic function "extracting"
cover: cover data in which emb will be hidden
emb: message to be hidden
key: parameter of fE
stego: cover data with the hidden message
PROPOSED METHOD
Overview of method is briefly introduced as follows:
Skin tone detection is performed on input image using HSV
colour space.
Cover image is transformed into frequency domain using
Haar-DWT.
Payload is calculated.
Cropping the skin region of cover image is done and in that
region secret data is embeded.
Cropped region works as a key at decoding side.

SKIN COLOR TONE DETECTION
Colour image is converted into HSV colour space to yield
distinguishble regions of skin or near skin tone.
Skin pixel is determined by defining a boundary.

SKIN TONE DETECTION
Skin tone detection. (a) Original colour image (b) RGB transformation to gray
(c) probable skin regions and (d) edge of (c).
DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM
DWT is a frequency domain approach in which steganography
is implemented.
DWT applies on entire image.
DWT splits component into numerous frequency bands called
sub bands known as
LL Horizontally and vertically low pass
LH Horizontally low pass and vertically high pass
HL - Horizontally high pass and vertically low pass
HH - Horizontally and vertically high pass

DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM
Advantages of DWT over DCT
No need to divide the input coding into non-overlapping
2-D blocks, it has higher compression ratios avoiding
blocking artifacts.
Allows good localization both in time and spatial
frequency domain.
Transformation of the whole image introduces
inherent scaling
Better identification of which data is relevant to human
perception higher compression ratio

EMBEDDING PROCESS
EXTRACTION PROCESS

PERFORMANCE OF PROPOSED
METHOD
Peak Signal to Noise ratio used to be a measure of image
quality
The PSNR between two images each of size MxN in terms
of decibels (dBs) is given by:
PSNR = 20 * log10 (255 / sqrt(MSE))
MSE =
where I(x,y) is the original image, I'(x,y) is the stego image and M,N
are dimensions of image
Generally when PSNR is 40 dB or greater, then the original
and the reconstructed images are virtually indistinguishable
by human observers

DATA ACQUISITION TOOLBOX
Exploring the Toolbox:

A list of the toolbox functions is available to you by typing
help daq

Toview the code for any function by typing
type function_name

To view the help for any function by typing
daqhelp function_name
DATA ACQUISITION TOOLBOX
A = imread(filename,fmt)
B = imresize(A,[mrows ncols])
newmap = rgb2gray(map)
imwrite(A,filename,fmt)
imshow(I)
BW = edge(I,'sobel')
IM2 = imcomplement(IM)
APPLICATIONS OF STEGANOGRAPHY
Steganography is applicable to, but not limited to, the
following areas.
Confidential communication and secret data storing
Protection of data alteration
Access control system for digital content distribution
Media Database systems



CONCLUSION
Biometric steganography is presented that uses skin
region of images in DWT domain for embedding secret data.
Image cropping concept is introduced, maintains security at
respectable level since no one can extract message without
having value of cropped region.












REFERENCES
Shejul, A.A.,Kulkarni, U.L.: A DWT based Approach for
Steganography Using Biometrics in Proceedings of the
International Conference on Data Storage and Data
Engineering,June 2010.

Digital Image Processing Using MATLAB 2nd Ed.
by Gonzalez, Woods, and Eddins