Reducing The Cholesterol Levels

in Children and Adolescent

 Prevention of CHD needs to begin in

Childhood
The Report of the Expert Panel on Blood
Cholesterol Levels in Children and Adolescent
makes both patient-based and populationbased recommendations for reducing
cholesterol levels in these age group

Population-Based Recommendations
The goal: to lower average population levels of
blood cholesterol in children and adolescents
in order to reduce the incidence of adult CHD
and generally to improve health.
Nutritional adequacy be achieved by eating a
wide variety of foods
That energy be adequate to support growth
and development and to reach or maintain
desirable body weight

Patient Based Approach

The goal: to identify those children and
adolescent with elevated serum cholesterol level
or with other CHD risk factor that are likely to
increase their risk factor for CHD as adults
The Expert Panel did recommend, however,
serum cholesterol be measured in a spesific
subgroup of youth, those at greatest risk of
having blood cholesterol as adults and an
increased risk for CHD

The Expert Panel suggested that the folloeing

children and adolescent, be screened for elevated
cholesterol and other risk factor:
Those whose parents have coronary
arterosclerosis or had balloon angioplasty or
coronary artery baypass surgery
Those whose parents suffered documented
myocardial infarction, angina pactoris,
peripheral vascular deseae, etc
Those with parents having high serum
cholesterol
Those whose parental history is unknown

Rik Factor That May Contribute to

Early Onset of CHD

Family history of premature CHD

Cigarette Smoking
Elevated Blood Pressure
Low HDL
Overweight
Diabetes Melitus
Physical Inactivity

 The panel recommended that a childs total

cholesterol be measured when his or her
parent has high blood cholesterol
Once a borderline-high or high blood
cholesterol is established, then lipoprotein
analysis is recommended

Dietary Treatment in Coronary

Heart Deseae

Do lipoprotein analysis

Acceptable LDL
cholesterol < 110mg/dL

Borderline LDL
cholesterol 100-129
mg/dL

High LDL cholesterol

>=130 mg/dL

Provide education on
recommended eating
pattern and risk factor
reduction

Risk factor advice,

follow AHA dietary
guidelines, other risc
factor intervention

Do clinical evaluation,
screen all family
members, set goal LDL,
follow AHA diatary
guidelines

 Government agencies and private organization

have developed a variety of dietary and
lifestyle recommendations and promoting
healty levels of serum lipids and lipoprotein
and for reducing overall CHD risk.
Consistent features among these various
recommendations have been limiting
consumption of food rich in tolat fats,
saturated fatty acid, and dietary
cholesterol;maintaining a healty body weight
by balancing energy intake with energy
expenditure.