Introduction

What is Android?
History
Open Handset Alliance
Android Features
Versions
What is kernel in Android
Android Architecture
Current Distribution
Future of Android
Open, free software platform for mobile devices with a complete software stack
Operating system
Middleware
Key mobile applications
What is Android?
Made available as open source via the Apache v2 license
Industry can add proprietary functionality to their products without giving
anything back to the platform
Companies can remove functionality if they choose
Based on Linux operating system
History

August 2005
Google acquired Android Inc.
5 Nov 2007
Open HandSet Alliance formed-
12 Nov 2007
OHA released a preview of there first product ANDROID



Open Handset Allaince
Group of more that 30 technology and mobile companies developing Android

Open Handset Alliance

Goal
Making the vision a reality
Innovating in the open
Building a better phone for consumers
Members of the Alliance
Mobile Operators
Semiconductor Companies
Handset Manufacturers
Open Handset Alliance
Software Companies
Commercialization
Companies

Software Features Supported
Integrated browser based on the open source WebKit engine
SQLite for relational data storage
Media support for common audio, video, and still image formats(MPEG4, H.264,
MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, GIF)
Dalvik Virtual Machine optimized for mobile devices
Android Features
Hardware Features Supported
Cellular networking : GSM, EDGE, 3G (hardware dependent)
LAN : Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi (hardware dependent)
Graphics Hardware Acceleration
Camera, GPS and Compass(hardwaredependent)
Touch screen and accelerometer for motion sensing
Android Features
Versions
Android 1.0
Features
-The first Android device which runs on Android 1.0 is HTC
Dream (G1).
-Multitasking, instant messaging, GPS, Wi-Fi and
bluetooth.
-Camera Support .
-Notification alert in thestatusbar.
Updates
Android 1.1
-show/hide dial pad.
- Ability to save attachments in
messages.
Versions
Android 1.5 (Cupcake)
Features
support for soft (onscreen)
keyboards
video recording
-Advanced photo gallery
- Universal search box
Android 1.6 (Donut)
Features
- a number of minor changes
-high and lowdensity displays
-Voice Search
-Direct upload to YouTube and Picasa
-Battery usage indicator
- Stereo Bluetooth
Versions
Android 2.0 (Eclair)
Features
multitouch
- Multiple accounts for email and contact
synchronization
-Improved Google Maps 3.1.2
HTML5, and more
Updates
Android 2.1.1(Eclair Maintenance Release
1)
live wallpapers
more HTML5 support
other minor improvements
Versions

Android
2.1.2
(Eclair
Maintenance Release 2)
- minor improvement
- Home screen enhancements
-live wallpapers and widgets
Android 2.1.3 (Eclair Maintenance
Release 3)
-This update consisted of two security patches
Versions
Android 2.3 (Gingerbread)
Features
- Native support for more sensors
- New keyboard for faster text input
- One-touch word selection and copy/paste
- Improved power management
- New Download Manager, Internet Calling
Updates
Android 2.3.3
- Included several improvements
Android 2.3.4
- Support for voice/video chat using Google Talk
Android 2.3.5
- Camera software enhancements
- Improved battery efficiency
Android 2.3.6
- Fixed a voice search bug
Android 2.3.7
- Introduced Google Wallet support.
Versions
Android 3.0 (Honeycomb)
Features
-Bluetooth tethering
-Specifically optimized for tablets and devices with
larger screen sizes..
-Refined multitasking, rich notifications, home
screen customization, widgets, Redesigned keyboard
Updates
Android 3.1
- Connectivity for USB accessories
- Expanded Recent Apps list
- High-performance Wi-Fi lock,
Android 3.2
- Improved hardware support
- Increased ability of apps to access files on the
SD card
- Compatibility display mode for apps
Android 3.2.1
- Stability and Wi-Fi improvements
- Improved Adobe Flash support
Android 3.2.2
- Included bug fixes and minor improvements
Versions
Android 4.0 (Ice-cream sandwich)
Features
-Increase in speed and performance
-New gallery layout
-Face Unlock : New feature that allows users to
unlock handsets using facial identification software
-Pinch-to-zoom functionality
Updates
Android 4.0.2
- Fixed minor bugs on the Verizon Galaxy Nexus
Android 4.0.3
- Bug fixes and optimizations
- Bluetooth functionality
Versions
Android 4.1 (Jelly Bean)
- A smarter keyboard
- Android Beam
- Widgets work like magic.
- Fast & smooth
- Calendar is more buttery
- Offline voice typing

AND MANY MORE


A kernel is something which acts as a communication link between the devices
software and hardware.
Android devices uses a Linux based kernel
It is the kernel which controls the passage of instructions between software and
hardware.
Kernel provides support at areas like process management, memory management and
file management.
Linux Kernel 2.6
Abstraction layer between the hardware and software stack
Why Linux?
Proven driver model and has existing drivers
Has memory management, security management, networking, core operating
system infrastructure, etc.
Robust and already has been proven over time
21
Linux Kernel
Android Architecture
22
Written in C and C++
The core power of the Android platform
Libraries
Android Architecture
23
23
Responsible for composing different drawing surfaces
(ex: diff. windows/applications/process all drawing at the
same time) to the screen
Make up the core of the graphics library.
-OpenGL (3D graphics engine)
-SGL (2D graphics engine)
Can combine 3D and 2D graphics in the same application
Libraries
Android Architecture
24
Provided by PacketVideo OpenCore
Support for: MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, and PNG
Bitmap and Vector font rendering
Libraries
Android Architecture
Secure Sockets Layer Protocol for transmitting private documents
25
25
A powerful lightweight relational database engine
An open source browser engine.
Used as the core of the browser which is
the same browser powering Safari.
Libraries
Android Architecture
26
Android Runtime
Android Architecture
Main Component: Dalvik Virtual Machine
Optimized for running in an embedded environment (limited memory,
CPU,battery)
Runs .dex files (bytecodes)
26
.class
.jar files
Optimized!
More efficient!
27
Core Library
Contains all the collection classes, utilities, IO, etc.
27
Android Runtime
Android Architecture
28
Toolkit that all applications (core, by Google, you:)...)
28
* XMPP: Extensible Messaging and PresenceProtocol
An open XML technology for real-time
communication(instant messaging, shared
editing, etc)
All written using the
Java Programming
Language
Application Framework
Android Architecture
29
29
Manages the lifecycle of applications and provides a common navigation backstack
Keeps track what applications are installed in device
Manages Windows
Contains APIs used to build the phone application
Application Framework
Android Architecture
30
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Used to store localized strings, bitmaps, layout file descriptions, etc.
Contains all building blocks of the UI
Provides support for location-based services*
* Support depends on the underlying device
Allows applications to share data with other applications (ex: contact info is available to others)
Application Framework
Android Architecture
31
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Handles notification of users about events that happen
Examples of notification forms: persistent icon in the status bar,
vibrating, playing sound, etc.)
Allows applications to communicate between devices through
GtalkService.GtalkService maintains a persistent socket
connection, therefore the response time is faster than SMS.
Application Framework
Android Architecture
32
Core Applications
Email client
SMS program
Calendar
Maps
Browser
Contacts
etc
All applications are
written using the
Java Programming
Language
Applications
Android Architecture
33
The following pie chart and table is based on the
number of Android devices that have accessed
Google Play within a 14-day period ending on the
data collection date noted below.
Current Distribution
Android
Data collected during a 14-day period ending on October 1, 2012
Version Codename Distribution
1.5
Cupcake 0.1%
1.6
Donut 0.4%
2.1
Eclair 3.4%
2.2
Froyo 12.9%
2.3 - 2.3.2
Gingerbread
0.3%
2.3.3 - 2.3.7
55.5%
3.1
Honeycomb
0.4%
3.2
1.5%
4.0.3 - 4.0.4
Ice Cream
Sandwich
23.7%
4.1
Jelly Bean 1.8%
Future of Android
Android
It is not fixed that which vesion is Key
lime pie of Android.
Android 4.2 or it will be Android 5.0
It is being used in my applainces and
there are many patient concepts powerd by
Android.
Lets wait and see..
Key Lime Pie
Future of Android
Android
Future of Android
Android
Future of Android
Android
Future of Android
Android
Future of Android
Android
Future of Android
Android
Future of Android
Android
Future of Android
Android
Reference
Android
https://www.google.co.in
http://en.wikipedia.org
http://www.cultofandroid.com
http://extratorrent.com
http://www.android.com
Conclusion
Android

Android is open to all: industry, developers and users.
Participating in many of the successful open source projects.
Aims to be as easy to build for as the web.
Google Android is stepping into the next level of Mobile Internet.
Question and Answers
Android

Any questions?

www.google.com
\(^_^)/
\/
But you are excused