CHAPTER 9

TRAINING AND
DEVELOPMENT

Training and Development

Training and Development
Represents an ongoing investment in employees and
realizes that employees are assets with value.

Importance of Training and Development

Rapid technological changes cause skill obsolescence.
Redesign of work brings about the need for new skills.
Mergers and acquisitions have increased the need for
integrating employees into different corporate cultures.
Employees are moving between employers more often,
necessitating the training of more new hires.
Globalization of business requires new knowledge and skills.

Benefits of Training and Development

Individual employee
Increased employee marketability
Increased employee employability security

Organization
Improved bottom line, efficiency, and profitability
Increased flexible in having employees who can assume
different and varied responsibilities
Reduced layers of management
Helps make employees more accountable for results.

Planning and Strategizing Training

Setting Training Objectives

Align/match identified training needs with training
objectives.
Define objectives in specific, measurable terms:
In terms of desired employee behaviors.
In terms of the results that are expected to follow from such
behaviors.

An source of information for setting objectives can

be the data on performance deficiencies that is
contained in the organizations performance
management system.

Design and Delivery

Critical Training Design Issues
Interference from and the difficulty of overcoming prior
training, learning or established habits.
Whether or not employees transfer (utilize) the newly learned
skills back to the job.
Having an organizational environment that is supportive of
training and development.
The choice of a training environment (e.g., on-the-job
training) that closely approximates or simulates actual job or
working conditions to facilitate the transfer of learning.

Evaluation
Is an integral part of the overall training program.
Provides feedback on the effectiveness of the
training program.
Evaluation criteria should be established in tandem
with and parallel to training objectives.

Integrating Training with Performance

Management Systems and Compensation

Reading 9.1: Strategies that Impact the

Transfer of Learning
Effective Scheduling of Training Session
Morning hours, fewer hours per session, more frequency.

Training at the Appropriate Time

Deliver training as close to the actual time when learning will
used/needed on the job.

Pre-training Preparation
Employees need to be made aware of the benefit and
importance of training.

Training Delivery
Training and transfer are enhanced by using a variety of
training techniques.

Reading 9.2: Key Factors Influencing

Training Program Success
Planning
Establish a structured linkage
between the organizations
strategic mission and the goals
of training and development
initiatives.

Doing
Select a specific training
program content and choose a
appropriate training method to
deliver the content.

Checking
Evaluate training results by
measuring participant
reactions and responses to
behavioral exercises during
the training.

Acting
Determine how sustain and
enhance the role of training
and development in the
organization.