132KV SUBSTATION

Presented ByParmod
Roll no-3513670
5th SEM

Electrical And Electronics

Engineering

CONTENTS
1.SUBSTATION.
2. CIRCUIT BREAKER
3. PROTECTIVE RELAY
4. LIGHTING ARRESTERS
5. BUS BAR
6. SWITCHES
7. CONTROL ROOM
8. TRANSFORMER
9. PLCC
10. RTU
11.SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

 An electrical substation is a subsidiary

station of a transmission and distribution

system where voltage is transformed from high
to low using transformers.
Electric power may flow through several

substations between generating plant and

consumer, and may be changed in voltage in
several steps.

 Classification based on voltage levels, e.g. : A.C.

Substation : EHV, HV, MV, LV; HVDC Substation.

Classification based on Outdoor or Indoor : Outdoor

substation is under open sky. Indoor substation is inside a

building.

Primary Grid Substation : Created

at suitable
load centre along Primary transmission lines.

Secondary Substation : Along

Secondary

Transmission Line.
Distribution Substation : Created

where the
transmission line voltage is Step Down to
supply voltage.

 Primary Substations receive power from EHV lines

at 400KV, 220KV, 132KV and transform the voltage to

66KV, 33KV or 22KV
Secondary Substations receive power at 66/33KV

which is stepped down usually to 11KV.

Distribution Substations receive power at 11KV, 6.6

KV and step down to a volt suitable for LV distribution

purposes, normally at 415 volts

 It is an automatically-operated electrical

switch.
It operates both on ON LOAD and NO

LOAD conditions.

 The protective relay ensures the safety of the

circuit equipments from any damage which

might otherwise cause by fault.

 It is connected between the line and earth so

diverts the incoming high voltage wave to

earth.
Lightning arresters act as safety valves

designed to discharge electric surges

resulting from lightning strokes, switching
or other disturbance .

 Lightning arrestors directly connected at

one end to the transmission system.

 Bus-bars are merely convenient means of

connecting switches and other equipment

into various arrangements.

THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF BUS :1.Main bus

2. Transfer bus

A switch is used in an electric circuit as a

device for making or breaking the electric
circuit in a convenient way

 The control room is nerve center of a power

station .
The various controls performed from here

are voltage adjustment, load control,

emergency tripping of turbines etc.

 A transformer is a device that transfers

electrical energy from one circuit to

another through inductively coupled
conductors-the transformer's coils.
Types:1. STEP-UP
2. STEP-DOWN

A transformer is a static device which

transfers a . c. electrical power from one
circuit to the other at the same frequency
but the voltage level is changed

 Power Line Carrier Communication, is an

approach to utilize the existing power lines

for the transmission of information.

The communication device used for the

communication over the power lines is a MODEM,
commonly known as Power Line MODEM (PLM).
It works as both transmitter and receiver, i.e., it
transmits and receives data over the power lines

 It collects three primary types of data .

1.the status of process devices (digital inputs)

2. measures process variables (analog inputs)

3.accumulators (pulse inputs).

 RTU database can be downloaded on

operator request, from a PC using the

SIM900 software.
The software package delivered with S900

RTU allows to handle both digital and

analog inputs/outputs

DIAGRAM OF RTU