BIOGRAPHY AND ACCOMPLISHMENT

The president of the first Philippine republic

(1899). He started as a member of the Magdalo Chapter
of the Katipunan in Cavite, then was elected president of
the revolutionary government at the Tejeros Convention
on March 22,1897, and, later, Biak-na-Bato Republic. He
proclaimed Philippine independence at Kawit on June 12,
1898. His capture indicated the end of large-scale armed
resistance to American rule.
Emilio Aguinaldo (1869 - 1964)

The first Filipino president of the
Commonwealth of the Philippines under
American rule. He was president of the
Philippines from 1935 to 1944. For advocating
Filipino-language amendments to the 1935
Constitution, he is known as the "Father of the
National Language."

Manuel L. Quezon (1878-1944)

President of the Second Republic from 1943 to 1945. He
had been secretary of the interior (1923), senator (1925 - 1931),
delegate to the Constitutional Convention (1934), and chief
justice during the commonwealth. When World War II broke
out, he was instructed by Quezon to stay in Manila and deal
with the Japanese to moderate the blow of enemy occupation.
As president, he defended Filipino interests and resisted
Japanese efforts to draft Filipinos into the Japanese military
service. Upon return of the American forces, Laurel was
imprisoned in Japan when Douglas Macarthur occupied that
country He was returned to the Philippines to face charges of
treason, but these were dropped when President Roxas issued
an amnesty proclamation. In the Third Republic, he was elected
senator and negotiated the Laurel-Langley Agreement.
Jose P. Laurel (1891 - 1939)


The first Filipino national leader under the
American regime as speaker of the Philippine
assembly and the second president of the
Philippines (1944-1946).
Sergio Osmea, Sr. (1878 - 1961)

The last president of the Philippine
Commonwealth and the first president of
the republic (1946 - 1948).
Manuel Roxas (1892 - 1948)



President of the Philippines from 1948 to 1953. As
vice president during Manuel Roxass term, he was also
secretary of foreign affairs. He became president when
Roxas died in 1948. He was elected president in his own
right in 1949.

Elpidio Quirino (18901956)


President of the Philippines from 1953 to 1957. He had been
President Quirinos secretary of defense who was instrumental is
suppressing the HUK rebellion. As president, he persuaded Congress
to pass the Agricultural Tenancy Act (1954). It was during his term
that the Retail Trade Nationalization Act was passed. He secured
revisions in the Bell Trade Act and was the first president to revise the
US Military Bases agreement to bring it more in line with Philippine
interests.

Ramon Magsaysay (1907 - 1957)


President of the Philippines from 1957 to 1961.
Remembered for his Filipino First Policy. He was among
the founders of the Association for Southeast Asia (1963),
the precursor of the Association for Southeast Asian
Nations (ASEAN).
Carlos P. Garcia (1896 - 1971)


President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986.
Declared martial law on September 21, 1972. After the
People Power revolution in February 1986, he was ousted
from power and lived in exile in Honolulu, Hawaii.

Ferdinand Marcos (1917 - 1989)

President of the Philippines from 1986 to 1992.
With Salvador Laurel as running mate, she led the
opposition that overthrew the authoritarian government
of Marcos, who went into exile after the successful
Peoples Power revolution of 1986. She first established a
revolutionary government under the Freedom
Constitution, later replaced by the Constitution of 1987,
which served as the basis for reestablishing democracy

Corazon Cojuangco Aquino (1933 - )


President of the Philippines from 1992 to 1997. As
head of the Constabulary under President Marcos, he was
instrumental in helping to design and implement martial
law. Together with General Ponce Enrile and the RAM, he
defected from the government in 1986 and joined the
Peoples Power revolution that ousted Marcos from
power. His presidency is remembered for better
integrating the national economy in the global scheme.

Fidel V. Ramos (1928 - )


President of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001.
During his term in office, he was arrested and stood trial
at a congressional impeachment hearing on charges of
accepting bribes and corruption. While this trial was
aborted when the senators voted 11 to 10 not to open
incriminating evidence against him, he was ousted from
power anyway as a peaceful Peoples Power II revolution
arose and called for his resignation

Joseph Estrada (1937 - )



The president of the Philippines from (2001-2004)
to (2004-2010) She served as vice president under
President Estrada and became president when he was
forced to step down for malfeasance, through the
Peoples Power II revolution. PGMA has confronted some
of the same obstacles as did her father, President
Diosdado Macapagal, when he tried to clean up
corruption in government. Her government continues
enjoy political legitimacy in the face of opposition.

Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (1947 - )

Benegno Noynoy Aquino III