Solutions for power evacuation of

TANJUNG JATI POWER PLANT

PLN:
Susanto WIBOVO
Singal SIHOMBING
Onda IRAWAN
Munawar FURQAN March 2007
JAKARTA
AREVA T&D, Systems :
A-MAHER
 Brief Conclusion Of Results

 In normal operation
 Even with reconductoring of the 150 kV lines, and addition
of two more 150 kV lines, voltage level at Ungaran 500 kV is
at its low limit
 Series compensation of 500 kV lines prevents, primarily,
under voltage in normal operation, in all cases , even
without any modification in 150 level. The voltage
conditions in post-fault period is also good.
 It is important to be noted that, series compensation at
Ungaran side of the lines permits to obtain very good
results without any modification at 150 kV level. Specially, if
these modifications are not necessary for area loading
 In normal conditions 150 kV lines should not be used to
transfer considerable power instead of 500 kV lines, as it
generates 9 times more losses.

PLN-AREVA - March 2007 2

 Brief Conclusion Of Results

 In N-1 contingency; one 500 kV line is tripped:

 For faulted conditions, with trip of one line, one generator
is also temporarily tripped.
 Temporary trip of one generator prevents any probable 500
kV line over loading, and it is supported by the system
 A CIGRE reference is enclosed about this method

 Ungaran 150 kV switch gear short circuit level

 A 12 ohms series reactor is inserted into bus-coupler bay,
with proposed operational method (see, the explanations)

PLN-AREVA - March 2007 3

 Introduction
Subject introduction:
Two additional 600 MW units are planned for installation adjacent to the
existing Tanjung- Jati power plant.
To investigate possible evacuation scenarios of the additional powers of the
power plant PLN-Areva performed a joint study.
A preliminary meeting was held on Friday 30th March at PLN-PUSAT office; the
followings were present:
PLN;
Susanto WIbovo
Singal Sihombing
Onda Irawan
Areva;
Liasta Singarimbun
Gregoire Bour
A - Maher
In this meeting, investigation scenarios were generally discussed, and from
Monday, April 02, 2007, the calculation and studies were performed.
Objective of the present analysis is to determine the optimum solution for
injection of the added power into the network taking into consideration
the cost, right of way difficulties and time required of the construction of
the solutions.

PLN-AREVA - March 2007 4

 Studied Scenarios

Possible studied scenarios:

 Configuration 1
 Power plant is composed of 4 generators and two 500/150 kV transformers.
 500 kV lines are only the two existing ones going to Ungaran.
 The 150 kV transmission lines connected to the two power transformers,
supply local area loads, and provide somehow a parallel rout to the two
500 kV lines to 500 kV system.
 No Series compensation is added to the 500 kV lines
 In this configuration two 150 kV lines are over loaded to 116% of their
rated ampacities.
 The voltages at Syung and Tbrok, 150 kV are low; 94% & 93%
 Each 500 kV line is loaded to1100 MVA. The thermal capacity of each line
is about 1985 MVA.
 The voltage at Ungaran 500 kV is low; 94.9%
 For a normal operation, this configuration, it is not
acceptable

PLN-AREVA - March 2007 5

 Studied Scenarios

 Configuration 2
 The same configuration as above, but the conductors of the 150
kV lines are replaced with new conductors having about two
times ampacity as the existing ones, but with the same weight.
 Overload of the 150 kV lines are removed. But, voltage at Ungaran
500 kV is low; 95%.
 The voltage level of the PRW15(150 kV bus) is low. The reason is
that the power flows down to KUDUS and then returns to
consumer substations of SYUNG and TBROK. That is why the
additional lines between Tanjung-Jati and Syung are proposed, in
configuration 3.
 When one 500 kV line of Ungaran is opened, the remaining line
takes about 1910 MVA, which is less than thermal capacity of the
line, and voltage at Ungaran 500 kV is low; 91%.
 But, when, the line conditions, and system stability is studied
after removal of a line fault, the remaining line may trip, see the
study results.
 So, for normal operation, some compensation is
necessary, specially if the proposed 150 kV modifications
are not implemented.

PLN-AREVA - March 2007 6

 Studied Scenarios

 Configuration 3
 With configuration number 2, Two 150 lines are added between
Tanjung jati and Syung.
 Even with these additional 150 kV lines, the voltage at Ungaran 500
kV is low; 95.5%.
 Therefore, if, the mentioned extensions are delayed, the voltage
would be still lower.
 When one 500 kV line trips, resulted conditions are similar to the
previous case.

 For normal operation 95.5%, seems low, some compensation

will improve the conditions considerably (see config 5), specially
if the proposed 150 kV modifications are not implemented.

PLN-AREVA - March 2007 7

 Studied Scenarios

 Configuration 4
 This configuration is the configuration 1; only existing
system, with series compensation of the 500 kV lines.
 500 kV lines are only the two existing ones going to
Ungaran.
 The voltages, (figure of this simulation is not available to
author), The voltage at Ungaran 500 kV is very good

Detailed simulation results

will be placed here by PLN

PLN-AREVA - March 2007 8

Tripping a generator in case of
a fault in one of the 500 kV lines

PLN-AREVA - March 2007 9

 Configuration number 5:
Config. 3; plus series compensation, in faulted conditions

Configuration number 5; steady state operation:

Equivalent to configuration 3, but with about 60% series

compensation on 500 kV lines.
At steady state all voltage conditions become perfect:

98.3%, for normal operation, and 97% for one line steady state
operation.
Faulted operation results , se later in this report

0 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 10

 Configuration number 6:
Config. 3; in faulted conditions

Configuration number 6; steady state operation:

At steady state voltage conditions are not good

Faulted operation results , see later in this report, when one

generator is tripped, the conditions become almost acceptable
for a contingency period

For faulted conditions, with trip of one generator, Ungaran

voltage is about 94%

1 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 11

 Simulation data and results

2 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 12

 Configuration number 1; with existing 150 kV lines

3 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 13

 Configuration number 1; with existing 150 kV lines

4 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 14

 Configuration number 2;
150 kV lines are reconductored
Steady state conditions;

Still, Ungaran voltage is at low limit: 95%

Comments; reconductoring can be justified, if 150
kV loads are high

5 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 15

 Configuration number 2, 150 kV lines are reconductored

6 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 16

 N-1, in Configuration number 2

Configuration number 2, one 500 kV line is out;

150 kV lines are reconductored

One 500 kV line is out, but without any fault, at

steady state
The remaining line power(2030 MVA) is slightly
higher than thermal limit of line(1985 MVA)
Ungaran 500 kV bus voltage is very low(90.8%)
The conditions are not acceptable

When line is tripped due to a fault, conditions

will be worse

7 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 17

 one 500 kV line is out, but without any fault

8 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 18

 N-1, in Configuration number 3

Configuration number 3;
150 kV lines are reconductored and;
Two 150 kV lines are added between Tbrok &
Syung

Both 500 kV lines are in at steady state

Operating conditions are almost normal

Ungaran 500 kV bus voltage is still low(95.5%)

The voltage conditions for steady state are not
very favourable

9 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 19

 Configuration number 3

0 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 20

 N-1, in Configuration number 3
N-1, in configuration number 3; steady state:

150 kV lines are reconductored and;

Two 150 kV lines are added between Tbroka &
Syung
one 500 kV line is out, but without any fault;
Steady state
The remaining line power(1905 MVA) is slightly
smaller than thermal limit of line(1985 MVA)
Ungaran 500 kV bus voltage is still very
low(91.8%)
These conditions are not acceptable

When line is tripped due to a fault, conditions

will be worse

1 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 21

 One 500 kV line is out, but without any fault at Steady state

2 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 22

 Configuration number 3, faulted N-1

N-1 of configuration number 3, but in faulted conditions ;

150 kV lines are reconductored and;
Two 150 kV lines are added between Tbroka & Syung

A 3-ph fault is simulated on a 500 kV line close to power plant

and is removed after 90 ms;
The remaining line power is about 2000 MVA, it is slightly
higher than thermal limit of line(1985 MVA);
In case 150 kV loads are less than what is
declared, this line would trip too.
Ungaran 500 kV bus voltage is still very
low(92%)
The conditions are not acceptable

Nevertheless the system stability is not lost; (see,

3 coming slides)

3 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 23

 LOADING OF UNGARAN-TJATI & IBT 500/150 kV
CONFIG-3 (3 PH FAULT AT 1 CKT UNGRAN-TJATI)

UNGARAN-TJATI 500 kV

IBT 500/150 kV

4 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 24

 VOLTAGE AT UNGARAN
CONFIG-3 (3 PH FAULT AT 1 CKT UNGRAN-TJATI)

5 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 25

ROTOR ANGLE STABILITY
CONFIG-3 (3 PH FAULT AT 1 CKT UNGRAN-TJATI)
 Configuration number 5; series compensation;
steady state operation

Configuration number 5;
Equivalent to configuration 3, but with about 60%
series compensation on 500 kV lines.
At steady state all voltage conditions become
perfect:

98.3%, for normal operation, and 97% for one line

steady state operation.

7 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 27

 Configuration number 5; series compensation;
faulted conditions
Equivalent to configuration 3, but with about 60% series
compensation on 500 kV lines.

A 3-ph fault is simulated on a 500 kV line close to power plant

and is removed after 90 ms;
The remaining line power is about 2000 MVA, it is slightly
higher than thermal limit of line(1985 MVA);
Ungaran 500 kV bus voltage is good (97%)
The voltage conditions are good, but from power
carrying point of view, there is possibility of the
line tripping, specially, in case 150 kV loads are less
than what is declared, this line may trip too.
For such an important power outlet, this risk should
not be taken

System stability is not lost

8 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 28

 Configuration number 5; faulted conditions
Proposed solution

In order to remove the eventual probability of the

remaining line trip, one of the generators is intentionally
tripped simultaneously with the faulted line.
This action removes MVA constraint of the line.
And as can be seen from the three coming slides, All
points from stability point of view are also all right.
Incidentally the combination of the loads are such, that
tripping one generator removes that much of power,
which line load becomes about 1500 MVA. With such
resulted loading, we may not need series compensation.
Nevertheless, series compensation for normal operation
is needed
Voltage at Ungaran without compensation, in similar
conditions, is about 94%

9 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 29

 Configuration number 5; faulted conditions
Proposed solution, summary

upon detection of a fault at any of the two lines, along

with line trip order, a trip signal is also sent to one of
the generators. This action automatically brings the
power of the line within the thermal capacity of it. The
tripped unit power is supplied and replaced by the
spinning reserve of the network.And as can be seen
from the three coming slides, All conditions are all right.
Series compensation of lines prevents, primarily,
under voltage in normal operation, and also in post-fault
condition.
For faulted conditions, with trip of one generator,
series compensation effect is less
Temporary trip of one generator prevents any probable
500 kV line over loading.

0 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 30

 Configuration number 5; series compensation; normal operation

1 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 31

 LOADING OF UNGARAN-TJATI & IBT 500/150 kV
CONFIG-5 WITH SERIES CAPASITOR
(3 PH FAULT AT 1 CKT UNGRAN-TJATI& TRIP 1 UNIT TJATI)

2 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 32

 VOLTAGE LEVEL AT UNGARAN 500 KV
CONFIG-5 WITH SERIES CAPASITOR
(3 PH FAULT AT 1 CKT UNGRAN-TJATI& TRIP 1 UNIT TJATI)

3 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 33

ROTOR ANGLE STABILITY
CONFIG-5 WITH SERIES CAPASITOR
(3 PH FAULT AT 1 CKT UNGRAN-TJATI& TRIP 1 UNIT TJATI)
 Configuration number 6:
Config. 3; in faulted conditions

5 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 35

 Configuration number 6; no compensation;
generator tripping upon line fault :

In normal operation prior to fault occurrence,

Ungaran 500 kV bus voltage is low(95.5%)
The voltage conditions for steady state are not
favourable.
Temporary trip of one generator prevents any
probable 500 kV line over loading, in this case
too.
For faulted conditions, with trip of one
generator, Ungaran voltage is about 94%

6 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 36

LOADING OF UNGARAN-TJATI & IBT 500/150 kV
CONFIG-6 (3 PH FAULT AT 1 CKT UNGRAN-TJATI& TRIP 1 UNIT TJATI)

UNGARAN-TJATI 500 Kv

IBT 500/150 kV
 VOLTAGE LEVEL AT UNGARAN 500 KV
CONFIG6 (3 PH FAULT AT 1 CKT UNGRAN-TJATI& TRIP 1 UNIT TJATI)

8 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 38

 ROTOR ANGLE STABILITY
CONFIG-6 (3 PH FAULT AT 1 CKT UNGRAN-TJATI& TRIP 1 UNIT TJATI)

9 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 39

 Short circuit level at Ungaran
150 kV sun-station

0 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 40

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tower (33a - 33m)+34 - 69 tower 01 - 95 tower 01 - 79 tower 01 - 27 tower 01 - 45
10,912 kM 29,100 kM 56,784 kM 8,281 kM 16,569 kM
I II I II I II II I II I

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1600-1200-800-400/1A1600-1200-800-400/1A 1600-1200-800-400/1A 1600-1200-800-400/1A 600-450-300-150/1A 600-450-300-150/1A 2000-1600-800-400/1A 2000-1600-800-400/1A 1600-1200-800-400/1A 1600-1200-800-400/1A

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20 kA

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25 kA
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25 kA
Bus 1250 A
630 A 400 A 630 A 630 A 630 A 630 A 630 A
12,5 A
Section 400 A 400 A 400 A
2500 A
200-400/1A 200-400/1A 200-400/1A 200-400/1A 200-400/1A 200-400/1A 200-400/1A
25/5 A 25/5 A 25/5 A
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AL 3 X 1 X 400 mm2
PT PLN (Persero)
PENYALURAN DAN PUSAT PENGATUR BEBAN JAWA BALI
REGION JAWA TENGAH DAN DIY
Unit Pelayanan Transmisi Semarang

GI 150 kV UNGARAN
Tanggal Digambar Diperiksa Disetujui Revisi
02-05-2006 DERI CAHYONO MARDI S 01
1RJTD/FML/04-3028 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 File: \\Evop1\D\Single Line Diagram\UPT semarang\GI Ungaran.cdr 41
 Ungaran short circuit level

 Total short circuit level at Ungaran 150 kV bus reaches

to about 49 kA, and this is the case in all the
configurations with very little difference
 The contribution to this current is made from many
feeders, therefore inserting series reactors to all the
feeders is; firstly impractical from space and equipment
point of view, secondly large voltage drops will be
resulted on all feeders.
 It is proposed to insert a series reactor (12 ohms) into
the bus-coupler circuit, and one of each double circuit
lines will be connected to one bus, the other to the
second bus.

2 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 42

 Ungaran short circuit level

 Bus-coupler is kept closed, but usually very small power

is flowing through it, therefore it has no adverse effect.
Even when mismatch is temporarily equal to one feeder
current its effect is not high.
 Total short circuit level at Ungaran 150 kV bus, then
reaches to about 40 kA. But any feeder breaker will have
40 kA minus its own contribution. So it is always much
less than 40 kA. Short circuit level of each breaker can
be calculated by PLN, to have detailed values

3 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 43

 Simulation with three 500 kV lines

 A third line is added between TANJUNG JATI and

MANDIRANCAN
 The 150 kV modifications are also included
 N-1 conditions and normal conditions are all right
 The short circuit level of the Ungaran 150 kV should
however be corrected.

4 PLN-AREVA - March 2007 44