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BREAST FEEDING
Sindhu sebastian
Definition of Breast
Feeding

The method of feeding a baby
with milk directly from the
mothers breast.
The rate of growth of the infant
during first 6 months of life is
greater and faster than any other
period of life.

Weight is doubled by 5
th
months
and tripled by 1 year.
The total amount of breast
milk secretion is 500- 900
ml per day.

This will give 520 kcal /day.

This requires additional
600 kcal/day for the
mother.
PRINCIPLES OF BREAST FEEDING
The infant should get sufficient fluid.

The infant should get adequate
food.

The food should have a balanced
composition of protein, fat,
carbohydrate, minerals and vitamins
and it should be easily digestible.
COMPOSITION OF BREAST MILK AND
COLOSTRUM
PROTEI
N
FAT CHO WAT
ER
COLOS
TRUM
8.6 2.3 3.2 86
BREAST
MILK
1.2 3.2 7.5 87
EXCLUSIVE BREAST FEEDING

Giving nothing orally other
than colostrum and breast milk
up to 6 months of age.
Physiology of lactation
GALACTOKINESIS
GALACTOPOIESIS
LACTOGENESIS
MAMMOGENESIS
PHASES OF
LACTATION

ADVANTAGES OF BREAST FEEDING
1. NUTRITIVE VALUE
Breast milk contains all the
nutrients in the right proportion
and for easy digestion.
It provides
66 calories per 100ml
1.2 gm protein
3.8 gm fat

ADVANTAGE CONTD..
7.0 Gm lactose
35mg calcium
15 mg in 100 ml phosphorous
170-670 IU Vitamin A
2 to 6 mg Vit C
2.2 IU Vit D

2.DIGESTABILITY
Easily digestible

ADVANTAGE CONTD..
3. PROTECTIVE VALUE
It contains
Vit D which protects the
baby against rickets.
Lactoferrin, lysozyme,
lactoperoxidase,
complements and
leukocytes that hinder the
growth of E.coli.


ADVANTAGE CONTD..
Lysozyme content protects
against infection and interferon is
an antiviral substance.
Long chain W-3 fatty acids that is
important for neurological
development of the baby.
Protective antibodies preventing
bacterial contact to the epithelial
cell surfaces.

ADVANTAGE CONTD..
Long chain W-3 fatty acids
that is important for
neurological development of
the baby.

Protective antibodies
preventing bacterial contact
to the epithelial cell
surfaces.
4.PSYCHOLOGICAL
BENEFITS
It promotes physical and
emotional bondage with
the mother.
It stimulate psychomotor
and social development.

ADVANTAGE CONTD..
5. MATERNAL BENEFITS
It reduces the chances of
post partum hemorrhage
and helps in better uterine
involutions.
Lactational amenorrhea
promotes in recovery of Iron
stores.

It act as a natural
contraception.
It improves slimming of
the mother.
It is more convenient
and time saving for the
mother.

ADVANTAGE CONTD..
6. FAMILY AND COMMUNITY
BENEFITS
It is economical in terms of
saving money ,time, and
energy.
Family has to spend less on
milk, health care and illness.
Community expenditure on
contraception are reduced.
PREPARATION FOR BREAST FEEDING
INITIATION OF BREAST FEEDING
INDICATORS OF ADEQUACY OF BREAST
FEEDING
DIFFERENT COMPOSITIONS OF BREAST
MILK
colostr
um
Fore
milk
Transiti
onal
milk
Hind
milk
Matur
e milk
Preter
m milk
TECHNIQUES OF BREAST FEEDING





PROBLEMS OF BREAST FEEDING AND ITS
MANAGEMENT
DUE TO MOTHER
Dislike to feed the baby
Infants attachment to breast
Anxiety and stress
Following operative delivery.
Milk secretion is inadequate
Breast ailments
Working mothers


A quasi experimental study was conducted
on, A Comparison of Cabbage Leaves
versus Hot and Cold Compresses in the
Treatment of Breast Engorgement in the
Post-Natal Ward of the All India Institute of
Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi. The
study was conducted on 60 subjects. They
concluded that cold cabbage leaves and
hot and cold compress are equally
effective in decreasing breast
engorgement.

DUE TO INFANT
Low birth weight baby
Temporary illness
Over distension of stomach
with swallowed air
Congenital malformation.

METHODS OF ESTABLISHMENT OF
LACTATION
FOR THE BABY
To discontinue the bottle
feedings.
To put the baby to the breast
at frequent intervals.
Baby should suck in a well
attached manner.
FOR THE MOTHER
To encourage plenty of fluid
and milk intake.
Drugs like Metoclopromide or
oxytocin .

A study was conducted on the efficacy of
jasmine flowers to suppress puerperial lactation
compared to Bromocriptine in Vellore, India. .
Effectiveness of both regimens was monitored
by clinical evaluation of the degree of breast
engorgement and milk production. They
concluded that Jasmine flowers seem to be an
effective and inexpensive method of
suppressing puerperal lactation and managing
engorgement.



STUDENTS REFERENCES
1.Parul dutta. Paediatric nursing.Second edition
.Jaypee brothers medical publishers.pp-51-57
TEACHERS REFERENCES
1.D.C.Dutta text book of obstetrics ,sixth edition ,New
central book agency (pvt)LTD.2004 pp-450-452
2.O.P.Ghai .essentials of paediatrics. sixth
edition.Mehfa publishers.pp-63-64
INTERNET SOURCE
1.www.wikipedia.org.com