07 - OWJ200103 WCDMA Power Control and Relevant Parameters

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Internal
WCDMA Power Control and
Relevant Parameters
ISSUE 1.1
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved
Page 1
Chapter 1 Power Control Overview
Chapter 2 Open Loop Power Control
Chapter 3 Closed Loop Power Control
Page 2
Uplink transmission character
Self-interference
Capacity is limited by interference level
Near-far effect
Fading
Uplink power control
Ensure uplink quality with minimum transmission power
Decrease interference to other UE, and increase capacity
Solve the near-far effect
Save UE transmission power
Purpose of uplink power control
Page 3
Downlink transmission character
Interference among different subscribers since the orthogonality is
influenced by transmission environment
Interference from other adjacent cells
Downlink capacity is limited by NodeB transmission power
Fading
Downlink power control
Ensure downlink quality with minimum transmission power
Decrease interference to other cells, and increase capacity
Save NodeB transmission power
Purpose of downlink power control
Page 4
Power control classification
Power control classification
Open loop power control
Uplink open loop power control
Downlink open loop power control
Closed loop power control
Uplink inner loop power control
Downlink inner loop power control
Uplink outer loop power control
Downlink outer loop power control
Page 5
Power control methods adopted for various physical channels
Power control methods adopted for various physical channels
" can be applied, X" not applied
Page 6
Common Physical channels power parameters
MAXTXPOWER
Value Range: 0 to 500
Physical Value Range: 0dBm to 50 dBm, step 0.1dB
The default setting is 430, namely 43dBm
Content: The sum of the maximum transmit power of all the downlink channels in a cell
Set this parameter through ADD CELLSETUP, query it through LST CELL and modify it
through MOD CELL
PCPICHPOWER
Value Range: -100 to 500
Physical Value Range: -10dBm to 50 dBm, step 0.1dB
The default setting is 330, namely 33dBm
Set this parameter through ADD PCPICH, query it through LST PCPICH and modify it
through MOD CELL
Page 7
Common Physical channels power parameters
PSCHPOWER or SSCHPOWER
Value Range-350 to 150
Physical Value Range-35 to 15 dB, step 0.1dB
The default value is -50, namely -5dB
For PschPower, set it through ADD PSCH, and query it through LST PSCH; for
SschPower, set it through ADD SSCH, and query it through LST SSCH. After the cell is
set up, they can both be modified through MOD CELL
BCHPOWER
The default value is -20, namely -2dB
Set this parameter through ADD BCH, query it through LST BCH, and modify it through
MOD CELL
Page 8
Common Physical Channels power parameters
PCHPOWER
The default value of this parameter is -20, namely -2dB
Set this parameter through ADD PCH, query it through LST PCH, and modify it through
MOD SCCPCH

MAXFACHPOWER
Value range : -350 to 150
The default value of this parameter is 10, namely 1dB
Set this parameter through ADD FACH, query it through LST FACH, and modify it through
MOD SCCPCH
Page 9
Common Physical Channels power parameters
AICHPOWEROFFSET
Value Range -22 to 5dB
Physical Value Range -22 to 5 dB
Set this parameter through ADD CHPWROFFSET, query it through LST CHPWROFFSET,
and modify it through MOD AICHPWROFFSET

PICHPOWEROFFSET
Value Range-10 to 5 dB
Physical Value Range-10 to 5 dB , step 1dB
Set this parameter through ADD CHPWROFFSET, query it through LST CHPWROFFSET,
and modify it through MOD PICHPWROFFSET
Page 10
Page 11
Chapter 2 Open loop Power Control
2.1 Open loop power control overview
2.2 PRACH open loop power control
2.3 Dedicated channel open loop power control
Page 12
Open loop Power Control Overview
Purpose
UE estimates the power loss of signals on the propagation path by measuring the
downlink channel signals, then calculates the initial transmission power of the uplink
channel
Principle
Path loss of the uplink channel is related to path loss of the downlink channel
Disadvantage
This power control method is rather rough
Application scenarios
Open loop power control is applied only at the beginning of connection setup,
generally in setting the initial power value
Page 13
Chapter 2 Open Power Control
Page 14
Open Loop Power control of PRACH
1. CCCH : RRC Connection Request

open loop power
control of PRACH

5. Downlink Synchronization

UE
Node B
Serving RNS

Serving
RNC

DCH - FP

Allocate RNTI
Select L1 and L2
parameters

RRC RRC

NBAP NBAP

3. Radio Link Setup Response

NBAP NBAP

2. Radio Link Setup Request

RRC RRC

7. CCCH : RRC Connection Set up

Start RX
description

Start TX
description

4. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Setup

RRC
RRC

9. DCCH : RRC Connection Setup Complete

6. Uplink Synchronization

NBAP

NBAP

8. Radio Link Restore Indication
DCH - FP
DCH - FP
DCH - FP
Page 15
Open Loop Power Control of PRACH
AICH access
slots RX at UE
PRACH access
slots TX at UE
One access slot
t
p-a
t
p-m
t
p-p
Pre-
amble
Pre-
amble
Message part
Acq.
Ind.
Page 16
The interval between two preambles should be longer than the minimum value, tp-p > tp-p,min
Parameters are defined as following
AICH_Transmission_Timing =0
tp-p,min = 15360 chips (3 access slots)
tp-a = 7680 chips
tp-m = 15360 chips (3 access slots)
AICH_Transmission_Timing =1
tp-p,min = 20480 chips (4 access slots)
tp-a = 12800 chips
tp-m = 20480 chips (4 access slots)
AICHTXTIMING
Value range0,1
The default value of this parameter is 1
Set this parameter through ADD AICH, query it through LST AICH, and modify it needs
de-activated the cell through DEA CELL . After the old configuration of AICH is deleted
through RMV AICH , a new AICH can be established through ADD AICH
Page 17
The initial value of PRACH power is set through open loop power control
Power Ramp Step
P
p- m
10ms/20ms
Preamble_Initial_power
Preamble_Initial_Power =Primary CPICH DL TX power - CPICH_RSCP +UL
interference +Constant Value
Page 18
CONSTANTVALUE
Value range : -35 to -10dB
Physical Value Range-35 to -10 dB
The default value of this parameter is -20dB
Set this parameter through ADD PRACHBASIC, query it through LST PRACH, and modify
it through MOD PRACHUUPARAS

POWERRAMPSTEP
Value range : 1 to 8dB
Physical Value Range1 to 8 dB
The default value of this parameter is 2dB
Set this parameter through ADD PRACHBASIC, query it through LST PRACH, and modify
it through MOD PRACHUUPARAS
Page 19
POWEROFFSETPPM
Value range : -5 to 10dB
The power offset between the last access preamble and the message control part. The
power of the message control part can be obtained by adding the offset to the access
preamble power. The default value of this parameter is -2dB for service transmission
Set this parameter through ADD PRACHTFC, query it through LST PRACH, and modify it
de-activated the cell through DEA CELL . After the old configuration of PRACH is deleted
through RMV PRACHTFC , a new parameters can be established through ADD PRACHTFC

PREAMBLERETRANSMAX
Value range : 1 to 64
The default value of this parameter is 20
Set this parameter through ADD PRACHBASIC, query it through LST PRACH, and modify it
through MOD PRACHUUPARAS
Page 20
Chapter 2 Open loop Power Control
Page 21
Open Loop Power Control of DL DPDCH

open loop power
control of DPDCH


UE
Node B
Serving RNS

Serving
RNC

DCH - FP

Allocate RNTI
Select L1 and L2
parameters

RRC RRC

NBAP NBAP


NBAP NBAP


RRC RRC


Start RX
description

Start TX
description


RRC
RRC



NBAP

NBAP

DCH - FP
DCH - FP
DCH - FP
Page 22
The DL DPDCH open loop power control can be calculated by the
following formula:

Parameters explanation
(Eb/N0)dl is the Eb/N0 target to ensure the service quality, RNC
searches for the (Eb/N0)dl target dynamically using a set of pre-
defined values corresponding to specific cell environment type
coding type, rate ,BLER target
(Ec/Io)cpich is measured by UE, then it is sent to UTRAN by RACH
R is the requested data bit rate by the user
W is the chip rate
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
CPICH
CPICH
DL Initial
N Ec
P
N Eb
W
R
P
) 0 / (
) 0 / (
Page 23
TFCIPO
Physical value range: 0~6 dB; step: 0.25
Content: The offset of TFCI bit transmit power from data bit transmit power in each time slot
of radio frames on DL DPCH
The default value of this parameter is 0 ,namely 0dB
Set this parameter through SET FRC, query it through LST FRC, and modify it through SET
FRC
TPCPO
Content: The offset of TPC bit transmit power from data bit transmit power in each time slot
of radio frames on DL DPCH
Set this parameter through SET FRC, query it through LST FRC, and modify it through SET
FRC
Page 24
PILOTPO
The offset of pilot bit transmit power from data bit transmit power in each time slot of radio
frames on DL DPCH
Set this parameter through SET FRC, query it through LST FRC, and modify it through
SET FRC

Page 25
Open Loop Power Control of UL DPCCH

open loop power
control of DPCCH


UE
Node B
Serving RNS

Serving
RNC

DCH - FP
Allocate RNTI
Select L1 and L2
parameters

RRC RRC

NBAP NBAP


NBAP NBAP


RRC RRC


Start RX
description

Start TX
description


RRC
RRC



NBAP

NBAP

DCH - FP
DCH - FP
DCH - FP
Page 26
The UL DPCCH open loop power control can be calculated by the
following formula
pcpich
RSCP offset power DPCCH power initial DPCCH = _ _ _ _
tValue s DefaultCon erference ul DLTXpower offset power DPCCH
pcpich
tan int _ _ + + =
Parameters explanation
RSCPpcpich is the received signal code power , the received power on one code
measured on the PCPICH . It is a measurement performed by the UE
DPCCH-power-offset is provided by RNC to the UE via RRC signaling
Page 27
DEFAULTCONSTANTVALUE
Value range : -35 to -10 , unit :dB
The default value of this parameter is -27 dB
SET FRC

Page 28
Page 29
3.1 Closed loop power control overview
3.2 Uplink inner loop power control
3.3 Downlink inner loop power control
3.4 Outer loop power control
Page 30
Closed Loop Power Control Overview
The characteristics of open loop power control
The results from open loop power control are not accurate enough
open loop power control can only decide the initial power
The advantages of closed loop power control
Guarantee the QoS
Decrease the interference
Increase the system capacity
Inner loop
Outer loop
BLER
mea
>BLER
tar
SIR
tar

BLER
mea
<BLER
tar
SIR
tar

Until
BLER
mea
=BLER
tar
SIRtar
SIR
mea
>SIR
tar
TPC=0

SIR
mea
<SIR
tar
TPC=1

Until
SIR
mea
=SIR
tar
TPC
TPC=0 Power
TPC=1 Power
BLER
tar
Ensure the
QoS with
minimum
power

Page 31
Chapter 3 Closed loop Power Control
Page 32
Uplink Inner Loop Power Control
NodeB compares the measured SIR to the target SIR
NodeB
UE
Transmit TPC
Inner-loop
set SIRtar
1500Hz
Each UE has
its own loop
TPC Decision
(01)
TPC_CMD
-1, 0, 1
Adjust DPCCH Tx
DPCCH=tpcTPC_cmd
PCA1
PCA2
Adjust DPDCH Tx
(c,d)
Compare SIRmeas with SIRtar
SIRmea>SIRtarTPC=0
SIRmea<SIRtar TPC=1
Page 33
UE gets one TPC in each time slot
If TPC=0, TPC_cmd= -1
If TPC=1, TPC_cmd= 1
This control is done in each time slot
Power control frequency is 1500HZ
0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0

TPC_CMD
TPC
-1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1
Uplink Inner Loop PCA1 without soft handover
Page 34
0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0

RLS1-TPC (W
1
)

RLS2-TPC (W
2
)
1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

TPC_CMD
0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
-1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1
Each time slot, combine TPC from
different RLSthen get W
i
CELL1 CELL2
CELL4 CELL3
RL11 RL12
RLS1
RLS2 RLS3
RLS3-TPC (W
3
)
Get TPC_cmd based on
TPC_cmd = (W1, W2, WN)
Uplink Inner Loop PCA1 with soft handover
Page 35
TS0 TS1 TS2 TS3 TS4 TS5 TS6 TS7 TS8 TS9 TS10 TS11 TS12 TS13 TS14
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1
10ms/frame
Group 2 Group 1 Group 3

0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
TPC
TPC_CMD
Transmission power will be controlled in each 5 time slots
The frequency is 300HZ

Uplink Inner Loop PCA2 without soft handover
Page 36
Combine TPC from same
RLS in each time slot

Calculate TPC_cmd

TPC_CMD=1

TPC_CMD is set to -1 if any of TPC_temp1 to TPC_tempN
are equal to -1

Otherwise TPC_CMD=0
Calculate TPC_tempi for each RLS
If 5 TPC are all 1, TPC_temp
i
=1
If 5 TPC are all 0, TPC_temp
i
=-1
Otherwise, TPC_tempi =0
5 . 0 _
1
1
>
=
N
i
i
temp TPC
N
CELL1 CELL2
CELL4 CELL3
RL11 RL12
RLS1
RLS2 RLS3
Page 37
RLS1
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
RLS2
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
RLS3
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1

10ms/frame
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3
RLS1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0
RLS2
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0
RLS3
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 1

TPC
TPC_temp
i
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0

TPC_CMD

Power is controlled in each 5 time slots
The power control frequency is 300HZ
Page 38
Uplink Inner Loop Power Control
PWRCTRLALG
Value range : ALGORITHM1, ALGORITHM2
The default value of this parameter is ALGORITHM1
SET FRC

ULTPCSTEPSIZE
Value range :1dB2dB
SET FRC
Page 39
Page 40
Downlink Closed Loop Power Control
NodeB
Set SIRtar
Transmit TPC in each TS
Measure SIR and compare
it with SIRtar
Adjust Tx power
with 0.5, 1, 1.5 or
2dB
1500Hz
L3
Page 41
When UE is not in soft handover
The TPC which is generated by UE is transmitted in TPC domain of UL
channel
When UE is in soft handover, two power control modes can be used,
which is decided by DPC_mode:
DPC_MODE0UE will transmit TPC in every slot
DPC_MODE1UE will transmit the same TPC in every three time slots
When the downlink channel is in out of synchronization, UE will
transmit TPC 1 because UE can not measure the downlink SIR
Page 42
DPCMODE
Value range: SINGLE_TPC(DPC_MODE=0),
TPC_TRIPLET_IN_SOFT(DPC_MODE=1), TPC_AUTO_ADJUST
Content: SIGNLE_TPC, a fast power control mode, indicates that a unique TPC
command is sent in each time slot on DPCCH. TPC_TRIPLET_IN_SOFT, a slow power
control mode, indicates that the same TPC command is sent in three time slots, it is
applicable to soft handover and it can decrease the power deviation.
TPC_AUTO_ADJUST, an automatically adjusted mode, indicates that the value of
DPC_MODE can be modified by sending the message "ACTIVE SET UPDATE" to UE
The default value of this parameter is SINGLE_TPC
SET FRC
FDDTPCDLSTEPSIZE
Value range: STEPSIZE_0.5DB, STEPSIZE_1DB, STEPSIZE_1.5DB, STEPSIZE_2DB
Physical value range: 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 dB
The default value of this parameter is STEPSIZE_1DB, namely 1dB
SET FRC
Page 43
The transmission power can not higher than Maximum_DL_Power, and
not less than Minimum_DL_Power neither
Downlink power adjustment:
P(k) = P(k 1) +P
TPC
(k) +P
bal
(k)
Where
P(k-1) is power of previous
P
TPC
(k) is the adjustment
P
bal
(k) is correction value
Page 44
RLMAXDLPWR
The maximum downlink transmit power of radio link. This parameter should fulfill the
coverage requirement of the network planning, and the value is relative to [PCPICH
transmit power]
Set this parameter through ADD CELLRLPWR , query it through LST CELLRLPWR, and
modify it through MOD CELLRLPWR
RLMINDLPWR
Set this parameter through ADD CELLRLPWR , query it through LST CELLRLPWR, and
modify it through MOD CELLRLPWR

Page 45
Referential configurations of typical services:

Page 46
P
TPC
(k)
Without Limited Power Raise Used

Where
P
TPC
(k) is the adjustment value
TPC
est
(k) is uplink TPC value
TPC is downlink power adjustment step(0.5, 1, 1.5 or 2dB)
=
= +
=
0 ) ( TPC if
1 ) ( TPC if
) ( P
est TPC
est TPC
TPC
k
k
k
Page 47
Where
P
TPC
(k)
With Limited Power Raise Used

P
TPC
(k) is the adjustment value
TPC
est
(k) is uplink TPC value
TPC is downlink power adjustment step(0.5, 1, 1.5 or 2dB)
Power_Raise_Limit: the limited value for Power ramping in a timer
DL_power_averaging_window_sizetimer for power ramping ,unit :time slot

=
> A + A =
< A + A =
A
A +
=
0 ) ( TPC if
e_Limit Power_Rais ) ( and 1 ) ( TPC if
e_Limit Power_Rais ) ( and 1 ) ( TPC if
0 ) (
est
est
est
k
k k
k k
k P
TPC sum
TPC sum
TPC
TPC
TPC
+ =
= A
1
1 _ _ _ _
) ( ) (
k
Size Window Averaging Power DL k i
TPC sum
i P k
Page 48
INNER_LOOP_DL_LMTED_PWR_INC_SWITCH
Value range1 (ON) , 0 (OFF)
The default value of this parameter is 0 ,namely OFF
Set this parameter through SET CORRMALGOSWITCH, query it through LST
CORRMALGOSWITCH, and modify it through SET CORRMALGOSWITCH

POWERRAISELIMIT
Value range: 0 to 10 dB
CommentThe increase of DL transmit power within DlPowerAverageWindowSize
cannot exceed this parameter value
Set this parameter through ADD CELLSETUP, query it through LST CELL, and and modify
it through MOD CELLSETUP
Page 49
DLPOWERAVERAGEWINDOWSIZE
Value range: 1 to 60 time slots
Content: UTRAN calculates the increase of DL transmit power within the period defined via
this parameter to determine whether the increase exceeds PowerRaiseLimit. If so, UTRAN
will not increase the power even when it receives the command to raise the power
The default value of this parameter is 20 time slots
Set this parameter through ADD CELLSETUP, query it through LST CELL ,and modify it
through MOD CELLSETUP

Page 50
Page 51
Downlink Power Balance
Downlink power balance process
SRNC can monitor every single
NodeBs transmission. If SRNC found
the power offset in soft handover is
excessive, it will initiate the DPB
process
The initiation and stop of DPB
The power offset of two RLs is greater
than the DPB initial threshold, the
DPB process is initiated
The power offset of two RLs is less
than the DPB stop threshold, the DPB
process is stopped
NodeB
NodeB
Initiate the
DPB process
DPB process
Page 52
Downlink Power Balance
DPBSTARTTHD
Value range: 0 to 255
Physical value range: 0~127.5dB ; step: 0.5
Set this parameter through SET DPB, query it through LST DPB and modify it through SET
DPB

DPBSTOPTHD
Value range: 0~255
Physical value range: 0~127.5dB ; step: 0.5
Set this parameter through SET DPB, query it through LST DPB and modify it through SET
DPB
Page 53
Page 54
Outer Loop Power Control
The character of outer loop power control
The QoS which UTRAN provides to CN is BLER, not SIR
The relationship between inner loop power control and outer loop
power control
SIRtar should be satisfied with the requirement of decoding
correctly. But different multi-path radio environments request
different SIR
Therefore, the outer loop power control can adjust the SIR to get a
stable BLER in the changeable radio environment
Page 55
BLER--SIR
B
L
E
R

SIR
BLER
Page 56
Uplink Outer Loop Power Control
NodeB UE
Transmit TPC
Measure and compare SIR
Inner-loop
Set SIRtar
Out loop
RNC
Measure received data and
compare BLER in the TrCH
Set BLERtar
10-100Hz
Page 57
NodeB
set SIRtar
Transmit TPC
Measure and compare SIR
Measure and compare BLER
Outer
loop
Inner loop
L1
L3
10-100Hz
1500Hz
Downlink Outer Loop Power Control
Page 58
|
|
.
|
\
|
= A
et BLERt
et BLERt BLERmeas
tep SIRAdjustS oefficient SIRAdjustc SIRtar
arg
arg
* *
Where
SirAdjustStep: Outer loop power control adjustment step
SirAdjustFactor: Coefficient for outer loop power control
BLER
est
: Estimated BLER
BLER
tar
: Target BLER
Page 59
OPLC_SWITCH
Value range: 0 , 1
Physical value range: 0 (OFF) , 1 (ON)
The default value of this parameter is 1, namely ON
Comments: When it is checked, RNC updates the uplink SIR TARGET of RLs on the
NodeB side by Iub DCH FP signals
Set this parameter through SET CORRMALGOSWITCH, query it through LST
CORRMALGOSWITCH, and modify it through SET CORRMALGOSWITCH
SIRADJUSTFACTOR
Physical value range: 0.1 to 1 , step: 0.1
The default value of this parameter is 10, namely 1
Set this parameter through SET OPLC / ADD CELLOLPC, query it through LST OPLC,
and modify it through SET OPLC / MOD CELLOLPC

Page 60
SIRADJUSTSTEP
Physical value range: 0 to 10 , step: 0.001dB
Set this parameter through ADD TYPSRBOLPC / ADD TYPRABOLPC, query it through LST
TYPSRB / LST TYPRAB ,and modify it through MOD TYPSRBOLPC / MOD TYPRABOLPC
BLERQUALITY
Value range: -63 to 0
Physical value range: 510^(-7) to 1
Used the following formula get the parameter integer value : 10log (BLER)=the value in
table
Set this parameter through ADD TYPSRBOLPC / ADD TYPRABOLPC, query it through LST
TYPSRB / LST TYPRAB, and modify it through MOD TYPSRBOLPC / MOD TYPRABOLPC
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