Lab Activity 11: Group I

Muscles
Martini Chapter 11
Institut Pendidikan Guru Malaysia
PJM3106
2
Origin and Insertion
Origin: The place where the fixed end
attaches to a bone, cartilage, or connective
tissue.
Insertion: The site where the movable end
attaches to another structure.
MUSCLES OF THE HEAD
4
Frontalis
Origin: Epicranial
aponeurosis
Insertion: Skin
over forehead
Action: Elevates
eyebrows and
wrinkles skin of
forehead
Epicranial
Aponeurosis
5
Occipitalis
Origin: Occipital
and temporal bones
Insertion: Epicranial
aponeurosis
Action: Fixes
epicranial
aponeurosis and
pulls scalp
posteriorly
6
Orbicularis Oculi
Origin: Medial orbital
margin and zygomatic
bone
Insertion: Skin
surrounding eye
Action: Closes eyelids
and depresses skin of
forehead
7
Temporalis
Origin: Temporal
fossa
Insertion:
Coronoid process
of mandible
Action: Elevates
and retracts
mandible
8
Masseter
Origin:
Zygomatic
process and arch
Insertion: Angle
and ramus of
mandible
Action: Elevates
mandible
9
Orbicularis Oris
Origin: By muscular
skips to surround
muscles
Insertion: Muscles
interlace to surround
mouth
Action: Closes and
purses lips
10
Origin: Zygomatic
arch
Insertion: Corner of
mouth
Action: Elevates
corner of mouth
Zygomaticus Major
11
Origin: Fascia of
masseter
Insertion: Corner of
mouth
Action: Draws corner
of mouth laterally
Risorius
SUPERFICIAL MUSCULATURE
OF THE NECK
13
Origin: Medial tip of
suprascapular notch

Insertion: Body of
hyoid bone

Action: Depresses
hyoid bone
Omohyoid
14
Origin: Posterior
surface of
manubrium, and
medial clavicle
Insertion: Hyoid
bone
Action: Depresses
hyoid bone
Sternohyoid
15
Origin: Mylohyoid
line of mandible
Insertion: Hyoid bone
Action: Elevates
hyoid bone and floor
of mouth, depresses
mandible
Mylohyoid
16
Origin: Lower border
of mandible near
midline
Insertion:
Intermediate tendon
Action: Elevates
hyoid bone and base
of tongue, depresses
mandible
Digastric
Anterior Belly
17
Origin: Mastoid
notch of temporal
bone
Insertion:
Intermediate tendon
Action: Moves hyoid
bone back
Digastric
Posterior Belly
MUSCLES OF THE
NECK & BACK
19
Origin: Manubrium
and medial third of
clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid
process
Action: Rotates head
to opposite side,
extends head, and
flexes vertebral
column
Sternocleidomastoid
20
Trapezius
Origin: External occipital
protuberance, superior
nuchal line and spinous
process of C
7
-T
12

Insertion: Anterior border
of scapular spine, acromion
process, lateral third of
clavicle
Action: Elevates, adducts,
and depresses scapula

21
Latissimus Dorsi
Origin: Spinous processes
of lower 6 thoracic
vertebrae, thoracolumbar
fascia, crest of ilium
Insertion: Intertubercular
groove of humerus
Action: Extends, rotates
humerus medially, draws
shoulder down and
backward
22
Origin: Transverse
processes of C
1-4


Insertion: Superior angle
spine of scapula

Action: Elevates scapula
Levator Scapula
23
Origin: Spinous
process of T
1-5
and
supraspinous
ligament
Insertion: Medial
border below spine
of scapula
Action: Adducts
scapula and
performs downward
rotation
Rhomboid Major
24
Origin: Spinous
process of C
7
-T
1

Insertion: Medial
border of scapula at
base of spine
Action: Adducts
scapula and performs
downward rotation
Rhomboid Minor
25
Origin: Lateral surface
of upper 8 ribs
Insertion: Anterior lip
of medial border of
scapula
Action: Holds scapula
to chest wall, medially
rotates scapula in
abducting or extending
humerus
Serratus Anterior
26
Origin: Sacrum, iliac
crest, spinous
processes of lumbar
vertebrae and T11,12
Insertion: Angles of
the ribs. Spinous &
Transverse processes
of vertebrae
Action: Extension of
vertebral column
Erector Spinae
27
Origin: Iliolumbar
ligament and crest of
ilium
Insertion: Lower border
of 12th rib, transverse
process of upper lumbar
vertebrae
Action: Depresses rib
cage inferiorly and
laterally flexes trunk
Quadratus
Lumborum
28
Origin: Transverse
processes of C
3
-C
6

Insertion: 1
st
rib
Action: Elevates 1st
rib, flexes neck
forward and laterally,
rotates neck
Scalenes
Anterior
29
Origin: Transverse
processes of C
2
-C
7

Insertion: 1
st
rib
Action: Elevates 1st
rib, flexes neck
forward and laterally,
rotates neck
Scalenes
Middle
30
Origin: Transverse
processes of C
4
-C
6

Insertion: 2
nd
rib
Action: Elevates 2nd
rib, flexes neck
laterally, slightly
rotates neck
Scalenes
Posterior
MUSCLES OF THE
THORACIC WALL
32
Origin: Inferior
border of rib above
Insertion: Superior
border of rib below
Action: Elevates rib
cage during
inspiration
External Intercostal
33
Origin: Superior
border of rib below
Insertion: Inferior
border of rib above
Action: Depresses rib
cage during expiration
Internal Intercostal
34
Pectoralis Major
Origin: Medial half of
clavicle, sternum, costal
cartilages, aponeurosis of
external abdominal oblique
Insertion: Intertubular groove
of humerus
Action: Flexes, adducts, and
medially rotates humerus,
draws body upward in
climbing
35
Origin: Anterior
surface of ribs 3 to 5
Insertion: Coracoid
process of scapula
Action: Draws
scapula down and
forward and elevates
ribs
Pectoralis Minor
MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR
ABDOMINAL WALL
37
Origin: Pubis
symphysis and crest
of pubis
Insertion: Xiphoid
process and cartilages
of ribs 5 to 7
Action: Tenses
abdominal wall and
flexes vertebral
column
Rectus Abdominus
38
Origin: External
surface of lower 8 ribs
Insertion: Anterior
half of iliac crest and
linea alba
Action: Compresses
abdomen,
contralaterally rotates
and flexes vertebral
column
External Abdominal Oblique
39
Origin: Lateral half of
inguinal ligament, anterior
iliac crest and
thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: Lower four ribs,
linea alba and by conjoined
tendon to pubis
Action: Compresses
abdomen, ipsilaterally
rotates and flexes vertebral
column
Internal Abdominal Oblique
40
Origin: Lateral third
of inguinal ligament,
anterior iliac crest,
and thoracolumbar
fascia
Insertion: Linea alba,
and by conjoined
tendon to pubis
Action: Compresses
abdomen
Transverse Abdominis
41
The End