Power Control

Common CH PC

UL

DL

Open Loop

DCH CH PC

HSDPA CH PC

DL

UL

Closed loop

Inner Loop
(Fast PC)

Open Loop

Outer loop

HS-DPCCH

HS-SCCH

Closed loop

Inner Loop
(Fast PC)

Outer loop

HSUPA CH PC

WCDMA power control procedure consists of 3 Loops

1- Open-loop
2- Inner-loop
3- Outer-loop

UL Power Control
1- Open-loop power control(UL)

Power

Pini

oAt beginning of a connection in order to provide initial power

oMS estimates an initial minimum required power
oIf no response received from Node-B, MS retries with a slightly higher power until
acknowledgement received

Ack

2- Inner-Loop Power Control (UL)

SIR received is compared to target SIR

SIR > Target SIR

Node-B send power control commands to MS to decrease its power to reach target
SIR< Target SIR
Node-B send power control commands to MS to increase its power to reach target
Note:
Power control commands reaches up to 1500 command per second able to over come fast
fading

3- Outer-Loop Power Control(UL)

BLER

BLER increase
BLER > blerQualityTarget
SIR target is increased
hence sent power control commands
to MS to increase its power so that
BLER decreased

BLER Decrease
BLER < blerQualityTarget
SIR target is decreased
hence sent power control commands
to MS to decrease its power (able to
achieve SIR target with lower power )

SIR Target
SIR Target
MS Power

RNC

MS Power

BLER

RNC
BLER

Common Channels PC
Common Channels has only Open Loop Power
control as follow:
1.
2.

DL: The power of downlink common channels is fixed NO Power

Control
UL: PRACH is the only common channel that has UL open load power
control.


The process of power control on the PRACH is as follows:
1. The UE transmits the first preamble to the NodeB to start an access process. The power of the first preamble is
computed with the following formula:
Preamble_Initial_Power = PCPICHPower- CPICH_RSCP + UL interference + Constantvalue
where
UL interference indicates the uplink RTWP.
Constantvalue for calculating the initial transmit power compensates for the RACH processing gain. It is
broadcast in SIB 5 (parameter can be changed).
2. If no acquisition indicator is received by the UE, a preamble ramping procedure starts. To avoid collisions, the
UE must wait for a time between two consecutive preambles. The waiting time is configured by AICHTxTiming on
the RNC. The power of preamble is increased for each retransmission by a power ramp step configured by
PowerRampStep on the RNC. A preamble ramping procedure consists of several preamble ramping cycles, which
cannot exceed Mmax. In each cycle, the UE retransmits the preamble until the UE receives the acquisition indicator
or the number of retransmissions has reached PreambleRetransMax.
3. If the UE receives a negative acquisition indicator on the AICH, the UE waits for a certain period and then
initiates the random access procedure again. This period is called the back-off delay. The parameters NB01min and
NB01max define the lower and upper limits of the back-off delay. If the value of NB01min is equal to that of
NB01max, it means that the retransmission period of the preamble part is fixed.
4. If the UE receives a positive acquisition indicator, the UE exits the random access procedure, sets the power for
the message part, and transmits the message part after a period configured by AICHTxTiming.

The message part consists of two parts:

The control part and the data part. The power of the control part is the same as the power of the last transmitted preamble
plus a value defined by PowerOffsetPpm. PowerOffsetPpm must be set for each instance of PRACH TFC. It is recommended
that the value of PowerOffsetPpm be set to -3 dB corresponding to the TFC for signaling transmission and be set to -2 dB
corresponding to the TFC for service transmission.
The power of the data part is calculated with the following formula:

Pdata = Pcontrol x (d/c)2

where

Pcontrol is the power for the control part.

d is the power gain factor for the data part. The value is defined by GainFactorBetaD.

c is the power gain factor for the control part. The value is defined by GainFactorBetaC.

The transmit power on the PRACH cannot be greater than the maximum allowed uplink transmit power.
This maximum power is limited by the following parameters configured on the RNC:

MaxUlTxPowerforConv (conversational) MaxUlTxPowerforBac (background) MaxUlTxPowerforInt

(interactive) MaxUlTxPowerforStr (streaming) MaxAllowedUlTxPower

CONSTANTVA
LUE

UPRACHBA
SIC

-20 dB

AICHTxTiming

UAICH

1=12800
chips offset

NB01min

URACH

0=0 frames

NB01max

URACH

0=0 frames

Mmax

URACH

PowerOffsetP
pm

UPRACHTF
C

-3dB for
signaling
transmission
or -2dB
service
transmission

The power offset between the last access preamble and the message control part. The power of the
message control part can be obtained by adding the offset to the access preamble power.

PreambleRetr
ansMax

UPRACHBA
SIC

20

The maximum number of preambles transmitted in a preamble ramping cycle

GainFactorBet
aD

UPRACHTF
C

15

This parameter specifies the power gain factor of the data part.

GainFactorBet
aC

UPRACHTFC

13dB for
signaling
transmission
or 10dB
service
transmission

This parameter specifies the power gain factor of the control part

MaxUlTxPowe
rforConv

UCELLCAC

24=24dBm

Maximum UL transmit power for conversational service in a specific cell. It is based on the UL coverage
requirement of the conversational service designed by the network planning.

MaxUlTxPowe
rforBac

UCELLCAC

24=24dBm

Maximum UL transmit power for conversational service in a specific cell. It is based on the UL coverage
requirement of the conversational service designed by the network planning.

MaxUlTxPowe
rforInt

UCELLCAC

24=24dBm

Maximum UL transmit power for conversational service in a specific cell. It is based on the UL coverage
requirement of the conversational service designed by the network planning.

MaxAllowedUl
TxPower

UCELLSELRE
SEL

24=24dBm

The maximum allowed uplink transmit power of a UE in the cell, which is related to the network planning.