Created By:

Ade Irma

Dhea Fiften Mandeyka

Gita Putri Kusumawardani
Rafit Arjeni
Veronika Sulistiani

TOXIC
Definition

Catagories Of Toxicity

Symbol

Storage

Types Of Toxic
Factors Influencing Toxicity
Route Of Toxic Entry
Example and Effect

Rule Of Handling
Disposal Of Waste Toxic
Materials
How to Treat Poisoning c

What Is A Toxic Substance?

A toxic substance means any

chemical or mixture that may be
harmful to the environment and to
human health if inhaled, swallowed,
or absorbed through the skin.

SYMBOL OF TOXIC
Can cause
death if inhaled,
touched
or swallowed.
Example :
Potassium
Cyanide

Types of toxicity

Chemical toxicants

Biological toxicants

Physical toxicants

Factors influencing toxicity

The pathway of administration

The time of exposure
The number of exposures
The physical form of the toxin
The genetic makeup of an individual, an
individual's overall health, and many
others.

Routes of Chemical Entry

Ingestion
mouth

Inhalation
lungs

Absorption
skin

ACUTE OR CHRONIC DAMAGE?

Acute toxicity - victim becomes ill or injured
after short exposure
sometimes just a few moments
Chronic toxicity - effects of a toxicant on a
body over a long period, sometimes several
years

Potential Health Effects/Symptoms Associated with Toxicity

Chemical Name

(Note: not a complete listing of symptoms

Methylene chloride

Mild central nervous system depressant. May cause headache, nausea, dizziness, drowsiness, incoordination
and confusion, unconsciousness and death.

Isopropyl

alcohol

(2-

propanol)

Acetone

l-Limonene

Acetaldehyde

Hydrogen

Causes skin and eye irritation.

Mild central nervous system depressant. High vapour concentrations may cause headache, nausea, dizziness,
drowsiness, incoordination, and confusion. Very high exposures may result in unconsciousness and death.

May be irritating to the respiratory tract.

Causes eye irritation.

Swallowing or vomiting of the liquid may cause aspiration (breathing) into the lungs.

Mild central nervous system depressant.

Very high concentrations may cause headache, nausea, dizziness, drowsiness, incoordination and confusion.

Causes eye irritation.

Swallowing or vomiting of the liquid may result in aspiration into the lungs.

Causes moderate skin irritation.

May cause allergic skin reaction.

The vapour is irritating to the respiratory tract. May cause lung injury. These effects may be delayed.

Causes severe eye irritation.

peroxide

May be fatal if swallowed.

Sporicidin
Disinfectant

EPA Toxicity Categories

Toxicity Study

Category I High
Toxicity

Category II
Categiry III Low
Moderate Toxicity Toxicity

Acute Oral

Up to and including
> 500 thru 5000
> 50 thru 500 mg/kg
50 mg/kg
mg/kg

> 5000 mg/kg

Category IV Very
Low Toxicity

Acute Dermal

Up to and including > 200 thru 2000

200 mg/kg
mg/kg

> 2000 thru 5000

mg/kg

> 5000 mg/kg

Category IV Very
Low Toxicity

Acute Inhalation

Up to and including > 0.05 thru 0.5

0.05 mg/liter
mg/liter

> 0.5 thru 2mg/liter > 2 mg/liter

Eye Irritation

Corrosive
(irreversible
deconstruction of
ocular tissue) or
corneal involvement
or irritation
persisting for more
than 21 days

Corneal
Minima; effects
involvement or
Category III Low
clearing in less than
irritation clearing in
Toxicity
24 hours
7 days or less

Skin Irritation

Corrosive (tissue
Mild or SLight
Severe irritation at Moderate irritation
deconstruction into
irritation (no
72 hours (severe
at 72 hour (moderate
the dermis and/or
irritation or slight
erythema or edema) erythema)
scarring)
erythema)

Corneal
involvement or
ittitation clearing in
8-21 days

Category IV* Very EPA Toxicity

Low Toxicity
Category

Category IV Very
Low Toxicity

Category IV Very
Low Toxicity

How to storage toxic

materials
Keep the amount of toxic material
Inspect storage areas and containers regularly
Ensure that containers are tightly closed when not in use
and when empty.
Store containers at a convenient height for handling,
below eye level if possible.
Store material within the temperature range
recommended by the chemical manufacturer/supplier.
To contain spills or leaks, the toxic material containers
should be stored in trays made of compatible materials.

How do I handle toxic materials

safely?
Use only the smallest amount necessary to do the job.
Prevent the release of toxic vapours, dusts, mists or gases into the
workplace air.
Wear appropriate personal protective
Be aware of the typical symptoms of poisoning and first aid procedures
Do not return contaminated or unused material to the original container.
Ensure containers are clearly labeled and inspect containers
Keep containers tightly closed
Ensure suitable emergency equipment
Ensure emergency eyewash/shower stations
To prevent spillage, use proper tools
Pour toxic liquids carefully from the container
Avoid any welding, cutting, soldering
Maintain good housekeeping

Disposal of waste toxic materials

Always review federal, provincial and local (municipal)
government requirements prior
Toxic chemical waste must NOT be flushed down sewer or
sanitary drains as a method of disposal.
Do not mix hazardous waste materials with regular garbage
destined for a landfill.
Ensure that the waste container used is compatible with the
waste material.
Always ensure that the waste container is properly and
accurately labelled.
Do not mix incompatible mixtures in a single waste container.
Do not overfill liquid waste containers.

Do not reuse the containers

How to Treat Poisoning

When the Poison Was Swallowed

Keep the person comfortable

Clear the person's airway
Check the person's breathing
and pulse

 When the Poison Was Inhaled

Leave the toxic area immediately

Keep the person

comfortable until
paramedics come

Check the person's breathing and pulse

 When the Poison Came into Contact With

the Skin or Eyes

Remove traces of the substance

Flush the area with lukewarm water