Part 2

From Ideas to
Opportunity

CHAPTER 4

Creativity & the

Business
Idea

Chapter Objectives
To understand the meaning and implication of creativity to
entrepreneurship.
To understand the methods available to generate new venture
ideas.
To appreciate nature of creativity & importance of innovation.
To understand planning & development process.
To recognize the convenience of e-Commerce business.

52

Shahnaz
Shahnaz Husain,
Husain, CEO,
CEO, Shahnaz
Shahnaz
Herbals
Herbals
Inc.
entrepreneur are
not born,Inc.
they are created. If
you accept the word fail, you stop trying, so you
go on until you achieve success
Prominent woman entrepreneur
Known for herbal cosmetics for skin care
More than 400 franchises across world in 138
countries
Focus continues development in skin treatment
with herbal products
Marriage at the age of 15
Studied cosmetology & ayurveda & develop
firmed belief that these were better than chemical
cosmetics

53

Undertook extreme training in cosmetic therapy

for 10 years in London, Paris, New York before
establishing first beauty saloon in 1977
Her ayurvedic product are absolutely soft & skin
friendly
Launched more than 400 different kinds of
beauty products
Achievements recipient of Arch of Europe Gold
Star for Quality, 2000 Millennium medal of
Honour, Rajiv Gandhi Sadbhavana award
In 2006 Padmashri by GOI
54

An
An Entrepreneur
Entrepreneur

Biography
Biography
Sandeep's Personal Information
Born
:
14-05-1982
Hobbies

Tombstone Rubbing, War hammer, Cave

Diving
Favorite TV Shows: Friends
Favorite Movies:
Saving Private Ryan (1998)
Favorite Music:
Chicago, Johnny Hallyday, Bob
Marley,
Favorite Books:
The Last of Mr. Norris
Christopher, Isherwood, Hard Times Charles Dickens, The

Sandeep
Sandeep Maheshwaris
Maheshwaris Education
Education and
and Work
Work

Yildiz Technical University from 1980 to 1984

Kirorimal College, Delhi - B. Com
Work Experience was in Exchequer at Cablevision
Systems Corporation, Bose Corporation

Sandeep Maheshwari is a name among millions who

struggled, failed and surged ahead in search of success,
happiness and contentment.
Just like any middle class guy, he too had a bunch of
unclear dreams and a blurred vision of his goals in life.
Rowing through ups and downs, it was time that taught
him the true meaning of his life.

Vision
Vision and
and Mission
Mission
His vision is to ignite and inspire the entrepreneurial
spirit of tomorrows leaders to help them succeed.
His mission is of Sharing.

Story

At
At the
the age
age of
of 13
13
When he was 13, Sandeep Maheshwari's father
thought his son could do with a moped. So he bought
the young fellow a shiny new two-wheeler thinking it
would help him move around in Delhi, a city starved
of a good transport system.
Little did Maheshwari know that his son would
actually make money out of the gift! On the first
available occasion Sandeep rented out the moped to
one of his friends who wanted to take his girl for a
spin.

Within a matter of months, Sandeep was a star and

became known to everyone looking for two wheels
with an engine attached. The rate: Rs 50 per hour and
the condition that the rider bears the fuel expenses!
It wasn't long before Sandeep not only recovered the
cost of the moped but was also making money from it!
Later when his father fell on tough times, it was this
entrepreneurial spirit that held him in good stead.

Starting
Starting up
up as
as aa
photographer
photographer
He started his career as a model, right after his
schooling, at the age of 19. But he was not competent
enough to make his mark as there were countless
number of people who aspired to create their own
space in the field.
He pondered Why shouldnt he help those aspiring
models who seek a genuine photographer rather than
being a model.

Only on a blue moon one can find a photographer who

put the problems of a model above his monetary
desires on the same timeline. This urged him to
become a photographer and to be the solution for
those aspiring models clicking needs.

After undergoing a photography workshop training

spanning two weeks, he set up his own studio, Mash
Audio Visual, on a small scale owing to the economic
condition of his family.
Mash Audio Visual was launched with an investment
of less than 1.5 lakhs as he operated out of his house.
At present, they have 55 members who are working
on a full-time basis. It cost him his studies. He started
creating portfolios, though not very appealing as he
was not a professional photographer compared to the
veterans in the field.

Doing
Doing Job
Job
His family was into the Aluminum business, which
collapsed and the onus was onto him to fill in this
crucial time of need.
He started doing everything he could. Right from
joining a multi-level marketing company to
manufacturing & marketing household products.

It was during this phase; he discovered interest and

need beyond any formal education. Hence, instead of
being a brilliant student, he opted to drop out of
Kirorimal College, Delhi in the third year of B. Com.
Rather, he embarked on the journey of studying yet
another interesting subject.
A subject called life.

In
In the
the year
year 2000
2000

He then started freelance photography in 2000.

After that he joined a multi level marketing company
in 2001.
He then started a company in 2002 with three partners
but it was closed in less than six months.
In 2003, he wrote a book on marketing and started a
consultancy firm but unfortunately failed again.

Never
Never stop
stop
Till then he realized his passion about
photography, he failed several times.
It is greatly said that failures are stepping stone
to success, he then created a world record in
fashion photography.
He started a studio at his home.

He was multitasking as a counselor, tele-caller

and a photographer as well. He did portfolios
on weekends and he planned to play the rest of
the roles on weekdays.
Being a fast footer, he managed 5 to 6
portfolios in a day. He wondered if he could
manage in case the demand increased to higher
levels.

Suddenly the idea to set a world record sprang up and

so he approached the Limca Book of Records.
They set a target to capture 10,000 different shots
employing 100 within a duration of 12 hours on an
along camera with film.
He exceeded the expectation by capturing more than
10,000 images in 11 hours and utilizing over 120
models.

Setting
Setting up
up an
an office
office
After setting the world record in 2004, he became
famous overnight and he was in the limelight. That
was a turning point in his career.
With the buzz helping him out to climb significantly
on the ladder, he set up an office in Delhi with a team
of around 15 and the business margin increased
considerably. They grew to be the largest portfolio
makers in Delhi of the time.

Out of every 100 models aspiring to walk into the

industry, only 10 really walk in, and out of that 10
only 1 or 2 make it big in the industry.
So they were frank to their customers as always.
Though they were ethically right and tried a lot of
thing to help the models, some didnt make it and he
felt sorry for them.
Later an advertising company approached him
requesting for the rights to utilize the portfolios of
models rather than hosting a complete photo shoot.
He did some research on the internet and to his shock,
he was not the only one who found the idea
compelling.

It was this life-changing endeavor that made him one of

the most renowned entrepreneurs of India at a young age
of 29.
His ethics resonating some of the philosophies like To
Never Fear of Failures and "Be Truthful to self and
others".
Apart from being a disciplined entrepreneur, Sandeep
Maheshwari is an extraordinary human being.
Today, he is a guide, a mentor, a role model and a youth
icon for millions of people all over the world.
People love and adore him for his great mission of making
everybody believe in them and helping people to make
their life Aasaan (Easy).

At the age of 26, he launched ImagesBazaar with just

8,000 images shot by few photographers. The year
was 2006.
Not being a massive setup, he took the job of multitasking.
Being the counselor, tele-caller and a photographer all
by himself, he paved his way forward.
And today, ImagesBazaar is the worlds largest
collection of Indian images with over a million images
and more than 7000 clients across 45 countries.

Aasaan
Aasaan Hai
Hai

He believes that "If you have more than you need,

simply share it with those who need it the most."
With a completely distinct atmosphere than any other
person of his age and hight, he rose above the rat race
and broke through the age-old myth of Life is tough
with his simple mantra Aasaan Hai.

And out of this root solution branched out numerous

ground breaking realities such as, Money grows on trees,
Success is not just about working hard and the most
interesting being "To say is easy, but to do is easier".
Cherishing all the bad experiences to be the great turning
points of his life, his experience comes from bad
experiences.
Sandeep believes that whether you start from a rupee or a
million, the important thing is to start and that too with
your own money.

Milestones
Milestones
One of the India's Most Promising Entrepreneurs by
Business World magazine
Young Creative Entrepreneur Award by the British
Council, a division of the British High Commission
Pioneer of Tomorrow Award by the "ET Now"
television channel

Creative
Creative Entrepreneur
Entrepreneur of
of the
theYear
Year 2013
2013 by
by
Entrepreneur
Entrepreneur India
India Summit
Summit

Star
StarYouth
YouthAchiever
AchieverAward
Award instituted
instituted by
by the
the Global
Global
Youth
Youth Marketing
Marketing Forum
Forum

Apart from this, Sandeep Maheshwari has also

featured in almost all the leading magazines,
newspapers and television channels such as The
Economic Times, India Today, CNBC-TV18, IBN7,
ET Now, News X and more.
And just like the master, his creation
ImagesBazaar.com has been reviewed by top
magazines, newspapers and on television.

Awards
Awards and
and Recognition
Recognition
Business World magazine recognized Sandeep as the
Indias Most Promising entrepreneurs in March 2009.
He has been featured in The Economic Times, India
Today, CNBC-TV18, IBN7, ET Now, News X and almost
all leading news channels, magazines and news papers.
Star Youth Achiever Award instituted by the Global
Youth Marketing Forum.
Young Creative Entrepreneur Award by the British
Council, a division of the British High Commission.
Pioneer of Tomorrow Award by the ET Now
television channel.

Now Sandeep believes that the only purpose of his life is

to share all that he has learnt from life and experience with
the rest of the world. He wants to help others succeed so
that they in turn would share with those who need it the
most.
After conducting numerous Life-Changing Seminars in
different parts of India, lastly, he concluded them all with a
mega-one on 20th October, 2012. This was his Last LifeChanging Seminar conducted at the Thyagraj Stadium,
New Delhi; this seminar was attended by thousands of
people from all over India.
He is a true example of patience and self belief. If a person
actually believes in himself nothing is impossible to
achieve, the man proved it.

Future
Future Plan
Plan
1.

Focusing on the SME sector (Small & Medium

Enterprises)
The vision for Imagesbazaar is in future, if SME
wants a picture for their brochure, catalogue,
hoarding, or advertising, they should use
Imagesbazzar, download the picture from there and
use it. So they are building the site as a brand rather
than a niche photography product.
Through this, they are entering the B2C market apart
from the B2B market and reaching out to the market.

2.

Expanding outside India

They have a strong presence in India, Dubai,
Pakistan, and UAE. They have a strong client
base in all these markets. They are in the process
of partnering other stock agencies in the world to
take their images to all across the world.
Presently their customers are present in 45
countries, but predominantly in Asia. Sandeep
can add to this that 90% of their business comes
from India.

3.

3D stock photography
They are focused on building their brand and entering
new markets by partnering stock agencies from around
the world. They are the first ones to launch 3D stock
photography in the world. In the section on 3D
photography on their website, you will find 3D images.
Sandeep belief is in five years, all photography will shift
to 3D. They have entered the segment as an early bird,
so to say.

Entrepreneurs:
Entrepreneurs: Imagination
Imagination and
and
Creativity
Creativity

How entrepreneurs do what they do:

Creative thinking + systematic analysis = success

Seek out unique opportunities to fill needs and wants

Turn problems into opportunities

Recognize that problems are to solutions what

demand is to supply

540

Creativity
Creativity and
and Innovation
Innovation
Creativity the ability to develop new ideas
and to discover new ways of looking at
problems and opportunities; thinking new
things.
Innovation the ability to apply creative
solutions to problems or opportunities to
enhance or to enrich peoples lives; doing new
things.

Whats
Whats New
New About
About
The
The New
New Venture?
Venture?
A.
B.
C.

D.
E.

New Knowledge?- Human Genetic Structure

New Technology?- How To Modify It
New Products?- New Cancer-Suppressing
Drugs
New Services? New Tests For Cancer
All Of The Above?- New System For Doing
Business

Sources
Sources of
of Innovation
Innovation
Whats
Whats New
New About
About The
The New
New Venture?
Venture?

Source

Examples

Unexpected Occurrences Success: Apple Computer

Failure: Ford Edsel

Process Needs

Sugar-Free Products, Caffeine-Free

Coffee, Microwave Ovens

Industry/Market Change Health Care Industry Changing to

Home Health Care

Demographic Changes

Rest Homes/Retirement Centers for

Older People

Perception Change

Exercise (Aerobics) & Growing

Concern for Fitness

Knowledge-Based
Concepts

Video Industry: Robotics

The
The Ideas
Ideas from
from Trend
Trend Analysis
Analysis

Ideas come from understanding trend

Good method for doing it is to look at TRENDS that will
occur in the next decade
Trends of next decade
Green trend:

water management, irrigation facility, consulting firm,

recycling, eco-friendly printing, waste management

Clean Energy Trend:

solar, wind, geothermal source, CNG, Electric vehicle, CFL

Organic Orientation trend:

India produced around 3.88 million MT of certified organic

products which includes all varieties of food products namely
Basmati rice, Pulses, Honey, Tea, Spices, Coffee, Oil Seeds,
Fruits, Processed food, Cereals, Herbal medicines and there
591

The
The Ideas
Ideas from
from Trend
Trend Analysis
Analysis
edible sector but also produces organic cotton fiber, garments,
cosmetics, functional food products, body care products, etc.
EXPORTS : India exported 95 items last year (2012-13) with the
total volume of 84537 MT. The export realization was around 178
million US $ registering a 40% growth over the previous year.
Organic products are mainly exported to EU, US, Australia,
Canada, Japan, Switzerland, South Africa and Middle East. Oil
Crops (except Sesame) leads among the products exported (17966
MT).

Economic Trend

GARDEN PRODUCTS Related Categories:

Agricultural & Horticultural Contractors, Agricultural
Machineries, Fertilizers, Irrigation Equipment Suppliers
Irrigation Systems & Servicing
592

The
The Ideas
Ideas from
from Trend
Trend Analysis
Analysis

Business Coaching:
Rahul Jain is the founder and CEO of Business Coaching India. Over
the last 8 years they have coached more than 300 business owners in
the SME space across various verticals like Manufacturing, IT,
Distribution, Retail, Hospitality, Biotechnology, Import and Exports,
Event Management and other service providers.
A professional (Engg & MBA) with over 17 years hands-on
experience, including working with blue chip companies such as TATA
Motors and as a serial entrepreneur.

Discount Retailing:
Discount retailing is the fastest growing retail segment globally. It is
fast becoming, an integral part of the strategy of the Indian Retail
Industry, in these times of inflation.
Earlier, discount outlets sold factory/store rejects or seconds (in fact,
they were called Seconds Stores, Garden's Kinnari was one of the
earliest), odd sizes and last season's left over stock. Today, they say
they offer current stock and are able to offer discounts because they
source them cheap, often at end of the season and make 593
cash
payments.

Credit & debt management:

MNS Group is India?s leading Credit and Risk Management
Company, providing international and domestic Debt Recovery
Solutions, Business Credit Reports and Business Advisory services in
India and in foreign countries.
MNS Group offers total credit management services that include Debt
Collections of all complexities, Receivable Management and
arranging legal and Para-legal Services. Besides these, MNS also
offers freshly investigated business credit reports on Indian &
international companies, that help to make sound trade risk decisions
in
today's
economy.

Virtual meetings:
Organize virtual meetings with clients, colleagues and your workforce
to interact and share ideas, views and skills. Audio, video and web
conferencing solutions are able to help you achieve the holy grail of
effective communication.
Online meetings provide the platform for teams to communicate with
stakeholders synchronously, regardless of their physical location.
594

Outsourcing

Social Trend

Facebook, Orkut, MySpace, V Chat, Voice mail,

financial planning, travel etc

Health Trend

Health maintenance concern increased

Cosmetic procedures, mind expansion, personal
health portals, fitness centers, fitness toys eg. fit flops
and Wii Fit peripherals, fit food, convenient care
clinics, wellness coach etc.

Web Trends

New forms of communication & purchasing

Web 2.0 consulting, blogging, online video, mobile
applications, WiFi Apps
595

Sources of New Ideas

Sources
Sources of
of New
New Business
Business Ideas
Ideas
Consumers: The final focal-point of the
idea for a new product or service is
consumer, and the needs of the consumers
if taken into account can generate
potentially sound ideas.
Existing companies: A comprehensive
analysis of competitive products and
services already existing in the market may
result in a new product with a better market
appeal.
Distribution channels: Members of the
distribution channels are excellent sources
for new ideas because of their familiarity

Sources
Sources of
of New
New Business
Business Ideas
Ideas
Research and development: Efforts could
be of a formal nature within the organization
or taken up in association with industry. Even
the research and development efforts being
pursued by competitors in the industry provide
an insight on where to focus efforts for product
development.
Government: Government can be a source of
new product ideas in two ways:
The files of the Patent Office contain numerous new product
possibilities.
New product ideas can come in response to government
regulations.

Most
Most Innovative
Innovative Companies,
Companies, MAHINDRA
MAHINDRA
REVA
REVA

Mahindra Reva Electric Vehicles Private

Limited, formerly known as the Reva Electric
Car Company, is an Indian company based in
Bangalore, involved in designing and
manufacturing of compact electric vehicles.
The company's flagship vehicle is the REVA
electric car, available in 26 countries with more
than 4,000 of its different versions sold worldwide
by mid March 2011.

599

Reva was acquired by Indian conglomerate

Mahindra & Mahindra in May 2010. In 2013,
MAHINDRA REVA was selected as one of The
Worlds 50 Most Innovative Companies 2013 by
Fast Company (magazine)[3]
A new 30,000 capacity assembly plant in
Bangalore has reached completion. It is currently
the world's largest operational example of a plant
specially dedicated to the assembly of
battery electric vehicles.

5100

SELCO
SELCO
The Solar Electric Light Company, India or SELCO
India is a for-profit social enterprise based
in Bangalore, India.
The SELCO India has played an instrumental role in
improving living standards of poor households in rural
India especially in the state of Karnataka through solar
energy based interventions and low smoke cook stoves.
In recognition of the services towards reduction of the gap
in access to energy, SELCO India has been awarded the
prestigious Ashden Awards (also known as the Green
Oscars) twice, in years 2005 and 2007.
5101

SELCO
SELCO
SELCO India was founded in 1995 by Dr.Harish Hande
an alumnus of IIT Kharagpur with INR 15,000 funding
from its co-founder Mr. Neville Williams.[2] SELCO India
has installed solar light systems in 125,000 houses and
plans to aims to reach over 200,000 households by 2014.
[3]

PRODUCTS:

Solar photovoltaic cell

Solar water heater
Cook stove

IIT Kharagpur students economic way in constructing

buildings

5102

TOI,
TOI, Aug
Aug 29,2014
29,2014
Teens turn tech-enterpreneurs
Kshitij kumar,18,who has just finished class-12 from
Khaitan Public School, Delhi, is heading to university of
Illinois for degree in business and computer science. He
started
magic
tricks
tutorial
portal
called
Horizonmagic.com when he was 10.
Four years ago he started software firm called BLIX that
created products , including Snappy, that allows users to
convert picture into any format and Mathomatic , a free
math problem solving tool.
He is working on developing Apps called Getcaption.io for
google glass. if you are talking to someone whose
language you do not understand the app will show you on
the glass the translation of what is being said in the
language that you understand-like subtitle in a movie.

Jeol John,19, has just joined Symbiosis University ,

Pune , for BBA.
People call him a Bitcoins guru.
there is nothing that he does not know about bitcoins
transaction.
John developed an interest in payment processing
and delved into bitcoins. With bitcoin one could bring
down remittance charges to a fraction of what
transfer companies charge. It would even allow
farmer in Mizoram with no registered business and
no bank account, to do business with someone in
USA.
GSF, a startup accelerator and investor has a
program called highschool geeks that would help
John and Kumar to build their business

In 2000, Suhaas Gopinath,16, established a web

design company in Banglore and was celebrated as
the worlds youngest CEO.
Sharad Sharma, 19, co founder of softwarre product
association iSpirt , that guides parents who are
worried about the performance of their children at
school.
Sharma attributes the phenomenon of early age
accomplishments partly to the mobile internet.
Another GSF Highschool geek is Anmol Maini, 18,
built a robotic arm at school and is now envisioning
movable walkways in cities that can obviate the need
of cars.

Vedio

5106

Microsoft has a student partner program in India

and Pratik Mohapatra,16, 11th class student of
National Public School , Bngalore , is its
youngest partner. He has developed multiple
Apps for software and Google and has won
several competitions, including one of the
microsofts recently that entitles him to a trip to
watch the US Formula Grand Prix.

Effective
Effective Thinking
Thinking
Precise thinking: Focuses on logic, yes
and no, and right or wrong

Effective
thinking

To come up
with

Creative Thinking: Focuses on no, definite

answer, illogical answers and may or may
not be kind of outcome

Workable,
Acceptable and
practical
solution with
Economic
Sense

Methods
Methods of
of Generating
Generating Ideas
Ideas &
& Solving
Solving
Problems
Problems
Focus Groups
Brainstorming
Reverse
Brainstorming
Synectics
Gordon Method
Value Analysis
Problem Inventory
Analysis
Check List method

Free Association
Forced Relationships
Attribute listing
Collective Notebook
Method
Big Dream Approach
Delphi/Nominal Group
technique
Scenario Writing
Cause Effect Analysis

Focus
Focus Group
Group

A moderators leads a group of people through an open, indepth discussion rather than simply asking questions to
solicit participants response.
Discussion is either directive or nondirective manner.
Group contains 8 to 14 participants
Helpful in exploration, investigation, generating new ideas &
concepts, strategic planning etc
Eg. One co. interested in the womens slipper mkt. received
its new product concept from various socioeconomic
backgrounds. Concept developed into new womens slipper
that was market success
110

The technological revolution of the past 15 years

has led to the rapid development of online data
collection methodologies
More recently, online focus groups have
emerged, making it possible to obtain qualitative
information online.
This evolution has been driven not only by the
speed and sophistication of new technology, but
also by respondents willingness or even their
request to provide their views over the Internet
rather than face-to-face or over the telephone.
5111

5112

Creative
Creative Problem
Problem Solving
Solving Techniques
Techniques
Group
Group Creativity
Creativity
Brainstorming is group technique to generate
maximum possible ideas in a short time by involving
as many people as are there.
A group is encouraged to come out with as many
ideas as possible, without bothering about how good
or bad the idea is.
The emphasis is on quantity of ideas rather than
quality.
Spontaneous participation of the group members is
a must.
No criticism of idea is done.
Powerful tool for idea generation & options
Eg. Entrepreneurial problems like design problems,

BrainstormingGround
BrainstormingGround Rules
Rules
Involve one and all in the process of brainstorming.
Quantity is more important than quality.
Give importance to all ideas by jotting down on board
or flip chart.
Come out with as many ideas as the group could
within short time.
No criticism and negativity of any idea whatsoever.
Spontaneity and free wheeling is encouraged.
The more foolish and wilder is the idea, the better it
is.
Combining and improving ideas based on others ideas
is desirable and encouraged.
Cross fertilization(ideas of others can be used to
produce still another new idea) of ideas is
encouraged.

BRAINSTORMING
BRAINSTORMING EXERCISE
EXERCISE
How Do We Motivate Students to
Attend Classes Regularly?
Ideas: Freely record your ideas as they come to your mind.

115

BRAINWRITING
BRAINWRITING
It is silent, written generation of ideas by a group
of people
The participants write their ideas on the special
form or cards that circulate within the group
This group consists of usually Six members
Each group member generates & write down
three ideas during five minutes period
Form is passed to adjacent person & so on
Unless each form has passed all participants
The leader monitors the time & reduces or
lengthen the time based on need of the group
5116

Reverse
Reverse Brainstorming
Brainstorming

Reverse Brainstorming

Brainstorming with criticism

Identify everything that is wrong with
an idea
Identify ways and means to overcome
criticism.

Come
out with innovative
workable and worthwhile ideas

This technique
encourages fault
finding through asking
questions with a focus
on why this idea would
not work?

Problem
Problem Inventory
Inventory Analysis
Analysis
A method for obtaining new ideas & solutions by
focusing on problems
This technique uses individuals almost similar to
the focus groups to generate new ideas by
providing list of problems in a general product
category to consumers.
Useful to test new product idea among
consumers
Example food industry,
Their may be exhaustive list of problems:
physiological, sensory, activities, buying usage,
psychological/social

5118

Physiological: weight, hunger, hunger

Sensory: Taste, appearance, texture
Buying usage: probability, availability, spoilage,
cost
Psychological/social: eating alone, self-image

5119

Checklist
Checklist method
method
It facilitates generation of new idea through a
listing of related issues, suggestions, and
questions.
Entrepreneur can use list of questions to
channelize and guide the process of thinking so
as to develop an entirely a new idea.
Also known as SCAMPER Technique for New
Ideas

5120

SCAMPER
SCAMPER Technique
Technique for
for New
New Ideas
Ideas
Put to Other Use

Reverse

Modify

SCAMPER

Combine

Substitute

Adapt

Eliminate

G
en

er
at
Id ion
ea o
s fN

ew

SCAMPER
SCAMPER Stands
Stands for
for .. ....

S Substitute: Materials, components, design, shape,

people etc.
C Combine: Mix, combine with other products or
parts. integrate processes, parts etc.
A Adapt: Alter, change, use part of another element
to suit to different situations
M Modify: Increase or reduce in size and scale,
change shape, modify attributes of the product etc.
P - Put to another use top derive different value
proposition
E Eliminate: Remove elements, simplify, reduce so as
improve core functionality
R Reverse: Turn upside down or inside out to find the

GORDON
GORDON METHOD
METHOD
Begins with group members not knowing the
exact nature of problem.
Solution is not biased with preconceived idea and
behavioral pattern.
The entrepreneurs starts by mentioning a general
concept associated with the problem
Group respond by expressing no. of ideas

123

Free association
One of the powerful technique that can be
used to generate new ideas through chain
of word association.
The process begins by writing a word
related to the problem which is followed by
writing other words sequentially.
Thus each word keep giving rise to chain of
ideas related to the problem under
consideration. This process is continued till
a useful idea is found.

Forced Relationships
It is a technique in which one attempts to visualize forced
relationships among given products by combining them.
In this technique one attempt to ask questions about objects
so as to come out with a new idea.
Eg. Paper & soap, furniture & peacock
Synectics
A creative process that forces individuals to solve problems
through one of the four analogy mechanisms: personal,
direct, symbolic and fantasy.
Analogy: air and fly
It requires generalization, or models involving reversal of
things, and putting the problem into stable and familiar
perspective.
5125

Forced Relationships
It is a technique in which one attempts to visualize forced
relationships among given products by combining them.
In this technique one attempt to ask questions about objects
so as to come out with a new idea.
Eg. Paper & soap, furniture & peacock
Synectics
A creative process that forces individuals to solve problems
through one of the four analogy mechanisms: personal,
direct, symbolic and fantasy.
Analogy: air and fly
It requires generalization, or models involving reversal of
things, and putting the problem into stable and familiar
perspective.
5126

Than participants are involved in group and come up

with unique solutions to the problem by developing
personal, direct and symbolic analogies.

Stage 1

Problem
Definition

Use of
Analogies

Problem
Analysis

Generalization
of elements
of problem to
familiar entities

Force Fit

Speculation

Stage 2

Search for
familiar models

Solution

Creative Problem Solving Techniques

Attribute
Attribute listing
listing technique
technique is
is used
used when
when an
an
entrepreneur
entrepreneur is
is confronted
confronted with
with aa situation
situation that
that
can
can be
be decomposed
decomposed into
into certain
certain key
key attributes.
attributes.
As
As such
such listing
listing attributes
attributes itself
itself is
is aa creative
creative
process.
process. Attributes
Attributes are
are main
main ingredients
ingredients
constituting
constituting parts,
parts, properties,
properties, qualities
qualities or
or design
design
elements
elements of
of the
the object
object or
or aa situation
situation being
being
examined
examined and
and help
help in
in coming
coming out
out with
with new
new
product.
product.

Collective notebook method idea generation requires a

small notebook containing the problem statement & also
some blank pages along with pertinent background data to
the participants. Notebook also contains some suggestions
for coming out with new ideas such as transformation
methodreverse, expand, minimize; exploration method
listing similar problems or problem characteristics; remote
association random stimuli from different senses etc.

Big dream approach requires thinking big, irrespective of

focusing on constraints that would or could come on the
way of pursuing those dreams.

Creativity
Creativity and
and Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship
Most entrepreneurs do not use formal
techniques for generating ideas
They are endowed with divergent thinking

Different
Different Types
Types of
of Thinking
Thinking

Types of
thinking

Convergent thinking
consider all available
information and arrive at
the unique best possible
answer.

Divergent thinking
involving multiple
possible solutions to
problem under
consideration.

The

business hastwo basic functions:

marketing and innovation. Marketing and
Innovation produce results; all the rest are
costs
Peter Drucker

What
What is
is Innovation?
Innovation?
A Choice of Definitions:
..the ability to look where everyone else is looking and
see what no-one else can see. Richard J Duggan
Innovation is the practical application and use of creativity
Creativity is thinking up new things .Invention shows it
can be made
Innovation is making it commercially valuable
Research is the Transformation of Money into
Knowledge - Innovation is the Transformation of
Knowledge into Money
A.C./ McD

Innovation Excellence Definition of Innovation

Innovation
Innovation is
is all
all about
about hard
hard work
work

Art consists of 90% transpiration

and only 10% sudden inspiration
(Adolf von Menzel)

Innovation consists of 90% transpiration

and only 10% sudden inspiration
(Thomas Edision)

Stages of Innovation
U
N
I
Q
U
E
N
E
S
S

Breakthrough
Innovation
Technological
Innovation
Incremental
Innovation

NUMBER OF EVENTS

Stages
Stages of
of Innovation
Innovation
Breakthrough Innovation

It establishes the platform on which future innovations in

an area are developed

Protected by strong patent, trademark, copyrights

Examples: computer, TV, steam engine, plane, automobile,

train, Nanotechnology

Technological Innovation

Occurs more frequently than Breakthrough Innovation

Examples

Incremental Innovation

Occurs most frequently

It is market pull than technology push i.e technology is

5136

Macintosh
Macintosh

0-137

PostIt
PostIt

0-138

Space
Space Shuttle
Shuttle

0-139

Innovation Excellence Idea Management

The
The lead-user
lead-user approach
approach can
can be
be
applied
applied in
in markets
markets of
of industrialindustrial- and
and
consumer
consumer goods
goods

Pilots on wet roads

ABS-System

Bikers in the
mountains

Mountain-bike

Customers
with sensitive hair

Protein
shampoo

What
What is
is Innovation?
Innovation?

Innovation
Types
Innovation
Innovation
Types
InnovationTypes
Types

Operations
Innovation
Operations
Operations
Innovation
OperationsInnovation
Innovation

Marketing Innovations
Marketing Innovations

Boundary
BoundaryManagement
Management
Innovations
Innovations

Organizational
OrganizationalInnovations
Innovations

Innovation Types
Operations Innovation

Product process, SS source, R&D mgmt innv.

Marketing Innovations
Organizational Innovations

Structural, cultural and personnel innov.

Boundary Management Innovations

Finance, govt. related innovation

5142

Inspiring
Inspiring innovators
innovators 3M
3M
3M The company:
3M is dedicated to the innovation of products in over 28 sectors from adhesives to
products for cars. 3M is an American company with global offices. Most employees
are hired locally because they know their markets, customs and culture better than
anyone their global network helps bring customers innovative and useful products .

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------A Century of Innovation The 3M Story

http://solutions.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/en_US/About/3M/

Inspiring
Inspiring Innovators
Innovators 3M
3M
The culture of innovation
Innovation is encouraged from the top 3Ms motto is we are forever new.
Cross-functional teams work in the products sectors, e.g. automotive products, office
products.
New ideas are encouraged within those sectors

Ideas are sought from outside 3M to improve the quality of upstream innovation
There is continual measurement of the innovation process through the 6th Sigma
software system

Give it
a go
attitude

Give a
person a job
&the
freedom
to do it

Recognition
Tolerance
of mistakes

Teams

3M
Role
models

Tolerance
of
bootlegging

THE
CUSTOMER

Self
appointed
innovators

15% rule

Growth
with the
business

30% new
product
rule

Management
by
walking
around

A.C./ McD/3M

An
An organic
organic manure
manure factory
factory for
for
Rs.
Rs. 800
800 only
only (August
(August 19,
19, 2013)
2013)
Nitrogen and phosphorus are
essential for plant growth that is
common knowledge for farmers. Cow
dung contains nitrogen that is also
common knowledge for farmers.
Then why is it that many farmers look
for costly solutions rather than use
the abundant cow dung they have in
their farms as manure? Luckily, one
farmer did think of this.

After years of careful observation and planning, he came up

with a plan to recycle cow dung and urine from his farm. He
designed a 4-compartment unit for this purpose. First, the floor
of the cattle shed was sloped to direct the urine into a channel.
This urine drained into a collection tank. Next the dung was
removed manually from the floor. The collected dung-urine
mixture was allowed to settle and filter stage by stage inside a
compartment. The process resulted in a nutrient-rich filtrate.
He diluted this filtrate and used it to directly irrigate his
sugarcane fields using drip lines. The dung residue was not
wasted either. It was directed into the bio-gas producing
facility, which converted the waste into methane gas to fuel the
family kitchen.

5147

Though this set up drew the attention of several

farmers across the country, not many embraced
it as it was expensive; the 4-tank collection and
settling masonry structure cost a minimum of Rs.
40,000 including materials and labour.

5148

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