Wednesday,

August 20,
2014
10:45 AM
What are Surds ?
Multiplication of Surds
Types of Surds
Like Surds & Unlike Surds
Addition of Surds
Subtraction of Surds
Applications
Contents
What are Surds ?
A surd is an irrational number. An irrational number cannot be written as
a simple fraction .And It is a non-recurring decimal and Surds are in
simplest form and surds should have a rational number as its Radicand




And a Surd cannot be evaluated without approximation.
Example: 2 (square root of 2) can't be
simplified further so it is a surd
Is Surd? Why/Why not.
No, because is not a rational number
2
Rational number
Radicand
Identify the following whether they surds or not
2 4
25
81 32
Yes Yes No No No
4 and 81 and 25 are not surds because they can be simplified
further
i.e. 4=2, 81=9, 25=5
What are Surds ?
Types of Surds
Surds
Pure Surds
Mixed Surds
A surd which has unity 1 as
its rational factor, the other
factor being irrational is
called a pure surd. For
example, 10, 7 are pure
surds.
A surd which has a rational
factor other than unity, the
other factor being
irrational, is called a mixed
surd. For example, 23 ,
53 are mixed surds.
Types of Surds
1 10
Rational factor
5 10
Rational factor
Wednesday, August 20,
2014
Identify the following whether they are Pure and mixed
Surds
4 3
Mixed Surd
3
Pure Surd
5 6
Mixed Surd
Like surds are Surds with same
Radicand and Same order
But It may Have different
rational factor

Examples for Like surds are






Unlike surds are Surds with
Different Radicand or Different
order or both


Examples for Like surds are





Like Surds Unlike Surds
7 5
2
4 5
2

Are Like Surds
7 5
4
4 5
3

Are Unlike Surds
Like and unlike surds
7 5
2

Order
Radicand
Wednesday, August 20,
2014
We can Add or Subtract if the given two term are
Like Terms
E.g.
7 7
2 7
3 7 +7 7
=(3+7) 7
=10 7
E.g.2.
E.g.
7 5 4 5
= (7-4) 5
= 3 5
Addition and Subtraction of Surds
Addition and Subtraction of Surds
4 3
2
+ 2 3
2
67 3
21
+ 43 3
21

= 67 3
21
+ 43 3
21

= (67+43) 3
21

=(110) 3
21

=110 3
21

=4 3
2
+ 2 3
2

=(4+2) 3
2

=(6) 3
2

=6 3
2

Simplify the following
We can multiply two unlike terms following general form of
multiplying surds
a b ab
E.g.1
Or
ab a b
5 3 15
9 4 36 E.g.2
7 3
= 21
E.g.3
Multiplication Surds
Simplify the Following
8 4
32
32
2
32
2

32
a a a ( )
a b ab
(
)
Multiplication Surds
20
Simplify the following
4 5
ab a b
Using Law
4 5
2 5
Mixed Surd
Multiplication Surds
18 2
Simplify
9 2 2
9 2 2
3 2 2
2 2
Multiplication Surds
Wednesday, August 20,
2014
Thank you
End of session