Escribiendo
sentencias SELECT
Bsicas.
SELECT
columnas.
DISTINCT
Columna|expresin
expresiones.
Alias
:
seleccionadas un
: Selecciona columnas o
Da
las
encabezado diferente.
columnas
select ProductID,
ProductName,
UnitPrice
from products
ProductId ProductName
UnitPrice
Chai
Chang
Aniseed Syrup
Chef Anton's Cajun Seasoning
Chef Anton's Gumbo Mix
Grandma's Boysenberry Spread
Uncle Bob's Organic Dried Pears
Northwoods Cranberry Sauce
Mishi Kobe Niku
Ikura
Queso Cabrales
Queso Manchego La Pastora
Konbu
Tofu
Genen Shouyu
Pavlova
Alice Mutton
18.00
19.00
10.00
22.00
21.35
25.00
30.00
40.00
97.00
31.00
21.00
38.00
6.00
23.25
15.50
17.45
39.00
Operadores
+
*
/
Descripcin
Suma
Resta
Multiplicacin
Divisin
15000
5000
35000
5000
35000
3500
1750
clientes
Nombre Completo
--------------------------------Cristian Gonzalez
Rodrigo Obando
Jonathan Andrade
Sergio Jimenez
Cristina Oyarzun
Angelica garca
Jessica Sigoa
Alejandra Vasquez
Jocelyme Asem
(9 row(s) affected)
Restringiendo y
ordenando
datos.
WHERE
Condicin
Operador
=
>
>=
<
<=
<>
Significado
Igual a
Mayor que
Mayor o igual que
Menor que
Menor o igual que
Distinto
Operador
Significado
Igual a cualquiera de
los valores de la lista
LIKE
Smbolo
Descripcin
%
secuencia
caracteres.
Representa cualquier
de cero o ms
Representa un caracter.
Operador
AND
OR
componente es
NOT
Significado
un
true
en
customers
Select Anidados
Select
employees.first_name,employees.salary,departments.department_nam
from
employees, departments
Select *
from nombre_de las tablas
Ejemplo:
Select *
from employees, departments
Select
employees.first_name,employees.salary,departments.department_nam
from
employees, departments
where employees.department_id = departments.department_id
Select
a.first_name,a.salary,b.department_name
from
Employees a , departments b
where a.department_id = b.department_id and
a.department_id>100
Select
a.first_name,a.salary,b.department_name
from
Employees a , departments b
where a.department_id = b.department_id and
a.department_id between 50 and 100
select *
from employees emp inner join jobs trab on EMP.JOB_ID=TRAB.JOB_ID
select *
from employees emp inner join jobs trab on EMP.JOB_ID=TRAB.JOB_ID
and salary >10000
_______________________________________
select *
from employees emp inner join jobs trab on EMP.JOB_ID=TRAB.JOB_ID
or trab.job_title in ('President', 'Accountant')
_______________________________________
select *
from employees emp inner join jobs trab on EMP.JOB_ID=TRAB.JOB_ID
and (trab.job_title in ('President', 'Accountant')
or emp.salary between 2000 and 10000)
SELECT products.productid,
products.productname,
categories.categoryid, categories.categoryname
FROM products, categories
WHERE products.categoryid=categories.categoryid
productid productname
categoryid categoryname
----------- ---------------------------------------- ----------- --------------1
Chai
1
Beverages
2
Chang
1
Beverages
3
Aniseed Syrup
2
Condiments
4
Chef Anton's Cajun Seasoning
2
Condiments
5
Chef Anton's Gumbo M
2
Condiments
6
Grandma's Boysenberry Sad
2
Condiments
7
Uncle Bob's Organic Dried Ps
7
Produce
8
Northwoods Cranberry Sauce
2
Condiments
9
Mishi Kobe Niku
6
Meat/Poultry
10
Ikura
8
Seafood
11
Queso Cabrales
4
Dairy Products
12
Queso Manchego La Pastora
4
Dairy Products
13
Konbu
8
Seafood
14
Tofu
7
Produce
15
Genen Shouyu
2
Condiments
Funciones de Grupo.
AVG.
COUNT.
MAX.
MIN.
SUM.
---------------------------------------10761.111111
(1 row(s) affected)
----------9
(1 row(s) affected)
-------------------40000
(1 row(s) affected)
-------------------350
(1 row(s) affected)
---------------------------------------94
(1 row(s) affected)
Creacin
Manipulacin
tablas.
y
de
Este valor por defecto, hace que cada vez que se agregue
CREATE TABLE pru
(cod int,
fecha datetime DEFAULT(getdate()),
primary key(cod))
INSERT INTO pru (cod, fecha)
VALUES (111, default)
Manipulando
columnas.
UPDATE tabla
SET columna = valor [, columna= valor, ...]
[WHERE condicin]
UPDATE emple
SET emple_ape='Asem'
WHERE emple_rut='13968000-8'
UPDATE emple
SET emple_sue = (SELECT emp_sue
FROM empleado
WHERE emp_rut='11111111-1'),
emple_ape =
(SELECT emp_ape
FROM empleado
WHERE emp_nom= 'Jessica')
WHERE emple_nom = 'Jessica'
UPDATE emple
SET emple_sue = (SELECT emp_sue
FROM empleado
WHERE emp_ape='Obando')
WHERE emple_rut =
(SELECT
emp_rut
FROM empleado
WHERE emp_nom='Angelica')
Subconsultas
consultas
variables.
y
con
SELECT emp_rut
FROM empleado
WHERE emp_nom = @NOM_VARIABLE
Operador
Significado
IN
ANY
Compara una columna con cada valor
retornado por
la subconsulta
ALL
valores
Compara
una
columna
con
todos
los
Clave Primaria
varchar(20)
Fecha del sistema
varchar(10)
varchar(30)
varchar(30)