Resource Management
Eighth Edition
Chapter 5
Human Resource Planning and Job Analysis
Introduction
Human resource planning
is a process by which an
organization ensures that
it has the right number and
kinds of people
at the right place
at the right time
capable of effectively and
efficiently completing those
tasks that will help the
organization achieve its overall
strategic objectives.
Fundamentals of Human Resource Management 8e, DeCenzo and Robbins
Introduction
Linked to the organizations
overall strategy and planning to
compete domestically and
globally.
Overall plans and objectives must
be translated into the number and
types of workers needed.
Senior HRM staff need to lead top
management in planning for HRM
issues.
Fundamentals of Human Resource Management 8e, DeCenzo and Robbins
An Organizational Framework
A mission statement defines what
business the organization is in,
including why it exists and who its
customers are.
Strategic goals
Set by senior management to establish
targets for the organization to achieve.
Generally defined for the next 5-20 years.
An Organizational Framework
Corporate assessment
Gap or SWOT (Strengths-WeaknessesOpportunities-Threats) analysis determines
what is needed to meet objectives.
Strengths and weaknesses and core
competencies are identified.
HRM determines what knowledge, skills
and abilities are needed by the
organizations human resources.
An Organizational Framework
new hires
contingent workers
transfers-in
individuals returning from leaves
Retirements
Dismissals
Transfers-out
Lay-offs
Voluntary quits
Sabbaticals
Prolonged illnesses
Deaths
Job Analysis
Job Analysis is a systematic
exploration of the activities within a job.
It defines and documents the duties,
responsibilities and accountabilities of a
job and the conditions under which a job
is performed.
Job Analysis
Job Analysis Methods
Observation method job analyst
watches employees directly or reviews film
of workers on the job.
Individual interview method a team of
job incumbents is selected and extensively
interviewed.
Group interview method a number of
job incumbents are interviewed
simultaneously.
Fundamentals of Human Resource Management 8e, DeCenzo and Robbins
Job Analysis
Job Analysis Methods
Structured questionnaire method
workers complete a specifically designed
questionnaire.
Technical conference method uses
supervisors with an extensive knowledge
of the job.
Diary method job incumbents record
their daily activities.
Job Analysis
Job Analysis
Structured Job Analysis Techniques
Department of Labors Job Analysis
Process:
Information from observations and interviews is
used to classify jobs by their involvement with
data, people and things.
Information on thousands of titles available on
O*Net OnLine which is the Department of
Labors replacement for the Dictionary of
Occupational Titles.
Job Analysis
Position Analysis Questionnaire
(PAQ)(developed at Purdue
University)
Jobs are rated on 194 elements, grouped
in six major divisions and 28 sections.
The elements represent requirements
that are applicable to all types of jobs.
This type of quantitative questionnaire
allows many different jobs to be
compared with each other, however, it
appears to be more applicable to higherlevel professional jobs.
Job Analysis
Job Descriptions
Written statement of what jobholder does, how it is
done, under what conditions and why.
Common format: title; duties; distinguishing
characteristics; environmental conditions; authority
and responsibilities.
Used to describe the job to applicants, to guide
new employees, and to evaluate employees.
Identification of essential job functions is needed
to assure compliance with Americans with
Disabilities Act.
Job Analysis
Job Specifications
States minimum acceptable qualifications.
Used to select employees who have the
essential qualifications.
Job Analysis
Job Evaluations
Specify relative value of each job in the
organization.
Used to design equitable compensation
program.
Job Analysis
The Multi-faceted Nature of Job
Analysis
Almost all HRM activities are tied to job
analysis.
Job analysis is the starting point for sound
HRM.
Job Analysis
Job Analysis and the Changing World of
Work
Globalization, quality initiatives,
telecommuting, and teams require
adjustments to the components of a job.
Todays jobs often require not only
technical skills but interpersonal skills and
communication skills as well.