using
Introduction to
Light & Color
Light
Light
These
The
Wavelength
Above
1.Reflection
Importance in dentistry:
The restoration should have a highly smooth
and polished surface, to simulate the tooth
structure and match the color.
2.Refraction
It
3. Scattering
Importance:
e.g.:
a) Opacifiers added to composite resins act as
scattering centers that give rise to opaquer shades of
the materials.
b) Incorporation of air bubbles in the restoration
during mixing acts as scattering centers.
4.Transmission
5. Absorption
As light passes through an optical
medium, the electrons in the material
may absorb the electromagnetic energy
of that light and the internal energy of
the material is increased. The intensity
of such light will correspondingly
decrease, and the light will not be
transmitted through the material. The
more absorption of light, the more
opaque is the material.
Translucency
Opacity
Blue
Green
red
Blue
Blue object
6.Dispersion
Red
Yellow
Green
Blue
Violet
7.Luminescence [Fluorescence
and Phosphorescence]
Emission
Immediate
emission is called
fluorescence.
while delayed emission is called
phosphorescence.
The fluorescence contribute to the brightness
Importance in dentistry:
8.Opalescence
Color
Munsell system
Hue
is
Between
Chroma
describes the degree of
saturation or strength and
intensity of a particular hue,i.e
weak or strong hue.
Value
Source
Different light sources have different color content
((different spectral distribution)). i.e. Daylight is
different in its color content from incandescent or
fluorescent lights.
2.
Surroundings
They modify the type of light reaching the
object. A yellow wall, by absorbing some of the
blue light emitted by the source, imparts more
yellow component to the resulting illumination.
Colors of walls, clothing and lips contribute to
the color of light incident on the teeth.
3.
Object:
a) Translucency
b) Surface Texture
c) Presence of
Scattering Centers
d) Fluorescence
e) Thickness
f) Metamerism
g) Opalescence
4. Observer:
a) Color Vision
b) Color response
c) Color Fatigue
d) Sex, Age,
Memory and
Cultural background
3.
4.
5.
6.
2. Arrangement of teeth
3. Staining
Staining
2.
Techniques for
solving some
problems
Illusion in Length
A lateral view
demonstrating the
lingual inclination
of the cervical and
incisal one-fifth
areas which
decrease the
appearance of
length.
If two adjacent
anterior teeth need
to appear longer ,
each incisal edge
should be made to
slope gingivally
away from the
common incisal
angle , leading the
illusion of length
Illusion in Width
shaping:
tooth (a) is made to appear thinner than it
actually is by carving the mesial and distal line
angles to the lingual, thus presenting less
labial surface.