Photosynthesis

Chapter 7
7.1 Introduction to photosynthesis
7.2 Light dependent reaction
7.3 Light independent reaction
7.4 Factors limiting the rate of
photosynthesis


Explain the conversion of light energy
into ATP and NADPH


OBJECTIVE :
At the end of this lesson, students should
be able to :
KEYTERMS
Light Dependent Reactions
Photophosphorylation
Non-cyclicphotophosphorylation
Cyclic photophosphorylation







Overview:
7.2 Light Dependent Reactions
7.2 Light Dependent Reactions
Light dependent reaction

Occurs in the presence of
light
Occurs in the grana
The light dependent
reaction converts light
energy to chemical
energy (ATP and
NADPH)


Photophosphorylation
The formation of ATP which occurs during
the light dependent stage of photosynthesis
(ATP production in photosynthesis)

2 types of photophosphorylation:-

(a) The non-cyclic photophosphorylation

(b) The cyclic photophosphorylation


THE NON-CYCLIC
PHOTOPHOSPHORYLATION
STEPS IN NON-CYCLIC
PHOTOPHOSPORYLATION
Step 1
i) Light strikes photosystem II - causes
electrons to be ejected


ii) These electrons are accepted by electron
acceptor

Step 2
i) Electrons from the acceptor pass through a
series of electron transport chain

ii. The electrons lose energy until they reach for
the Photosystem I
iii) The energy released is used to form ATP-
photophosphorylation

Step 3
i) PSI absorbs light energy
ii) Electrons are ejected from PS1
iii) PS1 receives electrons from PS1



iv) The ejected electron are accepted by electron
acceptor
v) The electron and hydrogen ions (H
+
) are used
to NADP to NADPH
vi) Protons are produced by photolysis of water



Photolysis of water
i) Photolysis is the process of splitting water
molecules using light energy with the release
of electrons and protons (H+) and oxygen.
ii) Proton from H
2
O reduce NADP to NADPH
2
iii) Electrons from H
2
O used to replaced
electrons missing from photosystem II
iv) Oxygen atom is released as a by-product
that used in cellular respiration


NADPH & ATP produced are used in
the light independent reactions or
Calvin Cycle
CYCLIC
PHOTOPHOSPORYLATION
The electrons from PS1 also be recycled
to PSI

Produced only ATP known as cyclic
photophosphorylation

Electron

from PSI may pass back to
the ETC and to PS1 after they are
ejected
As the electron pass along the ETC,
ATP is formed


CYCLIC
PHOTOPHOSPORYLATION
Light dependent reactions use light
energy to produce ATP & NADPH

Involves PSI & PSII

Conclusion