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SUSTAINABLE

AGRICULTURAL PROJECT

Ammar
Aamir

WHAT IS POLYHOUSE FARMING?

In India traditional farming is prevalent but now a new farming


technology called Polyhouse farming provides better income in a
short period of time with less labor.
Polyhouse farming is an alternative new technique in agriculture
gaining foothold in rural India. It reduces dependency on rainfall
& makes the optimum use of land and water resources. Polyhouse
farming can help the farmer generate income through out the year
growing multiple crops.

ADVANTAGES OF POLYHOUSE
TECHNOLOGY
High Quality Agricultural Products
Production volume increases by 10 to 12 times
Off Seasonal Production possible
Disease and pest attacks are minimum
Plant growth and lifespan is high
Modern farming Technology such as Hydroponics can be
incorporated
Protection from excess rainfall, wind, sunlight and cold
conditions.
Minimum use of water and fertilizers
Maximum use of space
Protection from birds, animals and human activities
Labor cost is reduced

DISADVANTAGES OF POLYHOUSE
TECHNOLOGY

Initial Start-up cost is high


Maintenance cost is high
Must have skills on how to control various factors inside a
greenhouse

PRINCIPLES OF A POLYHOUSE

Growth and healthy production of plants under controlled


favorable conditions in closed or partially closed space is called
polyhouse.
Polyhouse concept emerged in order to mitigate the adverse
environmental conditions such as excess of raining, high
temperature, extreme cold condition, air flow etc.

TYPES OF
POLYHOUSE
Glass House
Shade Net
Poly House

CONDITIONS MAINTAINED INSIDE A


POLYHOUSE
There are five different types of environmental factors maintained
in polyhouse.
CO 2
Temperature
Light
Humidity
Air Flow

CARBON DIOXIDE

Atmosphere CO2 concentration. is 0.03% means 300ppm. Plants


use this CO2 for photosynthesis. In polyhouse, during night time
there is no photosynthesis but CO2 is given out by respiration.
This CO2 remain accumulated around plants hence in night
compare to outside, polyhouse always have more CO2
concentration.
This CO2 is again used by plants growing in polyhouse for rapid
photosynthesis.
It has been proved that if Polyhouse having 1000ppm of CO2, then
herbs, vegetables and flower production increases to 4 to 5 times
more compare to normal conditions .

TEMPERATURE

For flowers and vegetables healthy and maximum growth, the


temp requirement is between 26C to 30C during day time and
15C to 18C in night. The stele frame work of polyhouse is
covered by polythene hence inner temp. can rise up to 40C. To
control the temp inside the poly house, the ventilation as well as
cooling pads and fans are used. Because of this we can have
continuous quality production of herbs throughout the year.

LIGHT

Light is a most critical factor for poly house. The brightness of


light is measured in LUX. For healthy growth of crop in poly
house, minimum requirement of LUX is 50,000 to 60,000. In India,
light LUX varies from 40,000 to 1,40, 000 hence in many parts of
our country such as Maharashtra, Karnataka, M.P. the sunlight is
bright and has to be reduced by using shed net. We can reduce
sunlight 30%, 50%, 75%. The 50% shed net are common in India

HUMIDITY

For flowers and vegetables, and their healthy and maximum


growth, we should have proper humidity. Requirement of
humidity for flower production is 65% to 80% and for
vegetables it is 60% to 65%
Because of controlled humidity plant growth remain continue,
flower grow with attractive colors and after cutting, their shelf
life also increases. Humidity helps in color combination of
herbs, vegetable and flowers.

AIR FLOW

If humidity is more in polyhouse, then chances of diseases and


pest increases. Under such condition, side vents of polyhouse
are opened to promote wind movement in polyhouse. Because of
wind movement the humidity decreases and chances of diseases
also reduced.

PLANTS USED IN POLYHOUSE


TECHNOLOGY
Floriculture: Roses, Orchids, Gerbera, Aster, Lilies
Vegetables: Mostly exotic such as Asparagus, Broccoli, Brussels,
Sprouts, Squash (zucchini), Celery, Cherry -Tomato, Chinese
cabbage, Leek, Lettuce, Parsley, Capsicum etc.
Landscape Plants: And all types of shade loving plants or
foliage plant which require minimum light for healthy growth.
Polyhouse is also used for growing the seedling and hardening of
tissue culture plants.

RETURN ON INVESTMENT

Possible to get back investment made on Polyhouse within a 2


years, maximum 3 years.
If a entrepreneurs /cultivator go for poly house for nursery
production of high yielding vegetable plants in an area where
large scale vegetable cultivation is done, in such condition he can
get back his investment within 2 years

FINANCIAL COST
Sustainable Agricultural Project
Polyhouse required for 1 acre

Summary Statement
Sources of Capital
Owners' and other investments
Total Source of Funds

2,500,000.00
2,500,000.00

Investment
Other investor
Total Investment

2,500,000.00
0.00
2,500,000.00

Startup Expenses
Startup Expenses
Buildings/real estate
Capital equipment
Administration expenses
Opening inventory
Total Startup Expenses

2,500,000.00
0.00
106,000.00
174,000.00
2,780,000.00

Buildings/Real Estate
Purchase
Construction
Remodeling
Other
Total Buildings/Real Estate
Capital Equipment List
Fixtures
Machinery
Other
Total Capital Equipment

0.00
2,500,000.00
0.00
0.00
2,500,000.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

1 Qtr Admin Expenses


Labor Related Cost (2 individuals @ 15000 x 3)
Pesticide & Fertilizer

45,000.00
25,000.00

Agricultural Services (3 visit per month@ 2500X 3X 3)


Utility Cost
Water (150 per day x 30 x 3)
Total Admin Expenses

22,500.00
0.00
13,500.00
106,000.00

Opening Inventory
Cucumber Seed ( 4 months production)
14000 x 5
Capsicum Seed ( 3 months production)
13000 x 8
Total Inventory

70,000.00
104,000.00

174,000.00

CONTINUED
Income Expense Statement

Instecticide& Pesticides
75,000.00
Agricultural Services
Visit cost
per month visit
Months

2014
REVENUE

Sale of Cucumber
Plants/Acre (nos)
Selling Price
Sales
Sales of Capsicum
Plants/Acre (nos)
Selling Price
Sales
Gross Profit

EXPENSES

14000
11.00
154,000.00
13000
41.50
539,500.00
693,500.00

Seed Cucumber
Number of Seeds
Rate of Seed
Total cost of Seeds

14,000.00
5.00
70,000.00

See Capsicum
Number of Seeds
Rate of Seed
Total cost of Seeds

13,000.00
8.00
104,000.00

Water Charges
Per month cost
Months
Total Cost of Water

Total Cost of Agricultural Services

60,000.00

Transportation
Total Cost (0.5/kg)

25,000.00

Labor related Cost


1 individuals @7500 X 12

90,000.00

Packaging
Cucumber
Total Kilograms
Cartons required per 20 kg
Capcicum
Total Kilograms
Cartons required per 20 kg
Rate per Carton
Total Cost

50000
2500
15.00
75,000.00

Maintenance

15,000.00

Replacement of Plastics
(every three years )

50,000.00

Other Misc overheads

1,600.00
12
19,200.00

Total Expenses
INCOME

2,500.00
2
12

50000
2500

0.00
558,200.00
135,300.00

VANILLA OPTION

Vanilla is a tropical orchid, cultivated for its pleasant flavor, which


is one of the costliest spices in the international market
Vanilla could be grown even on small plots of land and the initial
investment required is small. Today, India stands sixth among the
world's eight vanilla-exporting nations

FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
Cultivation of Vanilla in Polyhouse - Model Project
Unit Area

1 acre

Spacing between supporting pillars

8' x 6'

No. of plants trailing on one pole


Total plant population

2
2400

Item wise cost capitalized


Year I
Qty

Year II

Year III

Total

Rate

Land Development
Land clearing/ levelling etc

10,000.00

10,000.00

Construction of Polyhouse
Shade net (50% shade)- sqm

4200

19.00

79,800.00

79,800.00

Stone pillars (12', 8",4")

200

220.00

44,000.00

44,000.00

Charges for fixing of pillars

200

20.00

4,000.00

4,000.00

Charges for erection of shade net-sqm

4000

3.00

12,000.00

12,000.00

Irrigation equipments

30,000.00

30,000.00

Misc equipments

5,000.00

5,000.00

78,000.00

78,000.00

Irrigation structures

Erection of support system


Stone pillars (7',4",4")

1200

65.00

GI wire for trailing of vines

10,000.00

Erection charges

1200

10.00

12,000.00

12,000.00

Cost of planting materials

2400

60.00

144,000.00

144,000.00

Cost of FYM (tons)

15

1,000.00

15,000.00

15,000.00

Vermi-compost

10

4,000.00

40,000.00

Cost of cultivation till bearing stage

Top dressing

40,000.00
5,000.00

5,000.00

10,000.00

Foliar spray

5,000.00

10,000.00

10,000.00

25,000.00

Cost of irrigation(Rs 1500 per month)

16,500.00

16,500.00

16,500.00

49,500.00

Labour charges

20,400.00

22,200.00

28,200.00

70,800.00

515,700.00

53,700.00

59,700.00

629,100.00

Total capital cost

LABOR COST

Year 1
Application of manure's & fertiliser/ PP chemicals;training /
pruning of vines
Artificial pollination
Harvesting, grading etc.
Total labour days (No.)
Labour charges @ Rs 60 /manday (Rs.)
Permanent labourer - 1 no. @Rs 1500/month
Total

Year 2
40

Year 3
40
30

40
100
30
40
70
170
2,400.00 4,200.00 10,200.00
18,000.00 18,000.00 18,000.00

20,400.00 22,200.00 28,200.00

CONTINUED
Financial Analysis (Vanilla)
Total Cost capitalized (Rs)
No of plants per unit area
Rate per kg of green beans (Rs)
Economics

Year 1
515,700.00
2400
500.00

Year 1
Income
Yield of fresh beans per vine
(kg)
Total yield per acre (kg)
Income (Rs) @ 500/kg
Maintenance Expenses (Rs)
Net Income (Rs)
IRR & B C Ratio
Cost
Capital cost (Rs)
Recurring expenditure (Rs)
Total expenditure (Rs)
Benefit (Rs)

Net benefit

Year 2
53,700.00

Year 2

Year 3
59,700.00

Year 3

Year 4
65,000.00

Year 4

Year 5
65,000.00

Year 5

Year 6
65,000.00

Year 6

0.25
0.5
0.75
1
600
1200
1800
2400
300,000.00 600,000.00 900,000.00 1,200,000.00
65,000.00 65,000.00
65,000.00
300,000.00 535,000.00 835,000.00 1,135,000.00

515,700.00

53,700.00

59,700.00

515,700.00
0.00

65,000.00 65,000.00
65,000.00
53,700.00 59,700.00 65,000.00 65,000.00
65,000.00
0.00 300,000.00 600,000.00 900,000.00 1,200,000.00

-
515,700.00

53,700.00 240,300.00 535,000.00 835,000.00 1,135,000.00

TRAINING PROVIDERS FOR POLYHOUSE


TECHNOLOGY
NATIONAL CENTRE OF ORGANIC FARMING
19, Hapur Road, Near CBI Academy, Ghaziabad -2 01002 (UP)
Tel. 0120 -2764212 Fax 0120-2764901
www.dacnet.n ic.in /n co f e-mail:nb dc@n ic.in
Mr. Y. L. Jagdale , SMS(Hort iculture )
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Shardanag ar, Malegao n colony, Baramati,
Tal- Baramati , Dist- Pune (Maharash tra), Pin -413115.
Mob. 9923071265, Off. - 02112/255207/27
E-mail jagdaley @ad tb aram ati.co m Web www.kvkbaram ati.co m
Shrushti Hitech & Agriculture Development
Vishwa Emp ire Office No .47 , Baramati ,Dist-Pun e Maharash tra .Pin -413102
Email - realag ro1 @g mail.co m / shrushti.h itech @g m ail.co m 09403967696,
09890769945

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