RELATIONSHIP

BETWEEN FORCE
AND PRESSURE
FRICTION
EFFECTS OF
FORCE
INTRODUCTION
FORCE

- playing a guitar - scrubbing the floor
- sawing wood - rowing a boat

A pull is when we apply a force to
move an object towards our body


A force to move an object away from
our bodies
FORCE
A force is a push or a pull or both. A force cannot be seen but we can feel and
observe the effects of the force.
PUSH
PULL
COMBINATION OF PUSH AND PULL
Stops a moving
object or makes a
stationary object
moves
Change the
speed of a
moving object
Change the
direction of a
moving object
Changes the
shape
permanently

Changes the
shape
temporarily
EFFECTS OF
A FORCE
Stretch a rubber band
After
An object that will return to its original shape and size after being
squeezed, pressed, twisted and stretched is elastic
After After
Press a sponge Squeeze a spring
Drop a glass
After
After
Tear a piece of paper
After
Crush an empty can
An object that will not return to its original shape and size after being squeezed,
pressed, twisted and stretched is inelastic
MISCONCEPTION???
A solid cannot be compressed or stretched!!
CHILDRENS MISCONCEPTION
EXPLANATION
The shape of a solid object changes when a force is
applied to it whether its temporarily or permanently
Example: crushing a can changes the shape
permanently
when a force is applied in
the opposite direction
(or different direction), the
moving object will change
its moving direction
MISCONCEPTION???
Misconception?
A force is needed to keep an object moving with a constant speed
Explanation:
You do not need forces to move at a steady speed but if you keep the same
speed yet change direction, like a moon around a planet, then you have a
force acting on you anyway

An object will move faster when
a force is applied
It moves in the same direction as
the applied force

A stationary ball will move when it is
kicked
Moves in the same direction as the
applied force

The moving ball will stop when
an equal force is applied in the
opposite direction of its motion
MISCONCEPTION???
Force is a property of an object. An object has force
and when it runs out of force it stops moving
EXPLANATION
an object at rest or in motion will
remain in that state unless an
external force is applied to the
object
Newton 1
st
Law
FRICTION
- Occurs when two
surfaces are moving
in contact with each
other
Factors that effect
friction
Physical condition
of the surface
Weight of
an object
Advantages
enables people to run and walk
without falling or slipping
enables us to write on paper
enables a car to stop when the brakes
are applied
enables an object to be stationary
music instruments can produce sound
allows vehicles to travel on the road
without slipping


Disadvantages
slows down a moving object
causes the surfaces of objects
to wear out
causes less effectiveness of
moving machine
causes heating
causes sound pollution
increases cost when worn-out
objects need to be replaced
with new ones
Ways to reduce
use ball bearing
use wheel and axle
use lubricants such as grease
or oil
use air cushion
use roller bearing
MISCONCEPTION???
Friction is only present when something is
rubbing against a moving object
EXPLANATION
Occurs when two surfaces are moving in contact
with each other

Examples of friction
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FORCE AND
PRESSURE
AIR PRESSURE
BICYCLE PUMP
A force is applied to the pump to
produce air pressure
Applying
force
Pull and push