Comparison Of

1G,2G,3G,4G
Networks

Contents
First generation networks (1G)
Second generation networks (2G)
2.5G
Third generation networks (3G)
Fourth generation networks (4G)
References
First Generation Networks (1G)
First Constructed in late 1970s.
Analog Networks were used only for voice
communication and uses FDMA
Poor Hand Off, Dropped Connections, Low Capacity
and No security.
AMPS, Paktel
Second Generation Networks
(2G)
2G networks introduced Digital capabilities to
wireless in early 1990s uses TDMA and CDMA
High voice quality & basic data services like
voice mail. Limited browsing.
Circuit Switched Technology
Increased Capacity.
Strong security



Second Generation Networks
(2G)
Four major 2G systems are currently in use.
DAMPS (Digital AMPS now known as TDMA)
CDMA (IS 95) introduced by Qualcomm in 1995
Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)
Most popular of the 2G networks.
Personal Digital Cellular (PDC) , largely used in Japan.
Second Generation Networks
(2G)
GSM
Frequencies 900, 1800, 1900 MHz,
Data Rate is 9.6 Kbps.
WAP Browsing,
Text Messaging,

Interim standard -95
CDMA (IS-95)

Frequencies are 800 & 1900 MHz.
Data Rate 14.4 Kbps.
FDMA

TDMA
CDMA
Second & A Half Generation
Networks (2.5 G).
De-merits of 2G:
Inefficient & Expensive provide very limited
data rates due to circuit switched technology.
Higher Capacity, Higher Data Transfer Rates
& Global Roaming are the driving forces for
behind next generation(2.5 & 3G).

Migration From
Circuit Switching
in to Packet
Switching.
10 times
greater data
rate than 2G
Networks.
Only Software
Up-gradation
Required
form 2G to
2.5 G.
Second & A Half Generation
Networks (2.5 G).
Second & A Half Generation
Networks (2.5 G).
Two leading 2.5 G Network Protocols

GPRS : Frequencies Range 900,1800 & 1900 MHz.
Theoretical Data Rate 115 to 144 Kbps
But realistic data transfer data rate 56 Kbps.
CDMA 2000 1x : Data Through put 144 Kbps.
Frequencies 800 , 1900 MHz.







Third Generation Networks
(3 G).
History :-
The Vision to develop a single global standard for
high speed & voice quality voice services.
The Goal is a single standard , true global roaming
for all users worldwide.
3GPP ( Third Generation Partnerships Project).
This is doing behind the development of 3G
standards

Third Generation Networks
(3 G).
ITU approved an industry standard for 3G
wireless systems known as
IMT-2000(International Mobile
Telecommunication-2000).
3G
1- WCDMA
(UMTS) mostly
deployed in Europe.
2- CDMA2000 1x
EV
3-EDGE (Enhanced
Data Rates for
Global Evolution)
3G networks
Third Generation Networks
(3 G). IMT-2000
Two main enhancement characterize 3G Networks.
1- Higher Data Rates:-
a) High Mobility : 144 Kbps for outdoor rural users who
traveling at speed greater than 120 Km/Hr.
b) Full Mobility : 384 Kbps for uses traveling less than
120 Km /Hr in urban areas.
c) Limited Mobility: 2 Mbps for users who are moving at
less than 10 Km per hour
Third Generation Networks
(3 G). IMT-2000
2- Enhanced Quality Of Service:-
QoS is supported from end to end in 3G systems.
This allows users to establish agreements with
network operators for certain network
properties i.e. data transfer and network latency.
Third Generation Networks
(3 G).
3G Networks are IP based .
3G Devices
1. Support for multimedia content such as video
streaming.
2. Large, highresolution screens
3. PDAs.
4. Integrated voice & data as in high-end smart
phones

Streaming
Video
applications.
Download
audio such
as MP3s.
Voice over
IP.
Multimedia
Messaging
Services.
Applications

Evolution to 3G

TDMA
GSM
CDMA
CDMA2000 1X
GPRS
CDMA 2000 1XEV
WCDMA
EDGE
3G
2.5 G
2 G
9.6 kbps,
1990s
30-144 kbps,
2001-02
384 kbps.
2002
2 Mbps
2003-04
4
th
Generation Networks
(4 G).
4G is the short term for
fourth-generation wireless.It is
expected that end-to-end IP
and high-quality streaming
video will be among 4G's
distinguishing features.
A 4G system will be able to
provide a comprehensive IP
solution where voice , data and
streamed multimedia can be
given to the users on
Anytime Anywhere basis and
higher data rates than the
previous generations.
It will be a fully IP based
integrated system capable of
providing between 100 Mbps
to 1 Gbps in both indoor and
outdoor with premium quality
and high security.

MAGIC

Mobile multimedia
Anytime Anywhere
Global mobility support
Integrated wireless and
Customized personalized
services.
APPLICATIONS


The applications of 4G are called KILLER
APPLICATIONs as it is going to bring to
revolution in the internet world.
-- High Speed Data Rate due to which a movie can
be downloaded in 2 to 3 minutes.
-- More Security
-- Video Conferencing
-- Higher Bandwidth
-- Global Roaming
FUTURE OF 4G:5G (completed
WWWW:
World Wide Wireless Web):

The idea of WWWW, World Wide Wireless Web, is
started from 4G technologies. The following
evolution will based on 4G and completed its idea to
form a REAL wireless world. Thus, 5G should make an
important difference and add more services and
benefit to the world over 4G; 5G should be a more
intelligent technology that interconnects the entire
world without limits
3G Vs 4G

The following table shows comparisons between some key parameters
of 3G Vs possible 4G systems.

3G 4G

Frequency Band 1.8 - 2.5 GHz 2 8 GHz
Bandwidth 5-20 MHz 5-20 MHz
Data rate Up to 2Mbps ( 384 kbps WAN) Up to 20 Mbps
or more.
Access Wideband CDMA Multi-carrier- CDMA
Switching Circuit/Packet Packet
Mobile top speeds 200 kmph 200 kmph

References

Part of the slides are adapted from the slides of
Posco Tso, Harish Vishwanath, Erran Li and
Justino Lorenco, Saro Velrajan and TCL India
http://webpages.uncc.edu/~zli19/4g.htm

THANK YOU
BY
A.RAJESH
2
nd
ECE-B
2201411205