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AIR PRESSURE

SCIENCE FORM 2

AIR PRESSURE

Produces when the air around


us presses on the surfaces of
the objects that are in it.

KINETIC THEORY OF GASES

A gas consists of many particles which


are apart from each other
The particles move freely in all
directions
The particles continuously hit the walls
of the container and bounce back
A force is exerted by the particles on
the walls of the container
This force produces a pressure on the
walls of the container

AIR PRESSURE

Air pressure is higher at sea level than on top of mountain

FACTORS AFFECTING AIR


PRESSURE IN A CLOSED
CONTAINER
FACTOR

Volume

RELATIONSHIP

EXPLANATION

The air particles


move in a smaller
space
More particles
Volume decreases,
hit the walls of
Air pressure
container
increases
Larger force is
produced
Higher pressure
acts on the wall

FACTORS AFFECTING AIR


PRESSURE IN A CLOSED
CONTAINER
FACTOR

Temperature

RELATIONSHIP

Temperature
increases,
Air pressure
increases

EXPLANATION
Air particles
move faster
More particles
hit the walls of
container
Larger force is
produced
Higher pressure
acts on the wall

PRINCIPLE OF AIR PRESSURE

Air will flow from a region of higher air


pressure to a region of lower air pressure.
This movement of air is caused by a force
acting in the direction of higher to lower air
pressure.

PRINCIPLE OF AIR PRESSURE

If a surface lies between two regions of different air


pressures, a force will act on the surface in the direction of
higher to lower air pressure.

APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLE


OF AIR PRESSURE

SYRINGE
When the piston is
pulled upwards, the
volume of air in the
barrel increases
The air pressure in it is
reduced
The higher outside
pressure forces the water
through the needle into
the barrel

SIPHON

The bent tube is filled with water


(siphon) has low pressure in it
The higher outside pressure pushes the
water into the tube
The water flows out of the tube

DRINKING STRAW
Sucking removes
the air inside the
straw producing
low pressure
The higher
pressure outside
pushes the water
into the straw

POURING MILK FROM CAN

When the milk flows out of the can, the


pressure inside the can is reduced
The second hole allows air to enter the can
and fill up the empty space producing equals
air pressure inside and outside the can
The equal pressure enable the milk to flow
continuously out of the can

SUCTION PUMP / PLUNGER


When the plunger is pushed
down, the air under the rubber
sucker is force out and reduce
the air pressure
When the plunger is pull, the
volume of air under the rubber
sucker increases and further
reduce the air pressure
The higher external air pressure
pushes and loosens the blockage
which will then flow out with
the water

GAS UNDER HIGH PRESSURE

Gas can be changed to liquid (liquefied gases) when they are


compressed under high pressure.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WHEN HANDLING


GAS UNDER HIGH PRESSURE

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